함초 첨가식이가 당뇨 유발 흰쥐의 혈당 및 지질대사물에 미치는 영향

Effects of Salicornia herbacea L. Supplementation on Blood Glucose and Lipid Metabolites in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

  • 김명화 (덕성여자대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Kim, Myung-Wha (Department of Food and Nutrition, Duksung Women's University)
  • 발행 : 2007.01.31

초록

This study was designed to examine the effects of Salicornia herbacea L. (glasswort: GW) on the plasma blood glucose and lipid metabolites in diabetic rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-220g by an injection of streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in a citrate buffer into the tail vein at a dose of 45 mg/kg of body weight. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an AIN-93 recommended diet and the experimental groups were fed a modified diet containing 10% and 20% of glasswort powder for 4 weeks. The experimental groups were divided into 6 groups which consisted of normal (N)-control group, N-GW 10% and N-GW 20% treated groups, STZ-control, STZ-GW 10% and STZ-GW 20% treated groups. The rats' body weights, aminotransferase activities and hematocrit (Hct) values were measured, along with plasma levels of glucose, protein, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride (TG) and free fatty acids (FFA). The non-diabetic rats gained weight, while the diabetic rats lost weight. There were significant differences between the control group and the diabetic groups in the weight of the kidney, liver and pancreas. Asparate aminotransferase activity was lower in the non-diabetic control group compared to diabetic experimental groups, even though the difference was not significant. The plasma protein of N-GW 20% group was lower among all experimental groups but it was not significantly different. The blood glucose levels of the STZ-GW 10% group and STZ-GW 20% group were significantly lower than for the diabetic-control group. There were no significant difference of cholesterol levels among diabetic groups. The normal rats of 20% glasswort group in FFA and TG levels showed significant changes among all groups. These results exhibited dose related effect of glasswort and it may contain antihypoglycemic compounds.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Cho NH. Prevention of type II diabetes: overview of diabetes prevention trial. Kor Diabetes Assoc 26: 26-37, 2002
  2. Jho HJ, Ryu JH, Ye Sh, Kim Yl, Huh By. The discrepancy between the estimation for blood glucose control and the HbA1c value in diabetic patients. Korean J Promot Dis Pre 5: 31-36, 2005
  3. Lim HS, Chun JH, Kim YS, Nam MS. Effect of nutrition education on diabetic management in diabetic patients. Korean Nutr Soc 34: 69-78, 2001
  4. DeFronzo RA, Ferrannini E. Insulin resistance-a multifaced syndrome responsible for NIDDM, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Diabetes Care 14: 173-194, 1991 https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.14.3.173
  5. Kennedy L, Bayenes JW. Non-enzymetic glycosylation and the chronic complications of diabetes. Diabetologia 26: 93-98, 1984
  6. Cho SY, Han YB, Shin KH. Screening for antioxidant activity of edible plants. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 30: 133-137, 2001
  7. Nam SH, Kang MY. Screening of antioxidative activity of hotwater extracts from medicinal. J Korean Soc Agric Chem Biotechnol 43: 141-147, 2000
  8. Nam MS, Kim KR, Cho JH, Lee KM, Park HY, Lee EJ, Lim SK, Lee HC, Huh KB. A study on the folk remedies by the questionnaires in Korean diabetic patients. J Korean Diabetes Assoc 18: 242-248, 1994
  9. Choi JK. A edible Korean medicinal herbs. J Korean Soc Plants People & Environ 5: 7-19, 2002
  10. Netty E, Cha JY, Yingshi L, Jung MH, Shin DG, Lee BH, Lee KH, Son DY. Molecular cloning and characterization of outer envelope membrane protein from Salicornia herbacea. Korean J Plant Biotechnol 31: 273-278, 2004 https://doi.org/10.5010/JPB.2004.31.4.273
  11. El SN, Karakaya S. Radical scavenging and iron-chelating activities of some greens used as traditional dishes in Mediterranean diet. Inter J Food Nutr 55: 67-74, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1080/09637480310001642501
  12. Shay G. Saline agriculture: Salt-tolerant plants for developing countries, p. 143, National academy press. Washington, 1990
  13. Jo YC, Ahn JH, Chon SM, Lee KS, Bae TJ, Kang SK. Studies of pharmacological effects of glasswort (Salicornia herbacea L.). Korean J Medicinal Crop Sci 10: 93-99, 2002
  14. Min JG, Lee DS, Kim TJ, Park JH. Chemical composition of salicornia herbacea L.. J Food Sci Nutr 7: 105-107, 2002 https://doi.org/10.3746/jfn.2002.7.1.105
  15. Lee JT, An BJ. Detection of physical activity of Salicornia herbacea. Kor J Herbology 17: 61-69, 2002
  16. Han SK, Kim SM. Antioxidative effect of salicornia herbacea L. grown in closed sea beach. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 32: 207- 210, 2003 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2003.32.2.207
  17. Jang MS, Park JE. Optimization of ingredient mixing ratio for preparation of sulgidduk with saltwort (Salicornia herbacea L.). J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 35: 641-648, 2006 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2006.35.5.641
  18. Reeves PG. Components of the AIN-93 diets as improvements in the AIN-76A diet. J Nutr 127: 838-841, 1997 https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/127.5.838S
  19. Junod A, Lambert AE, Stauffacher W, Renod AE. Diabetogenic action of streptozotocin: relationship of dose to metabolic response. J Clin Invest 48: 2129-2139, 1969 https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI106180
  20. Junod A, Lambert AE, Orci L. Picet R, Gonet AE, Renold AE. Studies of the diabetogenic action of streptozotocin. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 126: 201-205, 1967 https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-126-32401
  21. Samson M, Fehlmann M, Dolais-Kitabgi J, Freychet P. Amino acid transport in isolated hepatocytes from streptozotocin diabetic rats. Diabetes 29: 996-1000, 1980 https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.29.12.996
  22. Wilson GL. Mechanism of streptozotocin-induced and alloxaninduced damage in rat ${\beta}$-cells. Diabetologia 27: 587-591, 1984 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00276973
  23. Raabo E, Terkildsen TC. On the enzymatic determination of blood glucose. Scand J Lab Invest 12: 402-407, 1960 https://doi.org/10.3109/00365516009065404
  24. Reitman S, Frankel S. A colorimetric method for the determination of serum glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases. Am J Clin Pathol 28: 56-63, 1957 https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/28.1.56
  25. Bauer JD. Clinical laboratory methods. 9th ed., pp.188-189, Mosby Co., 1982
  26. Gornall AG, Bardawill CS, David MM. Determination of serum protein by means of the biuret reaction. J Biol Chem 177: 751- 766, 1949
  27. Giegel JL, Ham AB, Clema W. Serum triglyceride determined colorimetry with and enzyme that produces hydrogen peroxide. Clin Chem 21: 1575-1581, 1975
  28. Allain CC, Poon LS, Chan CS, Richmond W, Pu PC. Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol. Clin Chem 20: 470-475, 1974
  29. Finley PR, Schifman RB, Williams RJ, Luchti DA. Cholesterol in high-density lipoprotein: Use of Mg2+/dextran sulfate in its measurement. Clin Chem 24: 931-933, 1978
  30. Kim JC. A summary of clinical tested. revised ed. 29: 467, 1983
  31. Brooks DP, Nutting DF, Crofton JT, Share L. Vasopressin in rats with genetic and streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Diabetes 38: 54-57, 1989 https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.38.1.54
  32. Sexton WL. Skeletal muscle vascular transport capacity in diabetic rats. Diabetes 43: 225-231, 1994 https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.43.2.225
  33. Bang MA, Kim HA, Cho YJ. Hypoglycemic and antioxidant effect of dietary Hamcho powder in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 31: 840-846, 2002 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2002.31.5.840
  34. Lee EJ, Sung MK. Effect of fiber-rich sea mustard feeding on AOM-induced colon aberrant crypt formation and colonic cell proliferation in Sprague Dawley rats. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 30: 535-539, 2001
  35. O'Meara NM, Devery RA, Owens D, Collins PB, Johson AH, Tomkin GH. Cholesterol metabolism in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. Diabetes 39: 626-633, 1990 https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.39.5.626
  36. Malabu UH, Dryden S, MacCarthy HD, Kilpatrick A, Williams G. Effects of chronic vanadate administration in the STZ-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes 43: 9-15, 1994 https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.43.1.9
  37. Sochor M, Kunjara S, Baquer NZ, McLean P. Regulation of glucose metabolism in livers and kidneys of NOD mice. Diabetes 40: 1467-1471, 1991 https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.40.11.1467
  38. Choi IK. Protective effect of salicornia herbacea L. against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Duksung Bull Pharm Sci 9: 51-69, 1998
  39. Lee CH, Kim IH, Kim YE, Oh SW, Lee HJ. Determination of betaine from Salicornia herbacea L.. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 33: 1584-1587, 2004 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2004.33.9.1584
  40. Kim SK, Kim YC. The effect of repeated betaine treatment on hepatotoxity and cytochrome P-450 dependant drug metabolizing enzyme system. Yakhak Hoeji 40: 449-450, 1996
  41. Wu G, Marliss EB. Enhanced glucose metabolism and respiratory burst in peritoneal macrophages from spontaneously diabetic BB rats. Diabetes 42: 520-529, 1993 https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.42.4.520
  42. Williamson JR, Chang K, Frangos M, Hasan KS, Ido Y, Kawamura T, Nyengaard JR, van den Enden M, Kilo C, Tilton RG. Hyperglycemic pseudohypoxia and diabetic complications. Diabetes 42: 801-813, 1993 https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.42.6.801
  43. Youn JH, Kim JK, Buchanan TA. Time courses of changes in hepatic and skeletal muscle insulin action and GLUT4 protein in skeletal muscle after STZ injection. Diabetes 43: 564-571, 1994 https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.43.4.564
  44. Lee KH, Chung SH. Antidiabestic effect and mechanism of Mori folium on streptozotocin induced diabetic mouse. Bull KH Pharma Sci 8: 87-99, 2000
  45. Lee HJ, Kim YA, Ahn JW, Lee BJ, Moon SG, Seo YW. Screening of peroxynitrite and DPPH radical scavenging activities from salt marsh plants. Korean J Biotechnol Bioeng 19: 57-61, 2004
  46. Dai S, McNeill JH. One year treatment of non-diabetic and streptozotocin- diabetic rats with vanadyl sulphate did not alter blood pressure or haematological indices. Pharmacol Toxicol 74: 110- 115, 1994 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0773.1994.tb01084.x
  47. Wannamethee SG, Perry IJ, Shaper AG. Hematocrit and risk of NIDDM. Diabetes 45: 576-579, 1996 https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.45.5.576
  48. Ju JS, Cho M, Koh ES, Choi MG. Effects of adrenal hormones and diets on diabetic rats. Korean J Nutrition 22: 63-69, 1989
  49. Chan KM, Chao J, Proctor GB, Garrett JR, Shori DK, Anderson LC. Tissue kallikrein and tonin levels in submandibular glands of STZ-induced diabetic rats and the effects of insulin. Diabetes 42: 113-117, 1993 https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.42.1.113
  50. Goldberg RB. Lipid disorders in diabetes. Diabets Care 4: 561-572, 1981 https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.4.5.561
  51. Harada N, Kashiwagi A, Nishio Y, Kikkawa R. Effects of cholesterol- lowering treatments on oxidative modification of plasma intermediate density lipoprotein plus low density lipoprotein fraction in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 43: 111-120, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-8227(98)00124-7
  52. Tomita T, Yamasaki Y, Kubota M, Tohdo R, Katsura M, Ikeda M, Nakahara I, Shiba Y. Matsuhisa M, Hori M. High plasma free fatty acids decrease splanchnic glucose uptake in patients with non-insulin-dependant diabetes mellitus. Endocr J 45: 165-173, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.45.45
  53. Choi JW, Sohn KH, Kim SH. Effects of nicotinamide on the serum lipid composition in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Korean Soc Food Nutr 20: 306-311, 1991
  54. Min JG, Son KT, Kim JH, Kim TJ, Park JH. Physiological and functional properties of salicornia herbacea (Tungtungmadi) leaf extracts. Nutraceuticals & Food 7: 261-264, 2002 https://doi.org/10.3746/jfn.2002.7.3.261