• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.239-268
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• 2019

Since last several decades, iconic memory has been accepted theoretically valid for its role of the first storage mechanism in visual memory process. However, there have been relatively less interests in iconic memory among researchers than their interests in visual short- and long-term memory. Such little interests seem to arise from a lack of detailed understandings of theories and methodologies about iconic memory and visual persistence. This study aimed to achieve the understandings by reviewing theories and empirical studies of iconic memory and visual persistence. The study further discussed future direction of iconic memory research according to the essential aspects of phenomenological and ecological criticisms against the validity of iconic memory.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.301-306
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• 2023

Attention is a fundamental aspect in the cognitive process of human. Cognitive system of human body requires to focus on selected information among a vast amount of information from sensory organs. It has widely studied that various environmental factors affected the level of attention; however, few researches have aimed to the effect of direct cryotherapy. In this research, level of attention was studied comparing sub-indexes of FAIR test between groups with different duration of direct cryotheapy to the back of neck. FAIR test is a evaluation tool for visual attention consisting of three sub-indexes. Selective attention, accuracy of attention, and persistence of attention can be independently analyzed by FAIR test. In the analysis of selective attention, cryotherapy for 5 to 20 minutes showed higher result than cryotherapy for 40 minutes. In the analysis of persistence of attention, cryotherapy for 5 to 15 minutes showed higher result than cryotherapy for 40 minutes. Overall, selective attention and persistence of attention turns out to be maximized between 5 to 20 minutes of cryotherapy and tends to decrease afterwards. However, accuracy of attention does not seem to be affected by the duration of cryotherapy. Correlation between selective attention and the skin temperature by cryotherapy tends to be negative supporting the findings by ANOVA and post-hoc test. Correlation between persistence of attention and the skin temperature showed similar results.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.117-127
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to present the conditions and methods for keeping the sustainability of the landscape resources of the East Coast of Gangwon province, the Republic of Korea by investigating the landscape resources management in the area and pointing out its problems. The unit of analysis in this study is four cities and two counties located along the national road route seven in Gangwon province. The classification and characteristics of the landscape resources in this area was analyzed by a literature review, and we surveyed the tourists visiting the area and statistically analyzed the data in order to examine their satisfaction with the landscape resources management and make recommendations. The problems of the landscape resources management are: 1) the disturbance of the persistence of life by reclamation, the population reduction in the ecosystem due to the overload in environmental capacity, and the severance of space between land and water. 2) the reduction of the benefits from indirect experience by interfering with the conservation of fluxes --- the manipulation of horizontal arrangement of the landscape resource, the visual disturbance by the construction of high-storied buildings, and the disharmony between the color/image and the environment. The means for keeping sustainability of the landscape resources include the regulations of development and use, the change in the recognition of the value of landscape resources and the moral system, and the improvement of resource management skills.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.192-197
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to present the conditions and methods for keeping the sustainability of the landscape resources of the East Coast of Gangwon province, the republic of Korea by investigating the landscape resources management in the area and pointing out its problems. The problems of the landscape resources management are： 1) the disturbance of the persistence of life by reclamation, the population reduction in the ecosystem due to the overload in environmental capacity, and the severance of space between land and water. 2) the reduction of the benefits from indirect experience by interfering with the conservation of fluxes -- the manipulation of horizontal arrangement of the landscape resource, the visual disturbance by the construction of high-storied buildings, and the disharmony between the color/image and the environment. The means for keeping sustainability of the landscape resources include the regulations of development and use, the change in the recognition of the value of landscape resources and the moral system, and the improvement of resource management skills.

• Korean Association for Visual Culture
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• v.19
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• pp.189-221
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• 2012

This thesis investigates the development of optical instruments in the 19th century, before the birth of the cinema, and the principle of the perception of moving images. For this purpose it traces the development stages of the optical instruments which demonstrated 'illusion of movement' from 1820s when the 'persistence of vision' had begun to be researched by scientists. Then, it examines the theory of the 'persistence of vision' or 'afterimage effect' known as the principle in the perception of illusion of movement produced from moving images. The optical instruments in the 19th century that presented the illusion of movement began with the Thaumatrope (double-sided picture disc), and appeared from the Phenakistiscope/Stroboscope (revolving disc), the Zoetrope (revolving drum) and the Praxinoscope (mirror-reflexive revolving drum), and in 1892 the Projection-Praxinoscope presented firstly the moving pictures (animation) on the screen. According to the research of psychology and physiology in the early 20th century it has been recognized that the 'afterimage effect' theory is not sufficient to explain the perception of illusion of movement from the moving images which is closely related to the particularity of the visual perception system of the human eyes. Since then, the Phi-phenomenon suggested 1912 by the Gestalt psychologist, Max Wertheimer (1880-1943), is regarded as the most persuasive theory until now, although it is still imperfect.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.440-441
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• 2004

A volumetric three-dimensional (3D) display system was presented, which utilizes a rotating two-dimensional (2D) display panel of light emitting diodes (LEDs) to generate more than 10 million volume pixels (voxels) within a cylindrical volume of 165 mm in height and 292 mm in diameter. Due to persistence of vision, momentarily addressed voxel information is perceived and fused into a 3D image. Important cues for depth perception, such as binocular parallax, accommodation, convergence and motion parallax are satisfied automatically and naturally, thus it is suitable for individual or group viewing, without the need for any special visual aids.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.76-84
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• 2006

When a human-being gets a wrong perception about any object is a misunderstanding and what they feel through sense of sight is an optical illusion. The study about those illusions have been given out to not only the fields of fine art, design, and animation but also psychology First, this paper puts in order an op art, influenced in fine art and design, and animation using persistence of vision, relating an optical illusion. Second, it analyses the theory of art form using an optical illusion about brightness, saturation, contrast and luminosity of color. Finally, it makes an experiment of standard of perception on students. The study of art form using an optical illusion is another way to represent fine art comparisons and visual image including animation.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.1199-1207
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• 2019

Video surveillance data, which is used for preemptive or post-emptive action against any event or accident, is required for monitoring the location, but is reducing the capacity of the image data by removing intervals for cost reduction and system persistence. Such a video surveillance system is fixed in a certain position and monitors the area only within a limited angle, or monitors only the fixed area without changing the angle. At this time, the video surveillance system that is monitored only within a limited angle shows that the variation object such as the floating population shows different status in the image, and the background of the image maintains a generally constant appearance. The static objects in the image do not need to be stored in all the images, unlike the dynamic objects that must be continuously shot, and occupy a storage space other than the necessary ones. In this paper, we propose a mechanism to analyze the image, store only the small size image for the fixed background, and store it as image data only for variable objects.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.2799-2823
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• 2019

With the help of learning analytics, MOOCs have wider potential to succeed in learning through promoting self-regulated learning (SRL). The current study aims to apply and validate visualization design guidelines for a MOOC dashboard to enhance such SRL capabilities based on learning analytics. To achieve the research objective, a MOOC dashboard prototype, LM-Dashboard, was designed and developed, reflecting the visualization design guidelines to promote SRL. Then, both expert and learner participants evaluated LM-Dashboard through iterations to validate the visualization design guidelines and perceived SRL effectiveness. The results of expert and learner evaluations indicated that most of the visualization design guidelines on LM-Dashboard were valid and some perceived SRL aspects such as monitoring a student's learning progress and assessing their achievements with time management were beneficial. However, some features on LM-Dashboard should be improved to enhance SRL aspects related to achieving their learning goals with persistence. The findings suggest that it is necessary to offer appropriate feedback or tips as well as to visualize learner behaviors and activities in an intuitive and efficient way for the successful cycle of SRL. Consequently, this study contributes to establishing a basis for the visual design of a MOOC dashboard for optimizing each learner's SRL.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.111-119
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• 2019

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine how biofeedback training with Shaker exercise effects the activation of the cervical myocardial muscle in stroke with swallowing disorder. METHODS: From June 2018 to September 2018, 30 patients who were hospitalized at C hospital and K hospital in Daegu, and K hospital in Gumi were surveyed to meet the criteria for selection. The participants were classified into three groups, and Shaker exercise was applied three times a day, five times a week, for four weeks; visuoauditory biofeedback group (VABG), visual biofeedback group (VBG), and self-exercises group (SG). In addition, the suprahyoid muscle activity was performed three times (before intervention, after intervention, and after two weeks). RESULTS: The pre and post-test comparisons, revealed a significant difference between the three groups (p<.01); VABG had the highest suprahyoid muscle activity. The post-test and follow-up test produced similar results in, the three groups (p>.05). The mean comparison showed the smallest difference in VABG, indicating that muscle persistence was the best. CONCLUSION: Shaker exercise has an effect on suprahyoid muscle activation. Biofeedback training, which provides an input of multi-sensory information in swallowing disorder treatment is recommended because it has the greatest effect when combined with visuoauditory biofeedback.