• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.32 no.12
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• pp.15-22
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• 2016

The magnitude of the lateral resistance that resists the lateral movement of the pile is controlled by the amount of the pile movement and the strength and stiffness of soil. In this paper, we proposed an equation which produces the ultimate lateral resistance of the laterally loaded single pile in sand using the strain wedge model of the soil deformation. The ultimate lateral resistance in strain wedge model is composed of earth pressure of wedge rear, the shear resistance on the side of the wedge, and the frictional resistance between pile and ground. The ultimate lateral resistance determined by the proposed equation was compared with the Ashour, F.D.M., field test in sand. As a result, the error of the proposed equation and Ashour theory, field test, F.D.M were respectively 1.03%, 0.40~3.32%, 6.02%.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2008.03a
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• pp.1083-1086
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• 2008

In this study, Estimate solutions of ultimate lateral resistances for lateral loaded piles are proposed using cone penetration values, $q_c$ values, as CPT results. Cone penetration values, $q_c$ values measured on clean sand layers, are represented by factors for relative densities, axial stresses, and lateral stresses which are important on analysis of sandy soil layers. Also, these factors are same factors to consider existed estimations of ultimate lateral capacity. In this study, estimation of ultimate lateral capacity for lateral loaded piles using CPT results is proposed, and this estimation is verified by adequate analysis for effective reliability.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.37-44
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• 2009

In this study, estimation methodology for the pile of ultimation lateral resistance, pu, and ultimate lateral capacity, Pu, is based on the CPT cone resistance $q_c$. Preexistent methodologies for ultimate lateral resistance and ultimate lateral capacity have been generally represented with relative density, vertical effective stresses, and various $K_0$ values which are important for analyzing sandy soil. These methodologies, however, did not consider the horizontal effective stress and the effects of construction site conditions. Therefore, CPT-based methodology for the estimation of the ultimate lateral pile load capacity Hu was proposed. Calibration chamber test results were analyzed and compared with calculated results. The proposed estimation methodology for the pile of $p_u$ can be effectively utilized as alternative to preexistent methods.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2008.03a
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• pp.366-376
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• 2008

The model tests of short pile with very small pile length/diameter(L/D) were performed in this paper. Varying the pile diameter, length, and the lateral loading point, the lateral resistance and behavior of very short pile were studied in this model tests. The experimental and analytical results are as follows. The lateral ultimate resistance of short pile in sands was the maximum at the point of h/L=0.75, regardless of pile length/diameter(L/D). As the pile diameter is larger, the lateral ultimate resistance of pile with L/D=1 decreases a little and the lateral resistance increases according to the ratio of pile length/diameter. As the lateral loads are acting on the pile, the displacement of pile head is maximum at the pile top of h/L=0, but minimum at the middle point of the pile. And if the loading point is under the middle of pile, the displacement of pile head occurs oposite in the loading direction, but its magnitude is very small.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.71-77
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• 2008

In this study, CPT-based methodology for estimating the ultimate lateral resistance, $p_u$, is proposed and verified for lateral loaded piles in sandy soil. Preexistent methods estimating the ultimate lateral resistance, $p_u$, and the ultimate lateral capacity, $H_u$, of pile have been based on the vertical effective stress, relative density, and the coefficient of lateral earth pressure. Similarly, cone resistance $q_c$ in pure sandy soil is expressed by those essential factors. As correlation between $p_u$ and $q_c$ are normalized with average effective stress ${\sigma}_m$, estimation methodology for the lateral loaded pile of $p_u$ in sandy soil is proposed. The method is verified by calibration chamber test results in pure sand. The standard derivation of estimated $p_u$ is 0.279, and COV (Coefficient Of Variation) of estimated $p_u$ is 0.272. These results showed that the estimated pus by the method are analogous with the measured $p_us$ in calibration chamber test.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.267-274
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• 2021

Among several methods for determining the allowable lateral resistances of piles, the subgrade reaction method and ultimate lateral resistance method are generally used. To determine the effects of the soil conditions, pile head restraint conditions, and pile lengths on determining the allowable lateral resistances of piles, computations of the allowable lateral resistances of piles using the two methods were executed, and the computation results were compared. For piles in soft cohesive soil, the pile design is governed by the allowable lateral resistance of a pile from subgrade soil reaction method regardless of the pile head restraints conditions and pile lengths. The allowable lateral resistance of a pile from the ultimate lateral resistance governs the design as the undrained shear strength increases. Except for the case of a short pile, which is installed in loose granular soil, the allowable lateral resistance of a pile from ultimate lateral resistance governs the design of laterally loaded piles. According to this study, computation of the ultimate lateral resistance of a pile is needed, even though some opinions suggest that the design of a laterally loaded pile is satisfied only by the subgrade reaction method. The pile width barely influences the coefficient of horizontal subgrade reaction. Realistically, the effect of the pile width can be disregarded in the condition of common pile widths of 20~90cm.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.21-30
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• 1987

Some methods are presented to estimate the ultimate lateral resistance of single active piles subjected to lateral loads above the ground surface, considering the lateral soil reaction, the pile length and the fixity condition of a pile head. The lateral soil reaction acting on a single active pile embedded in soil due to pile movement can be estimated by use of a theoretical equation which is derived by considering especially the plastic state of ground surrounding the pile and the pile- section shape. The piles are named short or long depending upon the relative magnitude of the induced bending moment to the yielding moment. As for the fixity condition of a pile head, the free head and the unrotated head are considered. Comparison with other experimental results gives that the calculated ultimate lateral resistance obtained by the author's theory is closer to experimental results than the one obtained by Brom's theory.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.4205-4209
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• 2011

Numerical analysis were executed in order to investigate ultimate lateral resistance of roots of vegetation. Ultimate lateral resistances of roots obtained from the assumed values of cohesions were distributed between the values of the two kinds of the existing studies. The ultimate lateral resistance values were more close to those by the bearing capacity solution than those by the cavity expansion theory. Coefficient of bearing capacity determined by the numerical analysis was 33. Yielding displacements obtained from the numerical analysis were 0.08~0.29 times of the diameter of the root and those were overall close to the value of the existing study which was undertaken for the pile diameter of 1 cm.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.683-690
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• 2008

Steel-concrete composite columns are popular for superstructures of bridges, and the outside steel attached to the shaft increases the shaft resistance due to confining concrete. In this study, lateral resistance of steel-concrete composite drilled shafts was evaluated quantitatively based on numerical analysis when steel casings are used as structural elements like composite columns. Ultimate lateral resistance of composite drilled shafts with various diameters was numerically calculated through 3D finite element analysis. For that, elasto-plastic model with perfectly plasticity is involved to capture the ultimate load. A commercial FEM program, MIDAS-GTS, is used in this study. Real field conditions of the West Coast, Korea were considered to set up the ground conditions and pile lengths required for this parametric studies. Detailed characteristics of the stress and displacement distributions are evaluated for better understanding the mechanisms of the composite shaft behavior.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.183-190
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• 1998