• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.39-43
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• 2005

The present study was carried out to investigate the skin irritation potential of oregano oil in rabbits. A volume of 0.5 ml of test article was applied to intact and abraded skins, respectively, for 24 h in 6 healthy male New Zealand White rabbits. Parameters measured during 72 h observation period were mortality, clinical signs, body weight changes, and local irritation. Treatment-related toxic symptoms, as evidenced by anorexia and decreased locomotor activity, were observed in all rabbits tested. Two rabbits out of the 6 total died on day 2 after the application of test article due to treatment-related toxicity. The mean body weight of test animals decreased progressively during the 72 h observation period. All animals showed very slight edema at 24 h and then recovered at 72 h. These animals also showed very slight to severe erythema and/or slight eschar formation at both 24 h and 72 h. The eschar formation induced by oregano oil was not recovered at the end of additional 11-day recovery period. Based on these results, it was concluded that a single dermal application of the undiluted oregano oil caused an increased incidence of clinical signs and death and a decrease in the body weight and showed a primary irritation index score of 2.79 indicating moderate irritation.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.128-132
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• 2011

Holter monitoring has been recognized as an useful noninvasive instrument for monitoring the cardiac electrical activity over 24 to 48 hours. Because the surface electrocardiogram (ECG) is recorded only for several seconds to minutes, it often misses or underestimates the underlying arrhythmia. The surface ECG is also easily influenced by depolarization potentials from skeletal muscle by the movement of patient (especially muscle tremor). However, holter monitoring is less affected by such factors. There has been no precedential report in veterinary medicine applying digital holter monitor with unipolar precordial chest lead using 4 electrodes. This article describes its clinical indications, equipment and technical application method in dogs.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.189-199
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• 2009

With the growing importance of evidence-based medicine, clinical or biomedical research relies critically on the validity and reliability of data, and the subsequent statistical inferences for medical decision-making may lead to valid conclusion. Despite widespread use of analytical techniques in papers published in the Journal of Veterinary Clinics statistical errors particularly in design of experiments, research methodology or data analysis methods are commonly encountered. These flaws often leading to misinterpretation of the data, thereby, subjected to inappropriate conclusions. This article is the first in a series of nontechnical introduction designed not to systemic review of medical statistics but intended to provide the journal readers with an understanding of common statistical concepts, including data scale, selection of appropriate statistical methods, descriptive statistics, data transformation, confidence interval, the principles of hypothesis testing, sampling distribution, and interpretation of results.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.219-226
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• 2004

Cacti of the genus Opuntia, which are widely distributed throughout Latin America, South Africa, the Mediterranean, and Korea, have been used not only as ornamental plants but also for their medicinal value. For example, Opuntia spp. have traditionally been used as hypoglycemic plants for treating diabetes mellitus. In this article, we review published papers dealing with the biological and medicinal properties of Opuntia spp.

• BMB Reports
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.141-148
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• 2014

Bone is an active tissue, in which bone formation by osteoblast is followed by bone resorption by osteoclasts, in a repeating cycle. Proteomics approaches may allow the detection of changes in cell signal transduction, and the regulatory mechanism of cell differentiation. LC-MS/MS-based quantitative methods can be used with labeling strategies, such as SILAC, iTRAQ, TMT and enzymatic labeling. When used in combination with specific protein enrichment strategies, quantitative proteomics methods can identify various signaling molecules and modulators, and their interacting proteins in bone metabolism, to elucidate biological functions for the newly identified proteins in the cellular context. In this article, we will briefly review recent major advances in the application of proteomics for bone biology, especially from the aspect of cellular signaling.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.6.1-6.6
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• 2021

Stem cell-based products (SCPs) are an emerging field of veterinary medicine that focuses on the regeneration, repair, or replacement of damaged tissues or organs. However, there are some issues in applying the traditional regulatory guideline for the approval of SCPs as veterinary medicinal products. This article describes the positions of Korea, US, and EU regarding SCPs, and compares the regulatory guidelines of each country for their safety evaluation. Although there are some differences in the regulatory guidelines, similar considerations in identifying the quality of SCPs and their safety has adopted. Overall, these guidelines need to be harmonized among countries.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.315-327
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• 2010

A vast increase of antibiotics usage in concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) over the last few decades has led to an environmental risk due to the presence of antibiotic residuals in different environmental compartments. Especially in Korea, the use of antibiotics in CAFOs is much greater than in other developed countries. One of the primary adverse impacts of antibiotic residuals in the environment is that they readily produce antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB), which exert detrimental effects on the ecosystem as well as human health. In this article, the impacts of veterinary antibiotic residuals with regard to their quantification and management, and desirable remediation technologies have been widely reviewed. This review article concluded that the continuous monitoring should be required to ensure the safety of antibiotic residuals in the surrounding environments. Furthermore, the management guidelines of antibiotic residuals need to be developed in the future.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.401-407
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• 2009

In the previous article in this series we introduced the basic concepts for statistical analysis. The present review introduces hypothesis testing for continuous and categorical data for readers of the veterinary science literature. For the analysis of continuous data, we explained t-test to compare a single mean with a hypothesized value and the difference between two means from two independent samples or between two means arising from paired samples. When the data are categorical variables, the $x^2$ test for association and homogeneity, Fisher's exact test and Yates' continuity correction for small samples, and test for trend, in which at least one of the variables is ordinal is described, together with the worked examples. McNemar test for correlated proportions is also discussed. The topics covered may provide a basic understanding of different approaches for analyzing clinical data.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.71-78
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• 2010

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is a method to analyze the data from the experimental designs comparing two or more groups or treatments at the same time, and is the most effective tool of analyzing more complex data sets with different source of variations. This article describes the logic of ANOVA, the application of the method to the analysis of a simple data set, and the methods available for performing planned or post hoc multiple comparisons between the treatments means. In addition, the common misuse of the techniques is also discussed to emphasize that an inappropriate statistical analysis is potentially far more harmful than poorly conducted research. Lastly, an example is given for illustration purposes.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.357-361
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• 2008

Although power analysis is of important tool of research, investigators in veterinary medicine are unaware of the concepts of the statistical power. Two types of error occur in classical hypothesis testing and, those errors should be avoided, if possible. Since power is highly dependent on the sample size, whenever declaring non-statistically significant result they should consider the potential for committing a Type II error in their studies, which refers to the probability of falsely stating that two treatments are equivalent despite true difference between them. Also, sample size determination is one of the most important tasks facing the researcher when planning a diagnostic study, and provides valuable information on the characteristics of a test performance. This type of analysis forms the basis for proper interpretation of test results. The aim of this article was to re-evaluate some selected studies on diagnostic test reported in the domestic veterinary publications to determine the power and necessary sample size for inequality testing to ensure the desired power. Power calculations were illustrated using real-life examples of comparison of a new test and a reference test for detecting antibodies of various animal diseases. Factors affecting to the power were also discussed.