Assessment of Environmental Impact on the Severely Soil-Eroded Area by heavy Rainfall

집중호우로 인한 토양침식 우심지역 환경영향평가

  • Received : 2006.10.25
  • Accepted : 2007.01.15
  • Published : 2007.04.30

Abstract

The steep-sloped agricultural land was severely damaged by rainfall events during July and August every year. The objective of this study was to investigate an effects of intensive rainfall to the soil properties of the steep-sloped agricultural land. Survey sites including the Sacheon myeon area were located in Gangneung, those were severely damaged from a forest fire in April 2000. Surveys were taken at these sites after two years of forest fire and severe rainfall events in August 2002, which included an event that poured with 870 mm of rainfall in a day. After this storm, soil erosion, burying, and flooding were observed. Severe soil loss was found at lower soil-depths, greater slopes, longer slope lengths, and concave landscapes. Soil loss and land slides were often found at areas with having a coarser textures, higher bulk densities, lower water holding capacity, and lower rates of soil aggregation. Crop growth stagnation was found at the site of crop restoration because of low soil fertility and poor drainage caused by the abrupt textural changes. In conclusion, it is necessary to manage the steep-slope agricultural land based on environmental impact assessment data of macro morphological and physical characteristics by intensive rainfall.

태풍 루사시 집중호우로 인하여 농경지에 대한 피해가 극심했던 강원도 강릉지역의 강우특성과 침식, 매몰, 침수, 산불지역에 대한 피해양상을 조사하였으며, 복원대책을 요학한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 태풍루사에 의해 870 mm가 내린 강릉지역의 집중호우 확률강우 재현기간은 345년으로 분석되었다. 2. 토양침식지점과 인근지점 토양의 형태적 특성을 비교한 결과, 토양침식지점이 유효토심이 낮고, 경사장은 길고, 경사도는 높았으며, 주로 오목지형에서 토양침식에 많이 발생하였다. 3. 산불지역에서 경사가 심할수록, 지면피복도가 감소할수록 토양침식 등급이 높았는데, 저구릉에서 산악지로 갈수록, 미세지형은 볼록한 형태에서 직선형일수록 토양침식 등급이 높았다. 토양침식을 받은 지역은 혼효림 식재, Weeping love grass 등의 식재를 하고 가능한 한 단기간에 피복도를 증대시켜 2차 피해를 예방해야 할 것으로 판단된다. 4. 대부분의 농경지는 피해 후 복원이 잘 되어있으나, 일부농경지는 매몰된 모래층을 완전히 제거하지 않았기 때문에 토양의 비옥도 저하로 작물생육이 부진하였으며, 토성 급변층으로 인하여 심토에 배수 불량층이 생성되었다. 매몰된 토양을 완전히 제거하여 우량 객토원으로 객토하고 토양검정에 의한 작물별 시비처방이 필요한 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

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