References
- Chang, C. D., 'Hydrocarbons from Methanol,' Catal. Rev. Sci. Eng., 25(1), 1-118(1983)
- Chang, C. D., 'Methanol Conversion to Light Olefins,' Catal. Rev. Sci. Eng., 26(3&4), 323-325(1984) https://doi.org/10.1080/01614948408064716
- Seo, G., 'Conversion of Methanol to Chemical Feedstock and Fuel,' Prog. Ind. Chem., 27(1), 15-22(1987)
- Keil, F. J., 'Methanol-to-Hydrocarbons: Process Technology,' Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 29, 49-66(1999) https://doi.org/10.1016/S1387-1811(98)00320-5
- Stocker, M., 'Methanol-to-Hydrocarbons: Catalytic Materials and Their Behavior,' Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 29, 3-48(1999) https://doi.org/10.1016/S1387-1811(98)00319-9
- Maxwell, I. E. and Stork, W. H. J., Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 137 (Introduction to Zeolite Science and Practice, van Bekkum et al. Eds.), 747-819(2001)
- Park, J. W., Kim, J.-H. and Seo, G., 'The Effect of Pore Shape on the Catalytic Performance of Zeolites in the Liquid-Phase Degradation of HDPE,' Pol. Degrad. Stab., 76, 495-501(2002) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-3910(02)00059-9
- Liu, Z., Sun, C., Wang, G., Wang, Q. and Cai, G., 'New Progress in R&D of Lower Olefin Synthesis,' Fuel Process. Technol., 62, 161-172(2000) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3820(99)00117-4
- Haw, J. F., Song, W., Marcus, D. M. and Nicholas, J. B., 'The Mechanism of Methanol to Hydrocarbon Catalysis,' Acc. Chem. Res., 36, 317-326(2003) https://doi.org/10.1021/ar020006o
- Mikkelsen, O., Ronning, P. O. and Kolboe, S., 'Use of Isotopic Labeling for Mechanistic Studies of the Methanol-to-Hydrocarbons Reaction. Methylation of Toluene with Methanol over H-ZSM-5, H-Mordenite and H-Beta,' Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 40, 95-113(2000) https://doi.org/10.1016/S1387-1811(00)00245-6
- Hunger, M., 'In Situ NMR Spectroscopy in Heterogeneous Catalysis,' Catal. Today, 97, 3-12(2004) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2004.03.061
- Dahl, I. M. and Kolboe, S., 'On the Reaction Mechanism for Propene Formation in the MTO Reaction over SAPO-34,' Catal. Lett., 20(3-4), 329-336(1993) https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00769305
- Arstad, B. and Kolboe, S., 'The Reactivity of Molecules Trapped within the SAPO-34 Cavities in the Methanol-to-Hydrocarbons Reaction,' J. Am. Chem. Soc., 123, 8137-8138(2001) https://doi.org/10.1021/ja010668t
- Olsbye, U., Bjorgen, M., Svelle, S., Lillerud, K.-P. and Kolboe, S., 'Mechanistic Insight into the Methanol-to-Hydrocarbons Reaction,' Catal. Today, 106, 108-111(2005) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2005.07.135
- Song, W., Haw, J. F., Nicholas, J. B. and Heneghan, C. S., 'Methylbenzenes are the Organic Reaction Centers for Methanol-to-Olefin Catalysis on HSAPO-34,' J. Am. Chem. Soc., 122, 10726-10727 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1021/ja002195g
- Haw, J. F., Nicholas, J. B., Song, W., Deng, F., Wang, Z., Xu, T. and Heneghan, C. S., 'Roles for Cyclopentenyl Cations in the Synthesis of Hydrocarbons from Methanol on Zeolite Catalyst HZSM-5,' J. Am. Chem. Soc., 122, 4763-4775(2000) https://doi.org/10.1021/ja994103x
- Song, W., Fu, H. and Haw, J. F., 'Selective Synthesis of Methylnaphthalenes in HSAPO-34 Cages and their Function as Reaction Centers in Methanol-to-Olefin Catalysis,' J. Phys. Chem. B, 105, 12839-12843(2001) https://doi.org/10.1021/jp012400u
- Song, W., Fu, H. and Haw, J. F., 'Supramolecular Origins of Product Selectivity for Methanol-to-Olefin Catalysis on HSAPO-34,' J. Am. Chem. Soc., 123, 4749-4754(2001) https://doi.org/10.1021/ja0041167
- Song, W., Nicholas, J. B. and Haw, J. F., 'A Persistent Carbenium Ion on the Methanol-to-Olefin Catalyst HSAPO-34: Acetone Shows the Way,' J. Phys. Chem. B, 105, 4317-4323(2001) https://doi.org/10.1021/jp0041407
- Sassi, A., Wildman, M. A. and Haw, J. F., 'Reactions of Butylbenzene Isomers on Zeolite HBeta: Methanol-to-Olefins Hydrocarbon Pool Chemistry and Secondary Reactions of Olefins,' J. Phys. Chem. B, 106, 8768-8773(2002) https://doi.org/10.1021/jp020811k
- Sassi, A., Wildman, M. A., Ahn, H. J., Prasad, P., Nicholas, J. B. and Haw, J. F., 'Methylbenzene Chemistry on Zeolite HBeta: Multiple Insights into Methanol-to-Olefin Catalysis,' J. Phys. Chem. B, 106, 2294-2303(2002) https://doi.org/10.1021/jp013392k
- Park, T.-Y. and Froment, G. F., 'Kinetic Modeling of the Methanol to Olefins Process. 2. Experimental Results, Model Discrimination, and Parameter Estimation,' Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 40, 4187-4196(2001) https://doi.org/10.1021/ie000854s
- Alwahabi, S. M. and Froment, G. F., 'Conceptual Reactor Design for the Methanol-to-Olefins Process on SAPO-34,' Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 43, 5112-5122(2004) https://doi.org/10.1021/ie040042m
- Wu, X., Abraha, M. G. and Anthony, R. G., 'Methanol Conversion on SAPO-34: Reaction Condition for Fixed-Bed Reactor,' Appl. Catal. A: General, 260, 63-69(2004) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2003.10.011
- Gayubo, A. G., Vivanco, R., Alonso, A., Valle, B. and Aguayo, A. T., 'Kinetic Behavior of the SAPO-18 Catalyst in the Transformation of Methanol into Olefins,' Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 44, 6605-6614(2005) https://doi.org/10.1021/ie050110k
- Keil, F. J., Hinderer, J. and Garayhi, A. R., 'Diffusion and Reaction in ZSM-5 and Composite Catalysts for the Methanol-to-Olefins Process,' Catal. Today, 50, 637-650(1999) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0920-5861(98)00498-2
- Chen, D., Rebo, H. P. and Holmen, A., 'Diffusion and Deactivation During Methanol Conversion over SAPO-34: A Percolation Approach,' Chem. Eng. Sci., S4, 3465-3473(1999)
- Chen, D., Rebo, H. P., Gronvold, A., Moljord, K. and Holmen, A., 'Methanol Conversion to Light Olefins over SAPO-34: Kinetic Modeling of Coke Formation,' Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 35-36, 121-135(2000)
- Dewaele, O., Geers, V. L., Froment, G. F. and Marin, G. B., 'The Conversion of Methanol to Olefins: A Transient Kinetic Study,' Chem. Eng. Sci., 54, 4385-4395(1999) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2509(98)00533-8
- Soundararajan, S., Dalai, A. K. and Berruti, F., 'Modeling of Methanol to Olefins (MTO) Process in a Circulating Fluidized Bed Reactor,' Fuel, 80, 1187-1197(2001) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-2361(00)00182-4
- Seo, G., Song, Y. S., Byun, D. H. and Ha, B. H., 'Olefin Selectivity in the Conversion of Methanol over Phosphorus Modified HZSM-5 Catalysts,' Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 26(6), 591-589(1988)
- Seo, G. and Ryoo, R., '31P, 27Al, and 129Xe NMR Study of Phosphorus- Impregnated HZSM-5 Zeolite Catalysts,' J. Catal., 124, 224-230(1990) https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9517(90)90117-3
- Seo, G., Kim, D. C., Ko, T.-S. and Park, T. J., 'The Effect of Phosphorus Impregnation on HZSM-5 Zeolite in 1-Butenes Conversion,' Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 29(4), 494-502(1991)
- Rhee, K., Cho, M., Jeong, B. and Seo, G., 'Catalytic Properties of Borosilicate in Methanol Conversion,' J. Korean Chem. Soc., 34(4), 360-369(1990)
- Djieugoue, M.-A., Prakash, A. M. and Kevan, L., 'Catalytic Study of Methanol-to-Olefins Conversion in Four Small-Pore Silicoalminophosphate Molecular Sieves: Influence of the Structural Type, Nickel Incorporation, Nickel Location, and Nickel Concentration,' J. Phys. Chem. B, 104, 6452-6461(2000) https://doi.org/10.1021/jp000504j
- Chen, D., Moljord, K., Fuglerud, T. and Holmen, A., 'The Effect of Crystal Size of SAPO-34 on the Selectivity and Deactivation of the MTO Reaction,' Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 29, 191-203 (1999) https://doi.org/10.1016/S1387-1811(98)00331-X
- Wilson, S. and Barger, P., 'The Characteristics of SAPO-34 which Influence the Conversion of Methanol to Light Olefins,' Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 29, 117-126(1999) https://doi.org/10.1016/S1387-1811(98)00325-4
- Dahl, I. M., Modtad, H., Akporiaye, D. and Wendelbo, R., 'Structural and Chemical Influences on the MTO Reaction: A Comparison of Chabazite and SAPO-34 as MTO Catalysts,' Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 29, 185-190(1999) https://doi.org/10.1016/S1387-1811(98)00330-8
- Ko, T.-S. and Seo, G., 'Methanol Conversion over SAPO-34 Molecular Sieve Catalyst,' Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 28(2) 163-171(1990)
- Ko, T.-S. and Seo, G., 'Conversion of Olefins over SAPO-34 Molecular Sieve Catalyst,' Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 29(3), 263-269(1991)
- Dubois, D. R., Obrzut, D. L., Liu, J., Thundimadathil, J., Adekkanattu, P. M., Guin, J. A., Punnoose, A. and Seehra, M. S., 'Conversion of Methanol to Olefin over Cobalt-, Manganeseand Nickel-Incorporated SAPO-34 Molecular Sieves,' Fuel Process. Technol., 83, 203-218(2003) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3820(03)00069-9
- Venkatathri, N., 'Synthesis and Characterization of High Silica Content Silicoaluminophosphate SAPO-35 from Non-Aqueous Medium,' Catal. Commun., 7, 773-777(2006) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catcom.2005.10.014
- Franklin, I. L., Beale, A. M. and Sankar, G., 'On the Activity, Longevity and Recyclability of Mn(II) and Co(II) Substituted AlPO-18 Catalysts for the Conversion of Methanol to Light Olefins,' Catal. Today, 81, 623-629(2003) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0920-5861(03)00160-3
- Gayubo, A. G., Aguayo, A. T., Alonso, A., Atutxa, A. and Bilbao, J., 'Reaction Scheme and Kinetic Modelling for the MTO Process over a SAPO-18 Catalyst,' Catal. Today, 106, 112-117(2005) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2005.07.133
- Aguayo, A. T., Gayubo, A. G., Vivanco, R., Alonso, A. and Bilbao, J., 'Initiation Step and Reactive Intermediates in the Transformation of Methanol into Olefins over SAPO-18 Catalyst,' Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 44, 7279-7286(2005) https://doi.org/10.1021/ie040291a
- Wang, W., Seiler, M. and Hunger, M., 'Role of Surface Methoxy Species in the Conversion of Methanol to Dimethyl Ether on Acidic Zeolites Investigated by In Situ Stopped-Flow MAS NMR Spectroscopy,' J. Phys. Chem. B, 105, 12553-12558(2001) https://doi.org/10.1021/jp0129784
- Wang. W., Jiang, Y. and Hunger, M., 'Mechanistic Investigation of the Methanol-to-Olefin(MTO) Process on Acidic Zeolite Catalysts by In Situ Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy,' Catal. Today, 113, 101-114(2006)
- Carlson, L. K., Isbester, P. K. and Munson, E. J., 'Study of the Conversion of Methanol to Dimethyl Ether on Zeolite HZSM-5 Using In Situ Flow MAS NMR,' Solid State Nucl. Magn. Reson., 16, 93-102(2000) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0926-2040(00)00059-X
- Dahl, I. M. and Kolboe, S., 'On the Reaction Mechanism for Hydrocarbon Formation from Methanol over SAPO-34,' J. Catal., 149, 458-464(1994) https://doi.org/10.1006/jcat.1994.1312
- Dahl, I. M. and Kolboe, S., 'On the Reaction Mechanism for Hydrocarbon Formation from Methanol over SAPO-34. 2. Isotope Labelling Studies of the Co-Reaction of Propene and Methanol,' J. Catal., 161, 304-309(1996) https://doi.org/10.1006/jcat.1996.0188
- Arstad, B., Nicholas, J. B. and Haw, J. F., 'Theoretical Study of the Methylbenzene Side-Chain Hydrocarbon Pool Mechanism in Methanol to Olefin Catalysis,' J. Am. Chem. Soc., 126, 2991-3001 (2004) https://doi.org/10.1021/ja035923j
- Marcus, D. M., Song, W., Abubakar, S. M., Jani, E., Sassi, A. and Haw, J. F., 'Reactions of Halobenzenes with Methanol on the Microporous Solid Acids HBeta, HZSM-5, and HSAPO-5: Halogenation does not Improve the Hydrocarbon Pool,' Langmuir, 20, 5946-5951(2004) https://doi.org/10.1021/la035944r
- Haw, J. F. and Marcus, D. M., 'Well-Defined (Supra)Molecular Structures in Zeolite Methanol-to-Olefin Catalysis,' Top. Catal., 34(1-4), 41-48(2005) https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-005-3784-6
- Guisnet, M., 'Coke' Molecules Trapped in the Micropores of Zeolites as Active Species in Hydrocarbon Transformations,' J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 182-183, 367-382(2002) https://doi.org/10.1016/S1381-1169(01)00511-8
- Patcas, F. C., 'The Methanol-to-Olefins Conversion over Zeolite-Coated Ceramic Foams,' J. Catal., 231, 194-200(2005) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2005.01.016
- Masuda, T., Asanuma, T., Shouji, M., Mukai, S. R., Kawase, M. and Hashimoto, K., 'Methanol to Olefins using ZSM-5 Zeolite Catalyst Membrane Reactor,' Chem. Eng. Sci., 58, 649-656(2003) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2509(02)00591-2
- Tago, T., Iwakai, K., Morita, K., Tanaka, K. and Masuda, T., 'Control of Acid-Site Location of ZSM-5 Zeolite Membrane and its Application to the MTO Reaction,' Catal. Today, 105, 662-666 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2005.06.009
- Chen, J. Q., Bozzano, A., Glover, B., Fuglerud, T. and Kvisle, S., 'Recent Advancements in Ethylene and Propylene Production Using the UOP/Hydro MTO Process,' Catal. Today, 106, 103-107(2005) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2005.07.178
-
Bjorgen, M., Olabye, U., Petersen, D. and Kolboe, S., 'The Methanol- to-Hydrocarbons Reaction: Insight into the Reaction Mechanism from [
^{12}C$ ]Benzene and [$^{13}C$ ]Methanol Coreactions over Zeolite H-Beta,' J. Catal., 221, 1-10(2004) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9517(03)00284-7 - Wang, W., Buchhlolz, A., Seiler, M. and Hunger, M., 'Evidence for an Initiation of the Methanol-to-Olefin Process by Reactive Surface Methoxy Groups on Acidic Zeolite Catalysts,' J. Am. Chem. Soc., 125, 15260-15267(2003) https://doi.org/10.1021/ja0304244
- Lesthaeghe, D., Speybroeck, V. V., Marin, G. B. and Waroquier, M., 'What Role do Oxonium Ions and Oxonium Ylides Play in the ZSM-5 Catalyzed Methanol-to-Olefin Process,' Chem. Phys. Lett., 417, 309-315(2006) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2005.09.136
- Jiang, Y., Marthala, V. R. R., Huang, J., Sulikowski, B. and Hunger, M., 'Effect of Organic Impurities on the Hydrocarbon Formation via the Decomposition of Surface Methoxy Groups on Acidic Zeolite Catalysts,' J. Catal., 238, 21-27(2006) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2005.11.029
- Seiler, M., Schenk, U. and Hunger, M., 'Conversion of Methanol to Hydrocarbons on Zeolite HZSM-5 Investigated by In Situ MAS NMR Spectroscopy under Flow Conditions and On-Line Gas Chromatography,' Catal. Lett., 62, 139-1451(1999) https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1019086603511
- Hunger, M., Seilver, M. and Buchholz, A., 'In Situ MAS NMR Spectroscopic Investigation of the Conversion of Methanol to Olefins on Silicoaluminophosphates SAPO-34 and SAPO-18 under Continuous Flow Conditions,' Catal. Lett., 74(1-2), 61-68(2001) https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016647300583
- Han, X., Yan, Z., Zhang, W. and Bao, X., 'Applications of In Situ NMR in Catalytic Processes of Organic Reactions,' Curr. Org. Chem., 5, 1017-1037(2001) https://doi.org/10.2174/1385272013374879
- Svelle, S., Bjorgen, M., Kolboe, S., Kuck, D., Letzel, M., Olsbye, U., Sekiguchi, O. and Uggerud, E., 'Intermediates in the Methanol- to-Hydrocarbons (MTH) Reaction: a Gas Phase Study of the Unimolecular Reactivity of Multiply Methylated Benzenium Cations,' Catal. Lett., 109(1-2), 25-35(2006) https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-006-0049-3
- Svelle, S., Aravinthan, S., Bjorgen, M., Lillerud, K.-P., Kolboe, S., Dahl, I. M. and Olsbye, U., 'The Methyl Halide to Hydrocarbon Reation over H-SAPO-34,' J. Catal., 241, 243-254(2006) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2006.04.013
- Lesthaeghe, D., Speybroeck, V. V., Marin, G. B. and Waroquier, M., 'Understanding the Failure of Direct C-C Coupling in the Zeolite-Catalyzed Methanol-to-Olefin Process,' Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 45, 1714-1719(2006) https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200503824
- Marcus, D. M., McLachlan, K. A., Wildman, M. A., Ehresmann, J. O., Kletnieks, P. W. and Haw, J. F., 'Experimental Evidence from H/D Exchange Studies for the Failure of Direct C-C Coupling Mechanism in the Methanol-to Olefin Process Catalyzed by HSAPO-34,' Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 45, 3133-3136(2006) https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200504372