Studies on the Optimal Culture Condition for Production of Red Pigments by Monascus rubber on Liquid Culture

액체배양에 의한 Monascus rubber의 적색 색소 생산을 위한 최적 배양조건에 관한 연구

  • 서승교 (대구산업정보대학 식품영양과) ;
  • 이창호 (경북대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 우철주 (경북대학교 식품공학과)
  • Published : 2004.03.01

Abstract

The optimum cultural conditions for production of red pigment from Monascus rubber KCTC 6122 is liquid culture were studied. Monascus robber KCTC 6122 was shown to give the maximum production of red pigment in the medium containing 4% rice powder, 0.2% NaNO$_3$, 0.3% Na$_2$HP0$_4$ and 0.15% MgSO$_4$. The optimum culture conditions, temperature, initial pH and shaking speed were 30$^{\circ}C$, 6.5 and 150 rpm, respectively. The red pigment production reached a maximum level at 8days of cultivation.

Monascus rubber KCTC 6122를 이용하여 액체 배양을 통한 실험균의 적색 색소의 생산을 위한 배양 조건의 최적화에 관한 결과는 다음과 같다. 실험 균주가 생산하는 적색색소의 최적 배양 조건은 탄소원으로 rice powder 4% 첨가, 질소원으로 NaN0$_3$ 0.2%, 인산염으로 $Na_2$HPO$_4$의 농도가 0.3%, MgSO$_4$의 농도가 0.15%일 때 가장 높은 적색 색소 생성을 나타내었다. 배양 온도는 3$0^{\circ}C$, 초기 pH가 6.5, 진탕속도를 150 rpm, 배양 시간 8일 일 때 적색 색소의 생성능이 흡광도 70.29로 가장 우수하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Yoshimura, M., Yamanaka, S., Mitsugi, K. and Hirose, Y. (1975) Production of Monascus-pigment in submerged culture. Agri. Biol. Chem., 39, 1789-1795 https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.39.1789
  2. Lin, C.F. and Iizuka, H. (1982) Production of extracellular pigment by mutant of Monascus Kaoliang sp. nov. Appl. Environ. Microbial., 43, 671-676
  3. Wong, H.C. and Bau, T.S. (1977) Pigmentation and antibacterial activity of fast neutron- and X-ray-induced strains of Monascus purpures Went. Plant. Physiol., 60, 578-581 https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.60.4.578
  4. Broder, C.U. and Koehler, P.E. (1980) Pigments produced by Monascus purpures with regard to quality and quantity. J. Food Sci., 45, 567-569 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1980.tb04102.x
  5. Kim, C.S., Rhee, S.H. and Kim, I. (1977) Studies on production and characteristics of edible red color pigment produced by mold(Monascus sp.). Kor. J. Food Sci. Technol., 9, 277-283
  6. Kim, H.S., Kwak, H.S., Yang, H.S., Pyun, Y.R. and Yu, J.H. (1979) Studies on the red pigment produced by Monascus sp. in submerged culture. Production of crude pigment, physical and physiological characteristics. Kor. J. Appl. Microbial. Bioeng., 7, 31-32
  7. Nakazawa, R. and Sato, K. (1930) On the Monascus of Taiwan the red seed of rice. J. Agric. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 6. 353-355
  8. Nishikawa, E. (1932) Studies on the biochemistry of mold. The pigments of Monascus purpureus Went. J. Agric. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 8. 1007-1011
  9. Fielding, B.C., Haws, E.J., Holker, J.S.E., Powell, A.D.G., Robertson, A., Stanway, D.N. and Whalley, W.B. (1960) Monascorubin. Tetrahedron Lett., 5, 24-30
  10. Fielding, B.C., Holker, J.S.E., Jones, D.F., Powell, A.D.G., Richmond, I.W. and Whalley, W.B. (1961) The chemistry of fungi. The structure of monascin. J. Chem. Soc., 10, 4579-4582
  11. Manchand, P.S. and Whalley, W.B. (1973) Isolation and structure of ankaflavin a new pigment from Monascus anka. Phytochemistry. 12, 2531-2537 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(73)80470-4
  12. Haws, E.J., Holker, J.S.E., Powell, A.D.G. and Robertson, A. (1959) The chemistry of fungi. The structure of rubropunctatin. J. Chem. Soc., 8, 3598-3603
  13. Hadfield, J.R., Holker, J.S.E. and Stanway, D.N. (1967) The biosynthesis of fungal metabolites. The $\beta$-oxo-lactone equivalents in rubropunctatin and monascorubrin. J. Chem. Soc., 16, 751-754
  14. Birch, A.J., Cassera, A., Fitton, D., Holker, J.S.E., Smith, H., Tompson, G.A. and Whalley, W.B. (1962) Studies in relation to biosynthesis. Rotiorin, monascin and rubropunctatin. J. Chem. Soc., 11, 3583-3587
  15. Park, Y.H. (1997) Production of yellow and red pigments by Monascus purpureus in culture conditions. Soonchunhyang J. Nat. Sci., 3, 703-707
  16. Johns, M.R. and Stuart, D.M. (1991) Production of pigments by Monascus purpureus in solid culture. J. Indust. Microbial., 8, 23-29 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01575587
  17. Keisuke, T., Tomio, I., Nobukazu, T., Hiroshi, O., Shirou,A., Shouichi, T. and Yasue, N. (1992) Effect of mycelial weight on hypotensive activity of Beni-koji in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Nippon Shokuhin Kogyo Gakkashi., 39, 790-796
  18. Carels, M. and Shepherd, D. (1977) The effect of different nitrogen sources on pigment production and sporulation of Monascus sp. it submerged shaken culture. Can. J. Microbial., 23, 1360-1365
  19. Lin, C.F. (1973) Monascus sp. for pigment production. J. Ferment. Technol., 51, 407-412
  20. Evans, P.J. and Wong, H.Y. (1984) Pigment production from immobilized Monascus sp. utilizing polymeric resin adsorption. Appl. Environ. Microbial., 47, 1323-1326
  21. Lin, C.F. (1973) Isolation and cultural conditions of Monascus sp. for the production of pigment in a submerged culture. J. Ferment. Technol., 51, 107-114
  22. Hirai, T., Shima, T., Suzuki, T., Tsukioka, M. and Ogasawara, N. (1979) Hyperpigment-productive mutant of M. anka for solid culture. Agric. biol. Chem., 43, 1975-1979 https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.43.1975
  23. Kim, H.S., Kwak, H.S., Yang, H.S., Pyun, Y.R. and Yu, J.H. (1979) Studies on the red pigment produced by Monascus sp. in submerged culture. Kor. J. Appl. Microbial. Bioeng., 7, 23-30
  24. Juzlova, P., Martinkova, L. and Kren, V. (1996) Secondary metabolites of the fungus Monascus: a review. J. Ind. Microbial., 16, 163-170 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01569999
  25. Su. Y.C. (1983) Fermentative production of anka-pigments(Monascus-pigments). 11, 325-337
  26. Lin, T.F. and Demain, A.L. (1991) Effect of nutrition of Monascus sp. on formation of red pigments. Appl. Microbial. Biotechnol., 36, 70-75 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00164701