• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제22권9호
• /
• pp.1005-1008
• /
• 2001

The lanthanide complexes have been anticipated to exhibit high efficiency along with a narrow emission spectrum. Photoluminescence for the lanthanide complex is characterized by a high efficiency since both singlet and triplet excitons are involve d in the luminescence process. However, the maximum external electroluminescence quantum efficiencies have exhibited values around 1% due to triplet-triplet annihilation at high current. Here, we proposed a new energy transfer mechanism to overcome triplet-triplet annihilation by the Eu complex doped into phosphorescent materials with triplet levels that were higher than singlet levels of the Eu complex. In order to show the feasibility of the proposed energy transfer mechanism and to obtain the optimal ligands and host material, we have calculated the effect depending on ligands as a factor that controls emission intensity in lanthanide complexes. The calculation shows that triplet state as well as singlet state of anion ligand affects on absorption efficiency indirectly.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.35-39
• /
• 2016

In recent years, high-temperature superconductor (HTS) Quadruple Triplets are being developed for heavy ion accelerators, because the HTS magnets are suitable to withstand radiation and high heat loads in the hot cell of accelerators. Generally, an iron yoke, which costs a mass of material, was employed to enhance the magnetic field when a quadrupole magnet was designed. The type of the magnet is called iron-dominated magnet, because the total magnetic field was mainly induced by the iron. However, in the HTS superconductor iron-dominated magnets, the coil-induced field also can have a certain proportion. Therefore, the air-core HTS quadrupole magnets can be considered instead of the iron-core HTS quadrupole magnet to be employed to save the iron material. This study presents the design of an air-core HTS quadruple triplet which consists three by air-core HTS quadruple magnet and compare the design result with that of an iron-core HTS quadruple triplet. First, the characteristics of an air-core HTS quadrupole magnet were analyzed to select the magnet system for the magnetic field uniformity impairment. Then, the field uniformity was improved(< 0.1%) exactly using evolution strategy (ES) method for each iron-core HTS quadrupole magnet and the air-core HTS quadruple triplet was established. Finally, the designed air-core triplet was compared with the iron-core HTS quadruple triplet, and the results of beam trajectories were presented with both the HTS quadruple triplet systems to show that the air-core triplet can be employed instead of the iron-core HTS triplet. The design of the air-core quadruple triplet was suggested for a heavy ion accelerator.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.271-276
• /
• 2002

The energy relaxation dynamics of the lowest excited singlet and triplet states of the Zn(II)porphyrin monomer and its directly linked arrays were comparatively investigated with increasing the number of porphyrin moieties. While the fluorescence decay rates and quantum yields of the porphyrin arrays increased with the increase of porphyrin units, their triplet-triplet (T-T) absorption spectra and decay times remained almost the same. The difference in the trends of energy relaxation dynamics between the excited singlet and triplet states has been discussed in view of the electronic orbital configurations.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제27권12호
• /
• pp.2051-2054
• /
• 2006

The molecular structures of the ground and lowest triplet states of 2,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene (DBH), 2,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-ene (DBO) and their fused ring derivatives are investigated with an ab initio method and the density functional theory. Unlike the singlet DBH and DBO, the azo skeletal structures of the triplet counterparts are turned out to be quite sensitive to the change of the electronic structure of the fused ring. The B3LYP C-N=N-C dihedral angles of the triplet DBH and DBO are estimated to be about 28.0 and $40.4{^{\circ}}$, respectively. The B3LYP singlet-triplet energy gaps for DBH and DBO are predicted to be 58.4 and 48.4 kcal/mol, respectively. The triplet state energy can be lowered drastically by the presence of the remote $\Pi-\Pi$ interaction as in the case of 1bb'.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.40-43
• /
• 2016

Beam trajectory is needed to be controlled in heavy ion accelerator system. Quadruple magnets are widely used in heavy ion accelerator for focusing the transporting particles. A quadruple triplet system which consists of three consecutive quadrupoles, Q1, Q2 and Q3, is used to control beam trajectory at a focused position. Q1 and Q3 have symmetry with respect to Q2. The beam trajectory in magnet system is affected by higher order fields existed in real fields. For quadrupoles, the representation simulation of beam trajectory was carried out to study the beam trajectory and to estimate an effect of higher order field in triplet system. SCALA program was used to simulate the beam trajectory in $Opera^{TM}$. SCALA can analyze a large number of beam trajectories at the same time by adjusting the size of finite element of the emitter. With $Opera^{TM}$ and $Matlab^{TM}$ programs, the position of focused beam spot in quadruple triplet system can be increased or decreased using evolution strategy (ES) method, therefore the length of triplet system can be controlled. Finally, the quadruple triplet system with the appropriate length and expected beam spot range was suggested in this paper.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.88-94
• /
• 2019

삼중항-삼중항 소멸에 의한 광에너지 상향전환 기술(triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion, TTA-UC)은 특정 조건을 만족시키는 유기물들의 에너지 전달 및 융합 과정에 의해 저에너지의 광자를 고에너지의 광자로 변환시키는 신개념 에너지 전환기술이다. 본 연구에서는 실리카 마이크로입자(silica microparticle, SM)를 UC가 구현되는 폴리우레탄 박막 내에 담지 시켜 입사되는 광원의 광산란 효과를 도모함으로써 TTA-UC 효율을 향상시키고, 그 기작에 대해 탐구하였다. Seeded growth method를 통하여 약 950 nm의 균일한 크기를 갖는 SM을 합성하였으며, UC 박막 내에 담지 된 SM의 농도를 증가시킴에 따라 635 nm 광원 조사 시 430-570 nm 영역에서의 UC 세기가 최대 1.64배 증가함을 확인하였다. 삼중항 lifetime 측정을 통하여 광감응제 PdTPBP와 전자수용체 perylene 간의 triplet-triplet energy transfer(TTET) 효율을 분석한 결과, 박막 내에 담지 된 SM이 chromophore 간의 TTET에 미치는 영향은 미미한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 입사 강도-UC 세기의 상관관계를 분석하여 TTA-UC 효율을 분석한 결과, SM이 박막 내에 존재할 경우 UC 양자효율이 최대 1.5배 향상됨을 확인하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제33권11호
• /
• pp.3879-3882
• /
• 2012

• 한국음향학회지
• /
• 제34권6호
• /
• pp.479-486
• /
• 2015

삼중 선 배열은 좌/우 구분된 표적 방위 탐지와 선 배열의 높은 지향지수와 같은 장점을 지닌다. 그러나 이를 구현하기 위해서는 선 배열 대비 높은 연산능력과 센서 간의 좁은 간격으로 인한 높은 센서 간 상관관계를 고려하여야 한다. 연산능력은 급격한 하드웨어의 발달로 다양한 적응빔형성 기법 / 신호처리 기법을 적용하기에 문제가 없으나, 적용 가능한 최적의 신호처리 기법을 파악하고 표적 탐지 능력을 향상시키기 위해서는 수중에서 운용하는 삼중 선 배열로 수신되는 잡음 신호에 대한 센서 간 상관관계에 대한 분석이 필수적으로 수행되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 동해에서 획득한 실험 데이터를 이용하여 삼중 선 배열을 구성하는 삼중 센서의 각 센서간 잡음 신호의 상관관계, 선형으로 나열된 삼중 센서 잡음 신호간 상관관계, 각 채널에서의 잡음 신호의 시변 특성 분석을 수행하였다. 도출된 결과를 바탕으로 삼중 선 배열의 특성을 고려한 빔형성 및 신호처리 기법에 필요한 정보를 확인하였다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제55권6호
• /
• pp.731-744
• /
• 2017

삼중항-삼중항 소멸에 의한 광에너지 상향전환 기술(Triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion, TTA-UC)은 특정 에너지 조건을 만족시키는 유기물들의 조합에 의해 낮은 에너지의 광자를 높은 에너지의 광자로 변환시키는 특수한 광화학적 공정이다. TTA-UC는 태양광 스펙트럼 중 낮은 에너지 탓에 활용되지 못하고 소실되는 광자를 고 에너지의 광자로 변환시킴으로써 태양광에 기반한 광학기기들의 광에너지 전환효율을 획기적으로 향상시킬 수 있는 기술로 평가받고 있다. 본 논문은 아직 국내학계에 생소한 연구분야인 TTA-UC현상의 광화학적 원리와 특징을 소개하고, TTA-UC와 관련한 최신 연구동향과 응용분야, 그리고 향후 연구방향을 고찰하였다.

• Journal of Photoscience
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.141-145
• /
• 1996

The heat generated by nonradiative decay dynamics induces thermal lens effect. From such an effect, photodynamic properties of solutions can be investigated with two-color pulsed thermal lens experiments which have the time resolution of down to nanoseconds. In this study, using nanosecond two-color thermal lens method, we investigated the triplet state of benzophenone and the singlet oxygen state dynamics in various oxygen concentration solvents. The measured triplet state lifetimes, singlet oxygen relaxation times and singlet oxygen formation quantum yields are in good agreement with the reference values. From these parameters the existence of the triplet exciplex formation between benzophenone and benzene is proved, and it is also suggested that the relaxations of triplet states of benzophenone undergo coupled dynamics with some of singlet oxygens in oxygen-rich conditions.