• 대한교통학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.61-73
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• 1996

The objective of this paper is to estimate the PCE(Passenger Car Equivalents) of various vehicle types on expressway work zones. Headway samples of 5,359 vehicles were collected in 6 work zones in the Kyungbu Expressway between September and November of 1995. Average headways of 8 vehicle types based on the vehicle classification method of the Department of Construction and Transportation were calculated. A statistical test of effects of the types of the preceding vehicles were performed for the average headways between a vehicle type preceded by other vehicle types. The results show that the effects of the type of preceding vehicles are significant (exceeded 5% and 10% significance levels) and the PCEs of heavy vehicles on expressway work zones are higher than that of basic expressway section. Therefore, different adjustment factors should be applied for heavy vehicles in estimating saturation flow rates of expressway work zones. The study also derives an equation to determine PCEs of these vehicle types.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.271-280
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• 2007

이 연구의 목적은 방사선과 학생들의 직업가치관 유형을 분석하여 그 특성을 규명하는데 있으며 전국에 소재한 7개 대학 방사선과 학생 791명을 대상으로 자료를 수집 분석하여 직업가치관 유형을 추출하고, 직업가치관 특성을 알아보기 위하여 관련 변인에 대한 차이를 검증하였다. 이 연구에서 얻어진 결론은 다음과 같다. 1. 방사선과 학생들의 외재적 직업가치관(지위, 경제적보상)은 내재적 직업가치관(사회기여, 성취, 능력, 직업흥미)보다 높게 나타났다. 2. 방사선과 학생들이 중요하게 생각하는 직업가치관 유형은 경제적 보상, 지위, 성취, 능력, 직업흥미, 사회기여 순으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.23-39
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate empirically whether the expected effects of smart work in organizations were different between job types and positions. The development of information technology is demanding innovation of working style within the enterprise. There is a tendency to prefer the face-to-face working style in traditional organizations in the case of some positions or job types. However, many companies are carrying out smart work such as teleworking or telecommuting, flexible working time. But many companies still stick to their existing working methods. There is also the causal relationship between accepting attitudes toward smart work and expectation effects, depending on the position and the job types, even within the same organization. As a result of research, causal relationship analysis showed that the significant factors affecting productivity were teleworking and increasing work efficiency. The national social cost savings were influenced by the improvement of quality of life and flexible working hours. In order to activate communication within the organization, there was a positive effect on the increase of work efficiency. Only flexible working hours between the general manager and subordinates showed a significant difference.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.41-59
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to explore a typology of time use and analyze differences in life satisfaction according to the types of time use in the rural elderly. The research subjects were 1,000 people aged 65 years and over living in the rural areas of Korea. The data were collected through structured questionnaires and a time-use diary. The statistical methods used in the analysis included calculation of the mean and the standard deviation, ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, cluster analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The time use practices of the rural elderly were classified into three types: work-leisure balance, work-oriented, and leisure-oriented type. Life satisfaction of the rural elderly differed according to the type of time use. The work-oriented types showed the highest scores of life satisfaction, and leisure-oriented types showed the lowest.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.492-499
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• 2022

A large number of employees shifted to Work from home (WFH) due to the COVID-19 pandemic, including the construction workforce. The changes in workload and productivity due to WFH impact the work performance and economic outputs of companies. However, there are mixed results about the impacts of WFH on workload and productivity. In particular, limited studies focused on specific types of work of different occupations in the construction workforce. This study aims to explore the impacts of WFH on workload and productivity considering different types of work for the construction workforce in the U.S. After identifying three main occupations and five types of work, an online survey (N = 69) was distributed. Descriptive analysis showed that participants had less workload (0.82 hours/week) and lower productivity (9.69%) during WFH. Three occupations had varied changes due to the different types of work. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) indicated that there was no significant difference in workload, while productivity was decreased during WFH. In particular, the productivity of project-related work and communication and documentation decreased significantly. Overall, participants finished 2.85% less workload per week during WFH. The findings provide an insight into WFH in the construction workforce, which improves future remote or hybrid work arrangements in the construction industry.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.541-550
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• 2016

This study explored a typology (or time allocation), investigated personal and work characteristic differences among time allocation types, and identified determinants of time allocation types of married working women with a preschool child. The data source for this research was the 2014 Time Use Survey conducted by Statistics Korea. We analyzed 368 time diaries (184 for weekdays and 184 for weekends) using frequency, mean, cluster analysis, chisquare, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Duncan's test, and multinomial logistic analysis. The results of this research are as follows. Time allocation of married working women with a preschool child was classified into three different types of 'work-centered,' 'work-family balanced,' and 'family-centered.' The work-centered type accounted for 14.7% of total respondents, and compared with other types, this type of people spent more time working, and less time doing house-work, caring for family, and having leisure. The work-family balanced type represents more than half of the total, and spend more time working on weekdays and house-working, having leisure on weekends. The family-centered type represents 28.8%, and spends most of the time doing house-work and caring for family on both weekdays and weekends. Occupation, employment status, monthly income, and weekly hours of work were different for each type. Occupation, employment status, perception of lack of time, health condition, and weekly hours of work were identified as determinants for each type.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.1-23
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• 2003

Entering into the mature stage of internet society, we need to understand people's internet using qualitatively. So, this study purposed to relate the types of internet usage and the types of household work using internet by the family except housewife. Web-based questionnaire were administered to 250 male and female subjects respectively. Results were as follows: First, types of internet usage were‘e-style’,‘self-actualization’, and‘family-oriented’. Second, the characteristics of e-style were white collar, college- graduated, and high income. And this type had positive attitude about internet, longer periods of usage, higher level of computer skill, longer usage time than my other types. Third, types of household work using internet were‘commitment in transaction’and‘strong involvement in family life’. fourth, the e-style and the self-actualization were related with the type of commitment in transaction and the family oriented was related with the type of strong involvement in family life. Finally, if the e-style increase, family members except housewife, there are trend of commitment in the household work.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.122-133
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• 1997

Various types of fatal accidents are increasing in Korean construction work site. Simply repeated and conventional accidents as well as new types of potential hazards which are caused by large-scaled work, complexity and negligence of temporary structures in construction are increasing, so that analysis of fundamental causes are necessary to control the construction accidents. In this study 739 fatal accidents are informally classified by the types of work and work process. The classified items which are based on ANSI Z 16.2, are modified adapted to the construction fields and are given code numbers and are analyzed by the data-base program. The exact causes of various types of accidents are analyzed by the accident types, agencies and hazardous conditions and through the Cross-tabulation method in order to find out the cause between relevant accidents.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.771-785
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• 2013

본 연구는 고교생들의 근로경험 유형--근로경험 없음, 긍정적 근로경험, 부정적 근로경험--에 따라 진로역량과 진로준비행동에 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 살펴보고, 근로경험 유형과 성별 간에 진로역량 및 진로준비행동에의 상호작용효과가 있는지 알아본다. 이를 위해 한국청소년정책연구원의 "2009년 청소년 진로 직업 실태조사" 자료로부터 3,499명 고등학생들의 근로경험과 진로 관련 자료들을 사용하여 이원 다변량분산분석(two-way MANOVA)을 실행하였다. 전반적으로 여학생이 남학생보다 진로역량과 진로준비행동에 있어 높은 수준을 보인 가운데 여학생의 경우 남학생보다 부정적 근로경험의 역효과가 더 큰 것을 알 수 있었다. 진로역량과 진로준비행동에서 근로경험 유형과 성별의 상호작용 효과가 존재하였으며, 여학생에게 있어 근로경험 자체보다는 부정적 근로경험이 진로역량 및 진로준비행동과 부정적인 관련성이 있음을 암시하였다. 남학생의 경우, 근로경험이 진로역량 및 진로준비행동과 긍정적인 영향과 관계가 있음을 시사하는 결과를 보여 주었다. 특히 자기이해 역량과 확장된 진로준비행동에 있어서는 남학생의 부정적 근로경험이 도움이 될 수 있음을 암시하였다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.97-111
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to explore the typology of child care, investigate the characteristics of child care types, and analyze the differences in time deficit as well as time satisfaction by the types of child care for dual-earner couples with preschool children. The data source for this research was the 2009 Time Use Survey conducted by the Korea National Statistical Office. Dual-earners aged 20 to 59 years completed 1,568 time diaries, which were analyzed using chi-square, cluster analysis, and ANOVA analysis. Child care time was classified into three types in the three categories of child care, household work sharing and leisure sharing for both males and females respectively. Three types for husbands were named "vulnerable", "household work child care predominant" and "leisure predominant". The three types for wives were named "vulnerable", "household work child care oriented" and "household work child care". The characteristics of each type depended on age, education, weekly working hours, gender role of husbands and age, weekly working hours of wives. The vulnerable type of wives showed the highest level of time deficit. Based on the results, implications for Public policy on child care and various types of education as well as programs were suggested.