Environmental Engineering Research

  • 제13권4호
  • /
  • Pages.177-183
  • /
  • 2008
  • /
  • 1226-1025(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2005-968X(eISSN)
대한환경공학회 (Korean Society of Environmental Engineers)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Ex-situ Reductive Dechlorination of Carbon Tetrachloride by Iron Sulfide in Batch Reactor

  • Choi, Kyung-Hoon (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Lee, Woo-Jin (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology)
  • 발행 : 2008.12.28
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Ex-situ reductive dechlorination of carbon tetrachloride (CT) by iron sulfide in a batch reactor was characterized in this study. Reactor scaled-up by 3.5 L was used to investigate the effect of reductant concentration on removal efficiency and process optimization for ex-situ degradation. The experiment was conducted by using both liquid-phase and gas-phase volume at pH 8.5 in anaerobic condition. For 1 mM of initial CT concentration, the removal of the target compound was 98.9% at 6.0 g/L iron sulfide. Process optimization for ex-situ treatment was performed by checking the effect of transition metal and mixing time on synthesizing iron sulfide solution, and by determining of the regeneration time. The effect of Co(II) as transition metal was shown that the reaction rate was slightly improved but the improvement was not that outstanding. The result of determination on the regeneration time indicated that regenerating reductant capacity after $1^{st}$ treatment of target compound was needed. Due to the high removal rates of CT, ex-situ reductive dechlorination in batch reactor can be used for basic treatment for the chlorinated compounds.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Tsai, T. T., Kao, C. M., Yeh, T. Y., and Lee, M. S., "Chemical Oxidation of Chlorinated Solvents in Contaminated Solvents in Contaminated Groundwater: Review," Pract. Periodical of Haz., Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Mgmt., 12(2), 116-126 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-025X(2008)12:2(116)
  2. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Contaminant Specific Fact Sheets, Volatile Organic Chemicals, Technical Version, Office of Water, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. EPA 811-F-95-004-T (1995)
  3. Doherty, R. E., "A History of the Production and Use of Carbon Tetrachloride, Tetrachloroethylene, Trichloroethylene and 1,1,1-Trichloroethane in the United States: Part 1-Historical Background; Carbon Tetrachloride and Tetrachloroethylene," Environ. Forensics, 1(2), 69-81 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1006/enfo.2000.0010
  4. Kim, Y. H., Ko, S. O., and Yoo, H. C., "Simultaneous Removal of Tetrachlorocarbon and Chromium (VI) using Zero Valent Iron," J. of KSEE, 24(11), 1949-1956 (2002)
  5. Kriegman-King, M. R. and Reinhard, M., "Transformation of Carbon Tetrachloride in the Presence of Sulfide, Biotite, and Vermiculite," Environ. Sci. Technol., 26(11), 2198-2206 (1992) https://doi.org/10.1021/es00035a019
  6. Kriegman-King, M. R. and Reinhard, M., "Transformation of Carbon Tetrachloride by Pyrite in Aqueous Solution," Environ. Sci. Technol., 28(4), 692-700 (1994) https://doi.org/10.1021/es00053a025
  7. Lee, W. and Batchelor, B., "Reductive dechlorination of chlorinated ethylenes by iron-bearing soil minerals. 1. Pyrite and magnetite," Environ. Sci. Technol., 36(23), 5147-5154 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1021/es025836b
  8. Lee, W. and Batchelor, B., "Reductive capacity of natural reductants," Environ. Sci. Technol., 37(3), 535-541 (2003) https://doi.org/10.1021/es025830m
  9. Vanstone, N., Elsner, M., Lacrampe-Couloume, G., Mabury, S., and Lollar, B. S., "Potential for Identifying Abiotic Chloroalkane Degradation Mechanisms using Carbon Isotopic Fractionation," Environ. Sci. Technol., 42(1), 126-132 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1021/es0711819
  10. Butler, E. C. and Hayes, K. F., "Factors Influencing Rates and Products in the Transformation of Trichloroethylene by Iron Sulfide and Iron Metal," Environ. Sci. Technol., 35(19), 3884-3891 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1021/es010620f
  11. Butler, E. C. and Hayes, K. F., "Effects of Solution Composition and pH on the Reductive Dechlorination of Hexachloroethane by Iron Sulfide," Environ. Sci. Technol., 32(9), 1276-1284 (1998) https://doi.org/10.1021/es9706864
  12. Hanoch, R. J., Shao, H., and Butler, E. C., "Transformation of carbon tetrachloride by bisulfide treated goethite, hematite, magnetite, and kaolinite," Chemosphere, 63(2), 323-334 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.07.016
  13. Hassan, S. M., "Reduction of halogenated hydrocarbons in aqueous media: I. Involvement of sulfur in iron catalysis," Chemosphere, 40(12), 1357-1363 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00271-4
  14. Shao, H. and Butler, E. C., "The influence of iron and sulfur mineral fractions on carbon tetrachloride transformation in model anaerobic soils and sediments," Chemosphere, 68(10), 1807-1813 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.04.048
  15. Jeong, H. Y. and Hayes, K. F., "Impact of Transition Metals on Reductive Dechlorination Rate of Hexachloroethane by Mackinawite," Environ. Sci. Technol., 37(20), 4650-4655 (2003) https://doi.org/10.1021/es0340533
  16. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, In Situ Thermal Treatment of Chlorinated Solvents: Fundamentals and Field Applications, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. EPA 542-R-04-010 (2004)
  17. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Treatment of volatile organic compounds in drinking water, Drinking Water Research Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH EPA-600/8-83-019 (1983)
  18. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Engineered Approaches to In Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents: Fundamentals and Field Applications, Solid Waste and Emergency Response, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH EPA 542-F-00-014 (2000)
  19. Long, J. L., Stensel, H. D., Ferguson, J. F., Strand, S. E., and Ongerth, J. E., "Anaerobic and aerobic treatment of chlorinated aliphatic compounds," J. Environ. Eng., 119(2), 300-320 (1993) https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1993)119:2(300)
  20. Sakai, S. I., Hayakawa, K., Takatsuki, H., and Kawakami, I., "Dioxin-like PCBs Released from Waste Incineration and Their Deposition Flux," Environ. Sci. Technol., 35(18), 3601-3607 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1021/es001945j
  21. Ohandja, D. G. and Stuckey, C. S., "Biodegradation of PCE in a Hybrid Membrane Aerated Biofilm Reactor," J. Environ. Eng., 133(1), 20-27 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2007)133:1(20)
  22. Gupta, S. K. and Mali, S. C., "Reductive dechlorination of 1,2-dichloroethane using anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR)," Wat. Sci. Technol., 57(2), 225-229 (2008) https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.012
  23. Lide, D. R. (Ed.), CRC handbook of chemistry and physics, 86th, CRC press, Boca Raton, FL (2005)
  24. Williams, A. G. B. and Scherer, M. M., "Spectroscopic Evidence for Fe(II)-Fe(III) Electron Transfer at the Iron Oxide-Water Interface," Environ. Sci. Technol., 38(18), 4782-4790 (2004) https://doi.org/10.1021/es049373g
  25. Fennelly, J. P. and Roberts, A. L., "Reaction of 1,1,1-Trichloroethane with Zero-Valent Methals and Bimetallic Reductants," Environ. Sci. Technol., 32(13), 1980-1988 (1998) https://doi.org/10.1021/es970784p
  26. Kim, Y. -H. and Carraway, E. R., "Dechlorination of Pentachlorophenol by Zero Valent Iron and Modified Zero Valent Irons," Environ. Sci. Technol., 34(10), 2014-2017 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1021/es991129f
  27. Contamination episode of carbon tetrachloride (Water quality standard for human health), Water Quality Korea National Water Environmental Information System, http:// water.nier.go.kr/weis/

피인용 문헌

  1. Understanding the Operating Mode of Fe0/Fe-Sulfide/H2O Systems for Water Treatment vol.8, pp.4, 2008, https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8040409