• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.22 no.6
• /
• pp.571-583
• /
• 2009

Lam Dong Province of Vietnam has an exceptional diversity of orchids and herbs. At least 920 herb species are widely mentioned in Vietnamese traditional medicinal literature and over 239 Lam Dong wild orchid species are used for attention under the Conservation Vietnamese wild orchids projects. In collaboration with Department of Plant Biotechnology, Dongguk University - South Korea working under supported ODA funds from Korea government (MIFAFF), we will consider how to collecting and preserving these plants in situ or conservating in vitro as a genetic resource.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.335-360
• /
• 2006

The distribution on 88 taxa of wild orchids in the Korean Peninsula was investigated by the examinations of specimens and the distribution maps were presented. The species numbers distributed at each eight floral regions in the Korean Peninsula are as the followings; Gapsan Province 27 taxa, Gwanbuk 21, Gwanseo 13, Middle 37, South 39, Southern-coast 33, Jeju 64 and Ulleung 19. Most species (72.7%) of Korean wild orchids are found in the Jeju Island. Eighteen taxa of them are restricted to the island in the Korean Peninsula. Among Korean species, 30 taxa grow at evergreen broad-leaved forests, and 16 are northern elements distributed at high mountains or northern part. In terms of distribution, the Korean wild orchid species are classified into IUCN Red List Categories by a modified criterion for Korean plants. No orchid species included EX or EW categories is found in the Korean Peninsula. Ten species are designated to be in CR category; Cymbidium kanran, C. lancifolium, C. ensifolium, Cypripedium japonicum, Cyrtosia septentrionalis, Dendrobium moniliforme, Habenaria chejuensis, H. radiata, Neofinetia falcata and Sedirea japonica, of which C. ensifolium and H. chejuensis are regarded as CR species for the first time. On the other hand, 22 taxa are classified into EN category, and the following nine taxa are newly proposed to be EN species; Gastrochilus japonicum, G. fuscopunctatus, Gastrodia verrucosa, Habenaria flagellifera, Herminium lanceum var. longicrure, Chamaegastrodia sikokiana, Lecanorchis kiusiana, Neottia hypocastanoptica and Tipularia japonica.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2009.10a
• /
• pp.41-42
• /
• 2009

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.169-178
• /
• 2002

Orchids are evolutionally known to be the most advanced plants in the order Liliales, and comprise approximately 1,000 genera and 35,000 species world-wide. In Korea, more than 110 species of Orchidaceae have been reported to be cultivated or to be collected in the wild. Orchids aye mostly dependant on orchid mycorrhizae(OM) throughout or in part of their life cycle. The OM endomycorrhizae belonging to basidiomycetes or rarley ascomycetes are needed for orchid seed germination. Various fungi, including plant pathogenic, antagonistic and symbiotic fungi, were isolated from the roots of orchid native to Korea. The OM fungi collected from the roots of Cymbidium goeringii were three species of Rhizoctonia namely, R. repens (anamorph state of Tulsanella repens), R. endophytica (Ceratobasidium cornigerum), and an unidentified species (possibly an anamorph of T. calospora). These symbiotic fungi induced peloton in the cortical cells of orchid roots, and differed biologically and in 18s rDNA sequences from plant pathogenic Rhizoctonia species. Also, the mycorrhyzal fungi enhanced the orchid root absorption of nitrogen sources and minerals from the soil. The activity of mycorrhizal fungal hyphae in the roots caused prevention from pathogenic fungi. In nature, the peloton is observed in the cortical cells of Cymbidium goeriingii roots, indicating mycorrhizal colonization in the native orchid roots. On the other hand, pathogenic fungi such as Fusarium and/or Rhizoctonia species are mostly isolated from commercial orchid plants. These suggest that application of symbiotic mycorrhizal fungi should be needed for orchid cultivation in nurseries and at the time of transplanting.

• Mycobiology
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.22-26
• /
• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate the possibility for seeds germination of Gastrodia elata using symbiotic fungi. Since seeds of G. elata are very small and lack an endosperm and other nutrients, their germination is difficult without requirement for external nutrients. Out of twenty six isolates collected from protocorms of G. elata and roots of native orchids inhabited in wild, two strains(H-2 and H-21) were observed to stimulate the seed germination of G. elata. The seed germination of G. elates was excellent on oak tree leaves medium. The optimal conditions for mycelial growth of symbiotic fungi were $25^{\circ}C$ and pH 6.0, respectively. The mycelial growth of H-2 strain was excellent on YMA medium, while H-21 was poor on PDA medium. In case of carbon sources, the mycelial growth of H-2 and H-21 was good on media supplemented with glucose and dextrin, respectively. Calcium nitrate was good for mycelial growth of H-2 strain as a nitrogen sources, whereas urea was effective to H-21 strain.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.189-194
• /
• 1998

The experiment was tried to identify culture media which was suitable for seed germination and seedling growth of wild orchids, Calanthe discolor and Habenaria radiata. When seeds of Calanthe discolor, which was treated with ultrasonics for 30 minutes, were sowed in Murashige and SKoog(MS) medium, germination was much more promoted than other treatments. Seedling of C. discolor grew more rapidly in 3g/L Hyponex and 2g/L tryptone(H$_3$T$_2$) medium and 3g/L Hyponex and 2g/L peptone(H$_3$P$_2$) medium, especially in H$_3$P$_4$ medium among those media, pseudobulb became more corpulent. Habenaria radiata, whose tubers were obtained from seedlings, were sprouted more vigorously in 3g/L Hyponex and 1g/L peptone(H$_3$P$_1$) medium and 1g/L Hyponex and 2g/L peptone(H$_1$P$_2$) medium; but multiplication of tubers, growth of daughter tubers and its corpulence were well established in 1g/L Hyponex and 2g/L peptone(H$_1$P$_2$) medium.

• Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.465-474
• /
• 2011

Agricultural environment of Lam Dong province, which is located in central highland area, is totally different from that of other lower areas in Vietnam. In Lam Dong province, abundant plant resources were naturally grown such as pine trees, taxus, and wild orchids, which can grow in high mountainous area. In Lam Dong, the field proportion of perennial crops was higher than that of annual crops. However, the field proportion and yields of vegetables were highest among the all cultivated crops, estimating 38% (36,552ha) and 72% (993,082MT), respectively. Especially in Da Lat, vegetables, flowers, orchids, and industrial crops were mainly produced because this area is geographically close to Ho Chi Minh city. And also in Da Lat, 64% (8,447ha) and 36% (4,777ha) of farm fields were used for producing annual and perennial crops, respectively, and the yields of fresh vegetables in this area was estimated to 213,478MT which was 21.5% of the whole yields in Lam Dong province. Thus Korea, Taiwan, Japan, France, and Holland have invested to agriculture in Da Lat for producing and exporting flowers, vegetables, and tea. In 2009, flower cultivation area of Da Lat was over 55% in Lam Dong province and average amount of values were 9,781 million USD, which was higher than that of al other crops. Thus following strategies could be suggested for the development of agriculture in Lam Dong province. The first, agricultural cooperation with Da Lat, Lam Dong, should be characterized to horticulture and floriculture, followed by supporting both appropriate R&D techniques and equipments. And then agricultural system should be made in relationship with the local companies. Finally, agricultural cooperation program should be conducted toward the direction for both donor and recipient countries.