Advances in Traditional Medicine

Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center (경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Immune activation and radioprotection by Echinacea purpurea (American herb)

  • Mishima, Satoshi (Api Co., Ltd. Research Institute) ;
  • Gu, Yeun-Hwa (Graduate School of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science) ;
  • Saito, Kiyoto (Graduate School of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science) ;
  • Yamashita, Takenori (Graduate School of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science) ;
  • Maruyama, Hiroe (Api Co., Ltd. Research Institute) ;
  • Inoue, Makoto (Faculty of pharmaceutical science, Nagoya City University) ;
  • Ahn, Kyoo-Seok (Department of Pathology, College of Oriental medicine, Institute of Oriental medicine, Kyunghee University)
  • Published : 2004.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The effect of immune activation by Echinacea purpurea was investigated by measuring total immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgM. and the radioprotective effect of immune activation by Echinacea purpurea was investigated by measuring T lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of mice following whole body irradiation. Echinacea purpurea activated macrophages to stimulate $IFN-{\gamma}$ production in association with the secondary activation of T lymphocytes, resulting in a decrease in IgG and IgM production. Cytokines released from macrophages in mouse peripheral blood after Echinacea purpurea administration activated helper T cells to proliferate. In addition, activated macrophages in association with the secondary T lymphocyte activation increased $IFN-{\gamma}$ production and stimulated proliferation of cytotoxic T cells and suppressor T cells, indicating the activation of cell-mediated immune responses.

Keywords

References

  1. Abbas AK, Murphy KM, Sher A. (1996) Functional diversity of helper T lymphocytes. Nature 383, 7877-7893.
  2. Agner H, Proksch A, Riess-Maurer I. (1985) Immunostimulating Polysaccaharides (Heteroglycans) of Higher Plants. Arzneim. Forsch. 35, 1069-1075.
  3. Andreassen CN, Grau C, Lindegaard JC. (2003) Chemical radioprotection: A critical review of amifostine as a cytoprotector in radiotherapy. Semin. Radiat. Oncol. 13, 62-72. https://doi.org/10.1053/srao.2003.50006
  4. Bauer R. (2002) Structure of Echinacoside. Wien. Med. Wochenschr. 152, 407-411. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1563-258X.2002.02063.x
  5. Bauer R, Jurcic K, Puhlmann J, Wagner H. (1988) Immunologische In-vivo-und In-vitro-Unter-suchungen mit Echinacea-Extrakten. Arzneim. Forsch. 38, 276-281.
  6. Bauer R, Remiger P, Wagner H (1989) Alkamides from the Roots of Echinacea angusti-folia. Phytochemistry 28, 505-508. https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(89)80042-1
  7. Becker H, Hsieh WC, Wylde R, Laffite C, Andary C. (1982) Replication of herpes simplex virus in human T lymphocytes. Z. Naturforsch. 37, 351-353.
  8. Beuscher N, Bodinet C, Willigmann I, Egert D. (1995) Immunmodulierende Eigenschaften von Wurzelextrakten verschiedener Echinacea-Arten Z. Phytotherapie 16, 157-166.
  9. Brown DJ. Echinacea purpurea therapy for the treatment of the common cold: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Therapiewoche 36, 3352-3358.
  10. Bukovsky M, Vaverkova S, Kostalova D, Magnusova R. (1993) Immunomodulating activity of ethanol-water extracts of the roots of Echinacea gloriosa L. Echinacea angustifolia DC and Rudbeckia speciosa Wenderoth tested on the immune system in C57BL6 inbred mice. Cesk. Farm. 42, 184-187.
  11. Burger RA, Torres AR, Warren RP, Caldwell VD, Hughes BG. (1997) Echinacea-induced cytokine production by human macrophages. Int. J. Immunopharmacol. 19, 371-379. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0192-0561(97)00061-1
  12. Georgieva R, Tsevi R, Kossev K, Kusheva R, Balgjiska M, Petrova R, Tenchova V, Gitsov I, Troev K. (2002) Immobilization of aminothiols on poly(oxyalkylene phosphates). Formation of poly(oxyethylene phosphates)/cysteamine complexes and their radioprotective efficiency. Int. J. Med. Chem. 45, 5797-5801. https://doi.org/10.1021/jm020309o
  13. Hayashi I, Ohotsuki M, Suzuki I. (2001) Effects of oral administration of Echinacea purpurea (American herb) on incidence of spontaneous leukemia caused by recombinant leukemia viruses in AKR/J mice. Jpn. J. Clin. Immun. 24, 10-20. https://doi.org/10.2177/jsci.24.10
  14. Jacobson M. (1967) The Structure of Echinacea in the Insecticidal Component of American Coneflower Roots. J. Org. Chem. 32, 1646-1647. https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01280a091
  15. Jorgensen C, Brocks V, Bang J, Jorgensen FS, Ronsbro L. (2003) Treatment of severe fetal chylothorax associated with pronounced hydrops with intrapleural injection of OK-432. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 21, 66-69. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.23
  16. Kwarek T, Tynecka Z, Glowniak K, Lutostanska E. (1996) Echinacea L. inducer of interferons. Herba Polonica 17, 110-117.
  17. Luettig B, Steinmuller C. (1989) Macrophage Activation by the Polysaccharide Arabinogalactan Isolated From Plant Cell Cultures of Echinacea purpurea. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 81, 669-675. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.9.669
  18. Moerman DE. (1979) Symbols and selectivity: a statistical analysis of native American medical ethnobotany. J. Ethnopharmacol. 1, 111-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(79)90002-3
  19. Mosmann TR, Sad S. (1996) The expanding universe of T-cell subsets: Th1, Th2 and more. Immunol. Today 17, 138-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-5699(96)80606-2
  20. Rehman J, Dillow JM, Carter SM, Chou J, Maisel AS. (1999) Increased production of antigen-specific immunoglobulins G and M following in vivo treatment with the medicinal plants Echinacea angustifolia and Hydrastis canadensis. Immunol. Lett. 68, 391-395. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-2478(99)00085-1
  21. Rininger JA, Kickner S, Chigurupati P, McLean A, Franck Z. (2000) Immunopharmacological activity of Echinacea preparations following simulated digestion on murine macrophages and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J. Leukoc. Biol. 68, 503-510.
  22. Yang K, Azoulay E, Attalah L, Zahar JR, Van De Louw A, Cerf C, Soussy CJ, Duvaldestin P, Brochard L, Brun-Buisson C, Harf A, Delclaux C. (2003) Bactericidal activity response of blood neutrophils from critically ill patients to in vitro granulocyte colony-stimulating factor stimulation. Intensive Care Med. 29, 396-402. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-002-1623-9