Monitoring of Extraction Characteristics and Comparison of Extraction Efficiencies for Ginsenosides in the Microwave-Assisted Process Under Pressure

가압조건의 마이크로웨이브 추출에서 Ginsenosides의 추출특성 모니터링과 추출효율 비교

Microwave-assisted extraction, which is known to rapidly extract target compounds from natural products, was monitored by response surface methodology (RSM) while extracting ginsenosides by using microwave extraction system (MES) equipped with closed vessels, and was confirmed on its extraction efficiency. On the whole, coefficients of determinations $(R^2)$ of the models on ginsenoside contents of extracts with various extraction conditions were above 0.83 (p<0.1). $Ginsenoside-Rb_2,\;-Rc,\;-Re\;and\;-Rg_1$ were maximized in $140^{\circ}C$ of extraction temperature and $50\~75\%$ range of ethanol concentration. Unknown compound peak on HPLC chromatogram observed at extraction temperature over $120^{\circ}C$, increased at the extraction temperature of $150^{\circ}C$. The extraction temperature of $ginsenoside-Rb_2$ and -Re increased from $129^{\circ}C\;to\;147^{\circ}C$ with including unknown compound, and $R^2$ of the models on ginsenoside contents of extracts increased with including unknown compound into ginsenoside $Rb_2$ and Re. Contents of unknown compound were minimized in $67.33\%$ of ethanol concentration, $99.34^{\circ}C$ of extraction temperature and 3.65 min of extraction time. Ginsenoside contents extracted by microwave system for 8 min showed a similar tendency to those of the current extraction method for 40 hrs.

가압형 마이크로웨이브 추출장치를 이용하여 추출조건(에탄올농도, 추출온도 및 추출시간)에 따른 인삼 ginsenosid서 추출특성을 반응표면분석에 의해 모니터링하고, 마이크로파 추출법의 추출효율을 확인하였다. 조건별 추출물의 ginsenoside함량에 대한 회귀식의 $R^2$는 대부분 0.830이상으로 $10\%$이내의 수준에서 유의성이 인정되었다. $Ginsenoside-Rb_2$ -Rc, -Re 및 $-Rg_1$은 추출온도가 높을수록 증가하여 $140^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높게 나타났으며, 에탄을 농도가 $50\~75\%$에서 가장 높은 추출율을 보였다. Ginsenoside의 HPLC 패턴은 MAP 추출온도 $120^{\circ}C$에서 unknown peak가 확인되었으며, $150^{\circ}C$추출에서는 unhown peak가 증가되었다. $Ginsenoside-Rb_2$와 -Re 함량에 미지화합물(unknown peak)을 포함하였을 때 는 최대의 추출온도가 $129^{\circ}C$에서 $147^{\circ}C$로 증가하였고, 동시에 추출시간과 $R^2$가 증가하였다. MAP 추출에서 unknown화합물의 함량이 최소가 되는 조건은 에탄올 농도 $67.33\%$, 추출온도 $99.34^{\circ}C$, 추출시간 3.65분이었다. 추출효율의 확인시험에서 8분간의 MAP추출법은 현행 추출법(40시간) 매우 유사한 수준의 ginsenoside 추출효율을 나타내었다.