Abstract
The experiment was carried out to observe whether the route of administration of allantoic aminiotic fluid obtained from the chicken embryo infected with $B_1$ virus would affect the protectivity of brids against the challenge exposure of a virulent strain of ND virus. Four groups of birds of 30 days of age were immunized intranassally (0.1 $m\ell$), intramuscularly (1.0 $m\ell$), by spray administration (0.00015 $m\ell$/1㎤) or via drinking water(10.0 $m\ell$), with 1 in 100 dilution of th. fluid containing $B_1$ virus titre of 10$\^$8.5/ELD$\_$50/ per $m\ell$ and all the immunized birds, after 15 days of vaccination, were challenged intramuscularly with 1.0$m\ell$ of 10,000 MLD per $m\ell$ of a virulent ND virus. The results obtained are summerized as follows: 1. Good immunity was induced when 1 in 100 dilution of allantoaminiotic fluid with $B_1$ virus titre of 10$\^$8.5/ELD$\_$50/$m\ell$was applied to 30 day old chicks intramuscularly, intranasally and by spray application, but it was not the case when the allantomiotic fluid was diluted to 1 in 1,000. The ID$\_$50/ of birds immunized with 1 in 100 dilution of allantoaminiotic fluid by various routes of administration such as intramuscular Injection, spray application and intranasal instillation were 10$\^$2.8/＞10$\^$4.l and/＞10$\^$4.2/ 2. The high protectivity against the challenge exposure with a virulent Newcastle disease virus with 10,000 MLD/$m\ell$ were observed when the birds were immunized with a live vaccine of 10$\^$8.5/ ELD$\_$50/$m\ell$ by intramuscular injection, intranasal instillation or spray application, and the rates by different routes of application were 92.62%, 95.33% and 93.75%, respectively. On the contrary, no good immunity was induced in the groups of birds immunized via drinking water with the live vaccine, the rate of protection against the challenge exposure being 47.18%.
본 연구는 오늘날 뉴캣슬병(ND) 예방접종 목적에 널러 쓰여지는 Adjuvant가 불활화예방약과 약독주 생독예방약(LV)의 두가지 중 특히 논의가 많은 LV의 접종경로에 따르는 면역효과를 밝혀. 그 결과를 일반에게 명확히 제시하여 본병방과에 도움을 주는 목적으로 시행하였다. 이 연구를 위해서 먼저 LV생산재료로 사용되는 $B_1$ 접종 발육계묘에서 얻은 장요막질액의 접종경로별 면역력가를 30일영추를 공시하여 측정한 후, 그 유효량을 사용하여 분무, 비강내적하 근육주사, 음수투여의 4가지 경로를 통해서 상기시험일때와 동일하게 30일추에 각각 접종, 접종경로별로 면역효과를 비교 검토하였다. 그리하여 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. $10^{8.5}$ EI $D_{50}$$m\ell$의 역가를 가진 $B_1$독주장요막강액재료의 10진희척 각단계액을 30일추에 대하여 업종경로별 각소정량을 분무, 비강내적하, 근육주사하였을 때 상기재료의 $10^{-2}$ 희척($10^{6.5}$ EI $D_{50}$$m\ell$) 응용은 만족한 면역성을 부여하였으나 $10^{-3}$희척($10^{5.5}$ EI $D_{50}$$m\ell$)에서는 만족스럽지 못하였으며 I $D_{50}$(-log)는 근육주사=2.8, 분묘＞4.1, 비강내적하＞4.2이었다. 2. $10^{-2}$ 희포장요막강($10^{6.5}$ EI $D_{50}$$m\ell$)의 접종경로별 각소정량을 30일령 공시추에 접종경로를 달리하여 접종하였을 때 10,000MLD/$m\ell$ ND 병독/$m\ell$의 근육내접종공격에 대한 내과율은 분무가 93.75%, 비강내적하가 95.3%, 근육내접종이 92.6%의 좋은 성적이었는데 반하여 식수투여는 47.18%로 극히 불량하고, 시험한 4가지 접종경로 중 가장 낮은 성적이었다. 낮은 성적이었다.은 성적이었다.