• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.447-457
• /
• 1997

Let A be a $C^*$-algebra and $A^**$ its enveloping von Neumann algebra. Pedersen and Akemann developed four concepts of lower semicontinuity for elements of $A^**$. Later, Brown suggested using only three classes: strongly lsc, middle lsc, and weakly lsc. In this paper, we generalize the concept of weak semicontinuity [1, 3] to the case of unbounded operators affiliated with $A^**$. Also we consider the generalized version of the conditions of the Brown's theorem [3, Proposition 2.2 & 3.27] for unbounded operators.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.385-392
• /
• 2003

The sum Of L - R fuzzy numbers With Unbounded Supports based on Archimedean continuous f-norm T is considered. Results are more simple than those of the case for bounded supports.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.54 no.1
• /
• pp.215-223
• /
• 2017

In this paper, we establish results about operators similar to their adjoints. This is carried out in the setting of bounded and also unbounded operators on a Hilbert space. Among the results, we prove that an unbounded closed operator similar to its adjoint, via a cramped unitary operator, is self-adjoint. The proof of this result works also as a new proof of the celebrated result by Berberian on the same problem in the bounded case. Other results on similarity of hyponormal unbounded operators and their self-adjointness are also given, generalizing well known results by Sheth and Williams.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
• /
• 2001.11a
• /
• pp.341-348
• /
• 2001

A Mixed Volume and Boundary Integral Equation Method is applied for the effective analysis of plane elastostatic problems in unbounded solids containing general anisotropic inclusions and voids or isotropic inclusions. It should be noted that this newly developed numerical method does not require the Green's function for anisotropic inclusions to solve this class of problems since only Green's function for the unbounded isotropic matrix is involved in their formulation for the analysis. This new method can also be applied to general two-dimensional elastodynamic and elastostatic problems with arbitrary shapes and number of anisotropic inclusions and voids or isotropic inclusions. Through the analysis of plane elastostatic problems in unbounded isotropic matrix with orthotropic inclusions and voids or isotropic inclusions, it will be established that this new method is very accurate and effective for solving plane elastic problems in unbounded solids containing general anisotropic inclusions and voids or isotropic inclusions.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.29-43
• /
• 2012

Financial data such as stock index returns and exchange rates have the properties of heavy tail and asymmetry compared to normal distribution. When we estimate VaR using the GARCH model (with the conditional return distribution of normal) it shows the tendency of the lower estimation and clustering in the losses over the estimated VaR. In this paper, we argue that this problem can be resolved through the adaptation of the unbounded Johnson distribution as that of the condition return. We also compare this model with the GARCH with the conditional return distribution of normal and student-t. Using the losses exceed the ex-ante VaR, estimates, we check the validity of the GARCH models through the failure proportion test and the clustering test. We nd that the GARCH model with conditional return distribution of unbounded Johnson provides an appropriate estimation of the VaR and does not occur the clustering of violations.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.2292-2309
• /
• 2017

Ciphertext policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) is a useful cryptographic technology for guaranteeing data confidentiality but also fine-grained access control. Typically, CP-ABE can be divided into two classes: small universe with polynomial attribute space and large universe with unbounded attribute space. Since the learning with errors over rings (R-LWE) assumption has characteristics of simple algebraic structure and simple calculations, based on R-LWE, we propose a small universe CP-ABE scheme to improve the efficiency of the scheme proposed by Zhang et al. (AsiaCCS 2012). On this basis, to achieve unbounded attribute space and improve the expression of attribute, we propose a large universe CP-ABE scheme with the help of a full-rank differences function. In this scheme, all polynomials in the R-LWE can be used as values of an attribute, and these values do not need to be enumerated at the setup phase. Different trapdoors are used to generate secret keys in the key generation and the security proof. Both proposed schemes are selectively secure in the standard model under R-LWE. Comparison with other schemes demonstrates that our schemes are simpler and more efficient. R-LWE can obtain greater efficiency, and unbounded attribute space means more flexibility, so our research is suitable in practices.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.23 no.11 s.170
• /
• pp.1993-2006
• /
• 1999

A Volume Integral Equation Method (VIEM) is applied for the effective analysis of elastic wave scattering problems and plane elastostatic problems in unbounded solids containing general anisotropic inclusions. It should be noted that this newly developed numerical method does not require the Green's function for anisotropic inclusions to solve this class of problems since only Green's function for the unbounded isotropic matrix is involved in their formulation for the analysis. This new method can also be applied to general two-dimensional elastodynamic and elastostatic problems with arbitrary shapes and number of anisotropic inclusions and voids. Through the analysis of plane elastodynamic and elastostatic problems in unbounded isotropic matrix with orthotropic inclusions and voids, it will be established that this new method is very accurate and effective for solving plane elastic problems in unbounded solids containing general anisotropic inclusions and voids.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.15-25
• /
• 2021

Numerical studies on the hydrodynamics of a freely falling rigid sphere in bounded and unbounded water domains are presented having investigation on the drag coefficient, normalized velocity, surface pressure and skin friction coefficient as a function of time. Two different conditions of the bounded and unbounded domains have been simulated by setting the blockage ratio. Four cases of bounded domains (B.R. = 1%, 25%, 45%, 55%, 65% and 75%) have been taken, whereas the unbounded domain has been considered with 0.01%. In the case of the bounded domain (higher values of B.R.), a substantial reduction in normalized velocity and increase in the drag coefficient have been found in presence of the bounded domain. Moreover, bounded domains also yield a significant increase in the pressure coefficient when the sphere is partially submerged, but the insignificant effect is found on the skin friction coefficient. In the case of the unbounded domain, a significant reduction in normalized velocity occurs with a decrease in Reynolds number (Re) and also increase in the drag coefficient.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.39 no.6
• /
• pp.931-951
• /
• 2002

We extend the construction of Dirichlet forms and Markovian semigroups on standard forms of von Neumann algebra given in [13] to the case of unbounded operators satiated with the von Neumann algebra. We then apply our result to give Dirichlet forms associated to the momentum and position operators on quantum mechanical systems.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
• /
• v.27 no.5_6
• /
• pp.1049-1059
• /
• 2009

Continuous t-norm based shape preserving additions of LR-fuzzy intervals with unbounded support is studied. The case for bounded support, which was a conjecture suggested by Mesiar in 1997, was proved by the author in 2002 and 2008. In this paper, we give a necessary and sufficient conditions for a continuous t-norm T that induces DR-shape preserving addition of LR-fuzzy intervals with unbounded support. Some of the results can be deduced from the results given in the paper of Mesiar in 1997. But, we give direct proofs of the results.