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Antioxidant Activity of Black Garlic (Allium sativum L.)

흑마늘의 항산화 활성

  • Shin, Jung-Hye (Dept. of Hotel Culinary Arts & Bakery, Namhae College) ;
  • Choi, Duck-Joo (Dept. of Hotel Culinary Arts Jaineung College) ;
  • Lee, Soo-Jung (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Cha, Ji-Young (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Sung, Nak-Ju (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 신정혜 (남해대학 호텔조리제빵과) ;
  • 최덕주 (재능대학 호텔조리외식과) ;
  • 이수정 (경상대학교 식품영양학과.농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 차지영 (경상대학교 식품영양학과.농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 성낙주 (경상대학교 식품영양학과.농업생명과학연구원)
  • Published : 2008.08.30

Abstract

The antioxidant activities of hot water and ethanol extracts from fresh, steamed and black garlic were compared. The levels of phenolic compounds of extracts from fresh, steamed and black garlic were $0.81{\sim}0.99\;mg$/100 g and their contents were not significantly different. The contents of flavonoids in ethanol extracts, $0.96{\pm}0.05{\sim}1.06{\pm}0.09\;mg$/100 g, was higher than hot water extracts. DPPH radical scavenging activity was higher in ethanol extract. Although the highest level was $69.40{\pm}0.13%$ in concentration of 10 mg/mL from black garlic ethanol extract, ethanol extracts showed $50.55{\pm}1.40%$ in concentration of 15 mg/mL. Reducing power was significantly higher in black garlic extract and higher in the order of black garlic> fresh garlic> steamed garlic in ethanol extract. Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity was higher in ethanol extract, showing over 60% in concentration of 5 mg/mL. In oil emulsion, TBA value was significantly lower in hot water extracts from black garlic, however ethanol extracts were not significantly different. TBA value of ethanol extract were $1.49{\pm}0.08{\sim}2.11{\pm}0.16\;MA\;mg/kg$ and $1.33{\pm}0.18{\sim}1.62{\pm}0.19\;MA\;mg/kg$ from steamed and black garlic, respectively. Antioxidant activity to the linoleic acid was $72.71{\pm}2.17{\sim}88.74{\pm}3.70%$ in 1-day storage, but its level was increased at 4-day storage to $86.67{\pm}3.76{\sim}92.50{\pm}0.87%$.

마늘의 매운 맛과 향을 감소시켜 섭취가 용이하도록 가열 숙성하여 제조된 흑마늘의 항산화 활성을 생마늘 및 찐마늘과 비교 평가함으로써 마늘의 전처리 방법에 따른 항산화 효능을 확인하고자 각각의 열수 및 에탄올 추출물에 대한 항산화 활성을 측정하였다. 생마늘, 찐마늘 및 흑마늘의 열수와 에탄올 추출물 총 페놀의 함량은 $0.81{\sim}0.99\;mg$/100 g의 범위였으나 시료간 및 추출 용매간에 유의적인 함량 차이는 없었다. 플라보노이드 함량은 에탄올 추출물에서 $0.96{\pm}0.05{\sim}1.06{\pm}0.09\;mg$/100 g으로 더 높게 정량되었다. 전자공여능은 생마늘과 찐마늘 추출물의 경우 열수 추출물에 비하여 에탄올 추출물에서 활성이 더 높았고, 활성이 가장 높았던 흑마늘의 경우 열수 추출물 10 mg/mL 농도에서 $69.40{\pm}0.13%$의 활성을 나타내었으나 에탄올 추출물은 15 mg/mL 농도에서도 $50.55{\pm}1.40%$의 활성을 나타내었다. 흑마늘 추출물에서만 유의적으로 높은 환원력을 나타내었고 에탄올 추출물에서는 흑마늘>생마늘>찐마늘 순으로 환원력이 높았다. Hydroxyl radical 소거활성은 물추출물에 비하여 에탄올 추출물에서 월등히 높아 5 mg/mL 이상의 농도에서는 60% 이상의 높은 활성을 나타내었다. Oil emulsion 상에서 TBA 생성량은 열수추출물의 경우 흑마늘 추출물이 유의적으로 낮았으며, 에탄올 추출물은 시료간의 유의적인 차이가 미미하였다. 찐마늘과 흑마늘 에탄올 추출물에서 TBA 생성량은 각각 $1.49{\pm}0.08{\sim}2.11{\pm}0.16\;MA\;mg/kg$$1.33{\pm}0.18{\sim}1.62{\pm}0.19\;MA\;mg/kg$으로 시료의 첨가농도에 따른 유의적인 차이가 없었다. Linoleic acid에 대한 항산화능은 저장 1일의 $72.71{\pm}2.17{\sim}88.74{\pm}3.70%$에 비하여 저장 4일에는 $86.67{\pm}3.76{\sim}92.50{\pm}0.87%$로 항산화 활성이 오히려 더 증가하였다.

Keywords

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