• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.79 no.4
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• pp.201-206
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• 2016

Active tuberculosis (TB) has a greater burden of TB bacilli than latent TB and acts as an infection source for contacts. Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is the state in which humans are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis without any clinical symptoms, radiological abnormality, or microbiological evidence. TB is transmissible by respiratory droplet nucleus of $1-5{\mu}m$ in diameter, containing 1-10 TB bacilli. TB transmission is affected by the strength of the infectious source, infectiousness of TB bacilli, immunoresistance of the host, environmental stresses, and biosocial factors. Infection controls to reduce TB transmission consist of managerial activities, administrative control, engineering control, environmental control, and personal protective equipment provision. However, diagnosis and treatment for LTBI as a national TB control program is an important strategy on the precondition that active TB is not missed. Therefore, more concrete evidences for LTBI management based on clinical and public perspectives are needed.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.241-251
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• 2007

Purpose: To identify the effects on tuberculosis mortality of a tuberculosis control program conducted at 108 community health centers in terms of structure and process. Methods: The dependent variable was tuberculosis mortality, and the independent variables were the structure(type of centers, staff, nurses, doctors, budget) and process(chest X-ray checking, immunization, case detection, health education, patients registering & managing) of the tuberculosis control programs at the community health centers. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and stepwise regression analysis. Result: Tuberculosis morality was positively correlated with type of centers(rural area)(p<0.01), but negatively correlated with type of centers(large cities) (p<0.01), (middle cities)(p<0.05), staff FTE(p<0.05), and number of nurses(p<0.05). Regression analysis indicated that type of centers(rural area)($\beta$=0.457) and case detection($\beta$=0.234) had a significant effect on tuberculosis mortality. Conclusion: Ultimately, this study will provide information to improve the effectiveness of tuberculosis control programs in community health centers.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.181-188
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• 1992

The incidence of the cutaneous tuberculosis has shown a steady decline over the past decades. This parallels the decreasing incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. We experienced 5 cases of cutaneous tuberculosis from January 1990 to February 1991. We present herin 4 cases of cutaneous tuberculosis. They were 3 cases of vulgaris and 1 case of tuberculosis verrucosa cutis. Mantoux tests were done except one case and were reactive in all cases. Culture for Mycobactelium tuberculosis were done but Mycobacterium tuberculosis were not cultivated in the all cases. Histopathological findings showed tuberculoid granulomas in the dermis except one case and no acid fast bacilli were demonstrated on AFB stains.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.79 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2016

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in South Korea. The Joint Committee for the Development of Korean Guidelines for Tuberculosis published the Korean Guidelines for Tuberculosis in 2011 to provide evidence-based practical recommendations to health care workers caring for patients with TB in South Korea. After reviewing recent national and international scientific data on TB, the committee updated the Korean guidelines for TB in 2014. This article presents some practical issues related to the 2014 updated guidelines: namely use of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis-polymerase chain reaction assay and the Xpert MTB/RIF assay in the diagnosis of TB, as well as medical treatment for patients with multidrug-resistant TB.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.119-136
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• 2021

Objectives : The Korean Medical concept Nochae(勞瘵) has been identified as tuberculosis, which is defined as an infectious disease caused by Myobacterium Tuberculosis. However, this identification requires re-examination. Methods : The historical context of tuberculosis was examined, followed by examination of Nochae(勞瘵) as explained in the classical medical texts. The findings were compared. Results : Before tuberculosis was defined by Myobacterium Tuberculosis, there were various discussions on the disease, which overlapped greatly with Nochae(勞瘵). On the other hand, there were notable distinctions as well, which suggest key characteristics of Nochae(勞瘵). Conclusions : Tuberculosis pre-bacteria was understood as a consumptive and infectious disease manifested in symptoms in the Lungs. Nochae(勞瘵) was not defined by its lesion but rather within the contexts of deficiency-fatigue and being caused by parasites called Chung(蟲). Moreover, emotional fatigue was understood as the main cause of Nochae(勞瘵).

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1998

As the result of epidemiological analysis on bovine tuberculosis in Kyonggi province during the last ten years(1987-1996), 1. The annual incidence number of bovine tuberculosis positive farms in Kyonggi province fell down from 81 in 1987 to 14 in 1989. But the incidence is increased since 1990, in 1995 the incidence number was 102 farms of the most incidence. Total number of bovine tuberculosis positive farms were 456 farms(56.7%) in Kyonggi province during the 1987-1996 period. 2. The developmental trends of bovine tuberculosis positive heads was similiar to that of positive farms. Since 1993, the incidence was suddenly increased. Total number of bovine tuberculosis positive heads were 1,015 head(64.3%) in Kyonggi province during the 10 years. 3. Average incidence for rate during the last ten years(1987-1996) was 0.10%. The positive rate was suddenly increased since 1993 and in 1996, the positive rate was 0.23% of the highest incidence. 4. Regional Incidence number of bovine tuberculosis positive heads in Kyonggi province during the last seven years(1990-1996) was the most in Hwasung, Pochon, Pyungtek in order of Incidence and bovine tuberculosis positive density was 1.297% of the highest in Buchon. 5. In 244 farms(82.4%), bovine tuberculosis first occurred during the last seven years (1990-1996) but in farms over second occurrence, the number of bovine tuberculosis positive heads were 520 heads(58.2%).

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 2020

Tuberculosis is airborne disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Host genetic factors of these tuberculosis play an important role in determining individual difference in susceptibility or resistance to infectious diseases including tuberculosis. CD247 is named CD3zeta chain or CD3ζ. CD247 gene is a protein-coding gene involved in phagocytosis and signal transduction of the T cell receptor (TCR). Also, downregulation of the CD3ζ chain has been associated to chronic inflammation. The aim of this study was to research association of the genetic polymorphisms for CD247 gene and tuberculosis. We analyzed association of CD247 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis using 149 imputed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with Korean population. And the results of this study show that seven SNPs of CD247 were identified to associate with tuberculosis. The most significant SNP was rs858545 (OR=1.22, CI: 1.05~1.42, P=0.009481). This study suggests that polymorphisms of CD247 may affect the T cell receptor signaling pathway, which may associate the infection of tuberculosis.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.31 no.4 s.63
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• pp.814-827
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• 1998

In this study we analyzed the insurance claims data to investigate the medical care utilization pattern of tuberculosis patients in private sector. We selected the claims of principal or secondary diagnosis with tuberculosis from claims database of National federation of Medical Insurance, from December 1995 to November 1996. Both spell-based analysis and person-based analysis were carried out. In spell-based analysis, type and location of treatment facilities, distribution of diagnoses, number of outpatient/inpatient treatments were analyzed. Additionally in person-based analysis, number of tuberculosis patients, demographic characteristics, number of treatments per person, frequency and pattern of change in source of care were analyzed. The results were as follows 1. The number of treatments with tuberculosis was 863,641 from 1 December 1995 to 30 November 1996. The number of patients was 313.964. 2. Most of tuberculosis patients in private sector were treated in general hospital (45.8%) and clinics(42.2%) 3. About 77.7% of tuberculosis patients who were treated more than two times did not change the source of care. 18,9% of tuberculosis patients changed source of care only once. Even when we limited tuberculosis patient to those who were treated more than five times and whose treatment period were longer than six months, 94.7% of patients did not change source of care at all, or changed treatment facility only once. 4. The probability of change in source of rare was higher in pulmonary tuberculosis, in twenties, and in rural area respectively than other tuberculosis. In conclusion, healer shopping of tuberculosis patients was not serious as expected. However special attention is needed to pulmonary tuberculosis in twenties and rural area.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.245-249
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• 1991

Surgical intervention for pumlmonary tuberculosis has been controverted for last several decades. Although it is widely held that the chemotherapy is the best modality for treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, surgical intervention has still some roles in well elected circumstance. At the National Kongju Tuberculosis Hospital in Korea, we performed a retrospective case Cohort study through the regular follow-up of 463 cases, who underwent the surgical intervention for pulmonary tuberculosis between January 1986 and April 1990. The results were as follows: 1) The male to female ratio was 1.8:1 and 84.4% of the patients were between 20 and 49 years of age. 2) According to the NAT classification, 6 cases (1.3%) were minimal, 216 (46.7%) moderately advanced and 241 (52%) far advanced. 3) One hundred and thirty four cases (28.9%) had the treatment history of 5 to 10 years and 129 cases (27.9%) of 3 to 4 years. 4) As for the pathologic entities, 172 cases (37.1%) had the totally destroyed lung and 137 (29.6%) destroyed lobe or segment. 5) A total of 238 cases (51.4%) underwent pneumonectomy and 153 (33.0%) lobectomy. 6) As the post-operative complications, 21 cases (4.5%) had empyema and 11 (2.4%) bleeding. The rate of complication after pneumonectomy and lobectomy was 5.8% and 3.2%, respectively. 7) Six cases (1.3%) died post-operatively. 8) Out of 238 cases with pre-operative positivity for AFB, 212 achieved the negative conversion, its rate being 89.1%. It follows from these results that although it has a limit, surgical intervention may play an important role in treating some patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.74-87
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• 1995

This study was to investigate the current prevention Mechanism of tuberculosis infection and to find out how nursing teachers handle against tuberculosis infection. The objectives of this study was to aid in better treatment and maintenance of those infected-students and help students to prevent the disease by themselves. The subjects of this research were 78 students who were proved to be infected at tuberculosis by the test result of each high school and 35 nursing teachers who retain those 78 infected students. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The infection rete of tuberculosis and the general characteristics of the infected students at Girls' High School: There are approximately 33 and 50 tuberculosis-infected cases in 1992 and 1993. The tuberculosisinfection rate were 0.12% in 1992, while the infection rate were 0.17% in 1993. The infection rate for academic Girls' High School stucents were 51.3%, while that of vocational Girls' High school students were 48.7%, About 30.8% of respondents have a family history of tuberculosis infection. 2. The current management system of tuberculosis treatment: It was reported that 59.0% of respondents out of total cases were in the process of treatment, and 41% of them were recovered (from tuberculosis). 55.1% of respondents use health center as their most frequent treatment location. 57.5% of academic Girls' High School and 47.4% of vocational Girls' high shool reported inconsistent meals while curing tuberculosis. In terms of taking medicine, 55.1% reported inconsistently. 3. The current management system of nursing teachers; Approximately 57.1% of nursing teachers were at academic Girls' High School. while 42.9% were at vocational Girls' High School. While treating tuberculosis, 85.7% of nursing teachers checked the consistent medicine-taking, 54. 3% of them checked the side effects of medicine, 80% of them consulted with students, while only 25. 7% of them check the school attendance. This study also finds out that we have underestimated the importance of tuberculosis treatment and health education at the shool level, it has not been effective enough for students to recognize the importance of tuberculosis. It is our assertion that nursing teachers should have paid much more attention to tuberculosis itself and infected-cases.