Abstract
In order to establish the effective method of producing calluses of Prunus persica, anthers were cultured on Nitsch's medium supplemented with combinations of several growth regulators. Anthers of tetrad stage were preserved in the refrigerator at $4^{\circ}C$ for 50~60 days. Calluses were embeded on the Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with multiplicate and differentiate the calluses. Changes of anther color, callus formation, and proliferation of haploid callus were observed under the different medium conditions. The results obtained were summarized as fellows: 1) The cultured anthers were turned dark brown 2~6days after were explanted anthers into the medium. 2) The anthers which were not changed in color were observed more frequently in the medium not added the growth regulators. 3) Calluses were induced from anthers which were turned dark brown and liberated from the anther slit. 4) BA. was very effective to induce calluses and to form the chlorophyll. The medium supplied with BA 0.5ppm were best to induce calluses. 5) The best medium supplied with BA 0.5ppm+IAA or 2.4-D were best to proliferation of calluses. 6) The medium was adjusted to pH 4.5 and supplied with 250mg/l of $CaCl_2{\cdot}2H_2O$ were induced calluses from anthers.
복숭아(Prunus persica)의 약(葯)을 보다 효과적(效果的)으로 Callus를 유기(誘起)시키기 위해서 몇 가지 생장조절물질(生長調節物質)을 넣은 Nitsch배지(培地)에 치상(置床)하였고 분화(分化) 및 증식(增殖)을 위해 역시 몇 가지 생장조절물질(生長調節物質)을 넣은 MS 배지(培地)에 이식(移植)하였다. 배양시(培養時) 사용(使用)된 Tetrad기(期)의 약(葯)은 화뢰를 $4^{\circ}C$의 냉장고(冷藏庫)에 50~60일간(日間) 저장(貯藏)했다가 사용(使用)하였으며 약색(葯色)의 변화(變化), Callus의 유기양상(誘起樣相), Callus유기상태(誘起狀態) 및 Callus의 생장조절물질(生長調節物質)에 따른 생육상태등(生育狀態等)을 행(行)하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 치상(置床)된 약(葯)은 배양후(培養後) 2~3일경(日頃)부터 갈변(褐變)하기 시작하여 5~6일(日) 내(內)에 모두 흑갈색(黑褐色)으로 변색(變色)되었으며 변색(變色)되지 않은 약(葯)은 생장조절물질(生長調節物質)을 첨가(添加)하지 않은 배지(培地)에서만 다수(多數) 관찰(觀察)되었다. 2. Callus는 갈변(褐變)한 약(葯)에서 약(葯)의 봉합선(縫合線)이 파열하면서 유기(誘起)되었다. 3. BA는 복숭아 약(葯)으로 부터 Callus유기(誘起), 증식(增殖) 및 엽록소형성(葉綠素形成)에 월등(越等)히 뛰어난 효과(效果)를 나타냈으며 BA 0.5mg/l가 가장 좋았다. 4. BA 0.5mg/l는 IAA 또는 2.4-D와 혼용(混用)되었을 때도 Callus 증식(增殖)에 있어 뛰어난 효과(效果)를 나타냈다. 5. pH 4.5로 적정(滴定)하고 $CaCl_2{\cdot}2H_2O$를 250mg/l로 개량(改良)한 Nitsch 배지(培地)에서만 Callus가 유기(誘起)되었다.