Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology

The Korean Society of Environmental Health and Toxicology (환경독성보건학회)
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Effect of Exposure Chlorpyrifos (CPF) on Survival, Hatching rate, Reproductivity and Histological Changes of Japanese Medaka, Oryzias latipes

Chlorpyrifos(CPF)가 송사리, Oryzias latipe의 생존, 부화율, 번식력에 미치는 영향 및 조직학적 변화

  • Published : 2008.09.30
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Abstract

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a widely used organophosphate insecticide. Japanese medaka, Oryzias latipes was selected to investigate the effects of chlorpyrifos on survival rate, hatching rate, reproductivity and histopathological changes. Adult fish were exposed to CPF at concentrations of 20, 40, 80 and $160{\mu}g/L$, and the test duration was 4 weeks. An experiment with eggs was also performed under CPF exposure continued for 7 days covering from the fecundation to end-hatching stages. Survival rate of the adult medaka decreased in CPF $80{\mu}g/L$ and $160{\mu}g/L$ treatment groups compared with control, solvent control, $20{\mu}g/L$ or $40{\mu}g/L$L treatment group. Spontaneous start of feeding significantly decreased compared with the control (p < 0.01) when exposed to CPF at above 40 $\mu g/L$. Total spawning decreased by the 20 or $40{\mu}g/L$ CPF treatment compared with the control or solvent control in the test with eggs obtained from untreated adult medaka, and abnormal eggs increased in those CPF-treated groups. There were certain adverse effects at above $40{\mu}g/L$ determined from liver and gonad histological examinations. The results indicate that CPF has insignificant toxic effects in Japanese medaka at less than $20{\mu}g/L$ in long term exposure.

Chlorpyrifos(CPF)는 유기인계 농약으로 널리 사용되고 있는 물질과 사육 및 관리가 쉽고 계대사육이 가능하며 국내 및 미국 EPA와 OECD 등에서 환경독성시험용 공시 어종인 송사리, Oryzias latipes를 이용해 CPF가 수서생물에 미칠 수 있는 영향을 간접적으로 평가하여 어독성에 대한 기초 자료를 제시하고 송사리 성어의 간과 생식소를 대상으로 조직학적 병변현상을 검토하고자 실험을 실시하였다. CPF에 노출 농도는 control(대조구 I), solvent control (대조구 II), 20, 40, 80, $160{\mu}g/L$로 설정하였으며, 실험기간은 성어기 4주 실험을 실시하였고, 난 실험은 성어에서 산란된 난을 가지고 계속 같은 환경에서 수정 후부터 부화종료 7일 후까지 실험을 실시하였다. 성어의 생존율은 대조구 I, 대조구 II, 20, $40{\mu}g/L$에 비해 80과 $160{\mu}g/L$에서 생존율이 감소하였고, 섭이율에 있어서도 $40{\mu}g/L$ 이상에 노출되었을 때 대조구보다 유의한 차이를 보였다. 성어에서 산란된 총 난 생산량은 대조구에 비해 CPF에 노출된 처리구에서 적었으며, 비정상 난은 20과 $40{\mu}g/L$ 처리구에서 높게 나왔다. 또한 간과 생식소에서 40, 80 그리고 $160{\mu}g/L$에서 조직학적 변화를 관찰한 수 있었다. 본 결과로부터 CPF가 $20{\mu}g/L$부터 환경에 지속적으로 CPF에 노출되었을 때 영향이 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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