무화과 잎의 용매분획 및 항미생물 활성

Solvent Fractionation of Fig Leaves and its Antimicrobial Activity

무화과잎으로부터 천연 항미생물 물질의 개발을 검토할 목적으로 무화과잎을 메탄올로 추출하고 ethyl acetate와 buffer용액을 이용하여 용매분획하였고 각 분획에 대한 항미생물 활성을 측정하였으며 활성이 강한 분획에 대한 최소저해농도(MIC)와 최소치사농도(MLC)를 측정하였다. 무화과 잎중의 항미생물 활성은 산성 분획과 페놀성 분획에서 강하게 나타났으며 미생물의 종류에 관계없이 활성범위가 넓었다. 페놀성 분획이 산성 분획에 비하여 MIC와 MLC값이 상대적으로 낮았고 MIC값의 경우 두 분획이 공통적으로 세균보다는 진균류에 대하여 낮았으며 특히 저온세균인 Pseudomonas aeruginosa에 대한 MIC와 MLC값이 대단히 낮음을 알 수 있었다.

Fig leaves were extracted with methanol and then fractionated with ethyl acetate and various buffers to get active fractions, and their antimicrobial activities in each fraction were determined. Acidic fraction and phenolic fraction of fig leaves showed strong antimicrobial activities, but the basic fraction and neutral fraction did not show any activities. The degree of antimicrobial activities in phenolic fraction against tested bacteria were higher than those in acidic fraction, but these against yeasts and mold were almost equivalent to those in acidic fraction. Especially, phenolic fraction showed the strongest activities against Staphylococcuns aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Although there were some differences among microorganisms, minimum inhibition concentrations(MIC) in acidic and phenolic fractions against tested microorganisms were 0.05 to 0.1 g eq./ml and 0.01 to 0.25 g eq./ml, on the basis of fresh sample weight, respectively. Minimum lethal concentrations(MLC) in acidic and phenolic fractions were 0.25 to 2.00 g eq./ml and 0.05 to 1.50 g eq./ml, respectively. These supposed the antimicrobial activities in phenolic fraction were generally higher than those in acidic fraction and also phenolic fraction had lower MIC and MLC values than acidic fraction.