• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.1 no.1 s.1
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• pp.75-78
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• 2005

Although many tests for stabilization of the software have been done, vulnerability test for a system run by combination of the software of various products has not been conducted enough. This has led to increased threats and vulnerability of system. Especially, web-based software system, which is public, has inherent possibility of exposure to attacks and is likely to be seriously damaged by an accident. Consequently, comprehensive and systematic test plans and techniques are required. Moreover, it is necessary to establish a procedure for managing and handling the results of vulnerability test. This paper proposes vulnerability test plans and designs for implementing automated tools, both of which can be complied with on web-based software systems.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.581-592
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• 2015

In the GORRAM, the estimation of resource requirements for wartime equipment is based on the ELCON of the USA. The number of vulnerability groups of ELCON are 22, but unfortunately it is hard to determine how the 22 groups are classified. Thus, in this research we collected 505 types of basic items used in wartime and classified those items into new vulnerability groups using AHP and cluster analysis methods. We selected 11 variables through AHP to classify those items with cluster analysis. Next, we decided the number of vulnerability groups through hierarchical clustering and then we classified 505 types of basic items into the new vulnerability groups through K-means clustering.This paper presents new vulnerability groups of 505 types of basic items fitted to Korean weapon systems. Furthermore, our approach can be applied to a new weapon system which needs to be classified into a vulnerability group. We believe that our approach will provide practitioners in the military with a reliable and rational method for classifying wartime equipment and thus consequentially predict the exact estimation of resource requirements in wartime.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.3 no.3_4
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• pp.365-381
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• 2012

Recent earthquakes have damaged some bridges located on the Pacific Coast of Mexico; these bridges have been retrofitted or rebuilt. Based on the fact that the Pacific Coast is a highly active seismic zone where most of the strong earthquakes in the country occur, one fertile and important area of research is the study of the vulnerability of both new and existent bridges located in this area that can be subjected to strong earthquakes. This work is focused on estimating the contribution of some parameters identified to have major influence on the seismic vulnerability of reinforced concrete bridges. Ten models of typical reinforced concrete (RC) bridges, and two existing bridges located close to the Pacific Coast of Mexico are considered. The group of structures selected for the study is based on two span bridges, two pier heights and two substructure types. The bridges were designed according to recent codes in Mexico. For the vulnerability study, the capacity of the structure was evaluated based on the FEMA recommendations. On the other hand, the demand was evaluated using a group of more than one hundred accelerograms recorded close to the subduction zone of Mexico. The results show that the two existent bridges analyzed show similar trends of behavior of the group of bridge models studied. In spite of the contribution that traditional variables (height and substructure type) had to the bridge seismic response, the bridge length was also found to be one of the parameters that most contributed to the seismic vulnerability of these RC medium-length bridges.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2010.03a
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• pp.927-932
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• 2010

This study made a nationwide metropolitan region map on the basis of disaster vulnerability and administrative boundary, and based on it, it divided small-sized regions and constructed disaster history of each region. For the disaster vulnerability, the study wrote slope, aspect, curvature, wetness index, and drainage density, compared and analyzed regions with disaster and geomorphic elements to distinct the factor with high correlations, and based on it, it divided small-sized regions for forecasting and warning system of middle regions(Gangwon province, Chungchung province, and Jeolla province). Through the method, Gangwon region were divided into 4 small-sized regions, Chungchung into 5 small-sized regions, and Jeolla into 6 small-sized regions.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.571-588
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• 2013

Many of the current buildings in Algeria were built in the past without any consideration to the requirements of the seismic code. Among these buildings, there are a large number of individual houses built in the 1980's by their owners. They are Reinforced Concrete (RC) frame structures with unreinforced hollow masonry infill walls. This buildings type experienced major damage in the 2003 (Algeria) earthquake, generated by deficiencies in the structural system. In the present study, special attention is placed upon examining the vulnerability of RC frame houses. Their situation and their general features are investigated. Observing their seismic behavior, structural deficiencies are identified. The seismic vulnerability of this type of buildings depends on several factors, such as; structural system, plan and vertical configuration, materials and workmanship. The results of the vulnerability assessment of a group of RC frame houses are presented. Using a method based on the European Macroseismic Scale EMS-98 definitions, presented in previous studies, distribution of damage is obtained.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.99-109
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• 2013

Increasing complexity of the basin environments makes it difficult for single decision maker to consider all relevant aspects of problem, and thus the uncertainty of decision making grows. This study attempts to develop an approach to quantify the spatial flood vulnerability of South Korea. Fuzzy TOPSIS is used to calculate individual preference by each group and then three GDM techniques (Borda count method, Condorcet method, and Copeland method) are used to integrate the individual preference. Finally, rankings from Fuzzy TOPSIS, TOPSIS, and GDM are compared with Spearman rank correlation, Kendall rank correlation, and Emond & Mason rank correlation. As a result, the rankings of some areas are dramatically changed by the use of GDM techniques. Because GDM technique in regional vulnerability assessment may cause a significant change in priorities, the model presented in this study should be considered for objective flood vulnerability assessment.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.94-100
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• 2019

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in anxiety and depression symptoms, comorbidity according to the patterns of temperament and character in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods : The temperament and character inventory (TCI), beck depression inventory (BDI) and beck anxiety inventory (BAI) were administered to 151 PTSD patients classified into four groups of adaptation, vulnerable temperament, immature personality and composite vulnerability according to the results of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). MANOVA and Chi-square tests were conducted to analyze differences in BDI, BAI, temperament and character scores and rate of comorbid disorders between the four groups. Results : The immature character and complex vulnerability group showed the higher rate of comorbid depression disorder. Anxiety and depression severity were significantly different among groups, especially depression severity had higher scores in the immature character and complex vulnerability groups and anxiety severity had higher scores in the complex vulnerability group than adaptive group. The immature character and complex vulnerability groups showed significantly lower score on the temperament scale of reward dependence and persistent. Conclusion : The results demonstrate the significance of adaptive characteristics on anxiety and depression symptoms regardless of vulnerable temperaments, and its consequent role in the management of character factors relative to intervention regarding PTSD.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2009.03a
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• pp.930-939
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• 2009

Most of steep slope failures occurring in Korea have appeared during the localized heavy rain period, whereas the evaluation model of a disaster vulnerability analysis that has been proposed to date, has been prepared in consideration only of external factors comprising geographical features. This study calculated a wetness index and a contributory area which delivers moisture to the upper slant surface during the rainfall period, and also conducted a disaster vulnerability analysis in consideration of the convergence of surface water as well as the water system created during the occurrence of rainfall by including a curvature that shows a close relevance with the shape of the minute water system that is created temporarily during the occurrence of rainfall and with the convergence and divergence of surface water. When compared with a steep slope failure occurring within a selected model district in order to verify the prepared disaster analysis, a landslide occurring in the model district had emerged in a region in which the disaster vulnerability analysis was high and the density of the minor water system was also high. If these research results are extended nationwide, it is the most effective to use a disaster vulnerability analysis and the density of the minute water system; and it is supposed to be the simplest and the most effective method for preparing a disaster analysis of mountainous land shape such as the model district.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.177-180
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• 2019

A typical vulnerability scoring system is Common Vulnerability Scoring System(CVSS). However, since CVSS does not differentiate among the individual vulnerability impact of the asset and give higher priority for the more important assets, it is impossible to respond effectively and quickly to high-risk vulnerabilities on large systems. We propose a Layered weight based Vulnerability impact assessment Scoring System which can hierarchically group the importance of assets and weight the number of layers and the number of assets to effectively manage the impact of vulnerabilities on a per asset basis.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.1025-1034
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• 2004

Purpose: This study defines a vulnerable group in a community that has become the main target of a national health project also, it is descriptive research to suggest an evidence-based direction to meet their deficit health-related needs, Method: This research examined 833 families and 1,835 family members of the financially vulnerable class that was registered in a home visiting program of a public health center. Among them, 892 persons who had health problems, and their family members were examined in detail to find out their characteristics of vulnerability and health needs by assessment during a nurses home visit. Frequency distribution, stepwise-regression and factor analysis were used to analyze the data. Result: The vulnerable group that was defined with social indexes set as standards, involved substantial characteristics of vulnerability. The characteristics of demand showed tendencies of being clustered in 5 factors needs of intensive nursing care, chronic nursing care problems and helplessness, maintenance of family functioning with a disability, deficient problem solving ability, and simple financial fragility. Conclusion: Categorization of needs is an evidence-based estimator of workload in nurse home visiting services, and can be used as a basic resource for direction to meet the deficit needs of a vulnerable group.