A Study on Comparison of Characteristics of Fermentability and Fermented Broth for Houttuynia Cordata Thunb Extracts

어성초 추출물의 발효적성 및 발효액의 특성 비교

  • Kim, Mi-Lim (Faculty of Herbal Cuisine and Nutrition, Daegu Haany University)
  • 김미림 (대구한의대학교 한방식품조리영양학부)
  • Published : 2009.02.28

Abstract

This study was to separate wild yeast from the Houttuynia Cordata Thunb(HC) extracts fermented in traditional way and investigate the characteristics of fermentation from the HC extracts. As a result, the longer the cultivation time, the more the contents of alcohol in $15^{\circ}Brix$ sugar solutions increased. When it reached to 90 hours since it cultivated, it ranked HCE 12%, HCD 11.2%, and HCA 10.5% in order. As for HCF, HCG, HCB, and HCC), this study has shown that the contents of alcohol were from 7.5% through 8.5%. As a result of selecting germ strains like HCE and HCD with the highest alcohol-genicity in the sugar solutions as separated yeast from HC and of comparing and reviewing the existing Saccharomyces germ strains and fermentation power in the medium of HC(Juice extraction of HC : Distilled water(1:1), this study has found out that 'pH' decreased from $4.09{\sim}4.12$ before fermentation through $3.57{\sim}3.78$ after fermentation. And, the sugar concentration decreased from $15.00{\sim}15.19^{\circ}Brix$ through $7.75{\sim}9.57^{\circ}Brix$ before fermentation. Also, the acid value increased from $0.138{\sim}0.210%$ before fermentation through $0.282{\sim}0.45%$ after fermentation. In addition, as the contents of alcohol became $3.6{\sim}4.6%$ after fermentation, isolates HCD and HCE from HC had higher value rather than ones of DJ97, YJK, R12, and RCY separated from persimmons, apples, and grapes. The result value of color was minimum $4.75{\pm}1.44$ and maximum $6.85{\pm}1.63$, and HCE marked the highest record among the items of sensory evaluation. The overall acceptability was in normal level like minimum $3.95{\pm}1.17$ and maximum $5.00{\pm}1.41$. It is considered as it could lower sensory evaluation because the acceptability of flavor was not satisfied. After all, the significance(p<0.05) among the germ strains was not recognized in aspects of color, flagrance, flavor, and overall acceptability.

어성초가 자연발효에 의존할 경우 잡균 및 산막효모의 오염 및 발효기간이 오래 걸린다는 단점이 있다. 본 연구는 전통적인 방법으로 발효된 어성초 엑기스에서 야생효모를 분리하고, 어성초 추출물에서의 발효 특성을 검토하였다. 그 결과, $15^{\circ}Brix$ 당용액에서 알코올 함량은 배양시간이 길어질수록 증가하여 배양 90시간째에 HCE 12%, HCD 11.2%, HCA 10.5% 순으로 높았다. HCF, HCG, HCB, HCC는 알코올 함량이 $7.5{\sim}8.5%$ 사이였다. 당용액에서 알코올 생성능이 가장 높은 HCE와 HCD 균주를 어성초 분리효모로 선정하고, 어성초배지(어성초 착즙액:증류수(1:1)에서 기존 Saccharomyces 균주와 발효력 비교 검토 결과, pH는 발효 전 $4.09{\sim}4.12$에서 발효 후 $3.57{\sim}3.78$로, 당도는 발효전 $15.00{\sim}15.19$에서 $7.75{\sim}9.57$로 감소하였다. 산도는 발효전 $0.138{\sim}0.210$에서 발효 후 $0.282{\sim}0.450$으로 증가하였으며, 알코올 함량은 발효 후 $3.6{\sim}4.6$으로 어성초 분리균인 HCD와 HCE가 감, 사과 및 포도에서 분리한 DJ97, YJK, R12, RCY 보다 소폭 높았다. 발효된 어성초배양액은 어성초 특유의 강한 비린내가 감소하고 생성된 알코올로 인해향은 보통 수준 이상의 관능평가를 얻었으나, 맛은 보통 이하로 낮은 관능평가를 얻었다. 색은 최저 $4.75{\pm}1.44$, 최고 $6.85{\pm}1.63$으로 HCE가 관능항목 중 가장 높은 점수를 얻었다. 전반적인 기호도는 최저 $3.95{\pm}1.17$, 최고 $5.00{\pm}1.41$로 보통의 수준으로 이는 맛의 기호도가 충족되지 못하여 낮은 관능평가를 얻은 것으로 사료된다. 그러나, 색, 향, 맛, 전반적인 기호도에서 균주간의 유의성(p<0.05)은 인정되지 않았다. 어성초 특유의 비린내를 보완할 수 있는 부재료를 첨가하여 맛을 완화시킬 수 있다면 어성초를 이용한 약용주의 개발도 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Kwun, J.A. (1998) About Houttuynia cordata Thunb. Korean Oriental Drug. 2, 218-221
  2. Shin, S.E., Suh, D.S., Ding, J.L. and Cha, W.S. (2006) Chemical characterization and antibacterial effect of volatile flavor concentrate from Houttuynia cordata Thunb. Life Sci. 16, 297-301
  3. Cho, Y.S., Kim, Y.T., Shon, M.Y. and Choi, S.H. (2000) Comparison of chemical compositions of Houttuynia cordata Thunb cultivated from different local area. Korean J. Postharvest Sci. Technol. 7, 108-112
  4. Cho, Y.S., Kim, Y.T., Shon, M.Y., Choi, S.H., Lee, Y.S. and Seo, K.I. (2000) Comparison of chemical compositions of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. cultivated from different local area. Korean J. Postharvest Sci. Technol. 7, 108-112
  5. Hibbeln, J.R. and Salem, N. (1991) Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid and depression: When cholesterol dose not satisfy. Am. J. Clin, Nutr. 54, 438-463
  6. Kim, K.Y., Chung, D.O. and Chung, H.J. (1997) Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 29, 400-407
  7. Kwon, R.H., Kang, K.S., Kim, I.D. and Ha, B.J. (2008) The Correlativity of lipopolysaccharide and Houttuynia cordata Thunb mixture extract to lipid metabolism. J. Toxicol. Pub. Health 23, 341-345
  8. Chin, J.E. and Cho, N.C. (2005) Effect of Houttuynia cordata extracts on tyrosinase gene expression. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 34, 1284-1288 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2005.34.8.1284
  9. Lee, S.H., Park, J.S., Kim, S.Y., Kim, J.J. and Chung, S.R. (1997) The screening of the inhibitory compounds on tyrosinase activity from the natural product. Yakhak Hoeji 41, 456-461
  10. Jeong, H., Park, Y.G., Shin, U.K., Shin, S.K., Baek, S.K., Lee, M.H. and Park, Y.I. (1997) Tyrosinase inhibition activity of some herbal drugs. Yakhak Hoeji 41, 518-523
  11. Seo, D.H. and Han, D.S. (2003) Anticancer effects of hexane soluble extract of Houttuynia cordata against cancer cell lines. Oral Anatomy, School of dentistry, Wonkwang University. 12, 263-285
  12. Choi, Y.H, Kim, E.Y., Park, K.Y., Rhee, S.H. and Lee, W.H. (1994) Antimutagenic effects of the juice and boiling water extract of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. J Korean Soc. Food Nutr. 23, 916-921
  13. Song, J.H., Kim, M.J., Kwon, H.D. and Park, I.H. (2003) Antimicrobial activity of fraction extracts from Houttuynia cordata root. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 32, 1053-1058 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2003.32.7.1053
  14. Kim, K.Y., Chung, D.O. and Chung, H.J. (1997) Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of Houttuynia cortata Thunb. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol 29, 400-406
  15. Sung, N.J., Lee, S.J., Shin, J.H., Chung, M.J. and Lim, S.S. (1998) Effects of Houttuynia cordata Thunb powder and juice on lipid composition of liver, brain and kidney in dietary Hypercholesterolemic rats. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 27, 1230-1235
  16. AOAC. (1980) Official methods of analysis. 13th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington DC. p. 180
  17. National Tax Service Technical Service Institute. (1999) Alcoholic beverage analysis rule. Sejung Pub. Co., Seoul, Korea, p. 196
  18. Moon, Y.J., Lee, M.S. and Sung, C.K. (2004) The fermentation properties of red wine using active dry yeast strains. Korean J. Food Nutr. 17, 450-457
  19. Choi, H.S., Kim, M.K., Park, H.S., and Shin D.H. (2005) Changes in physicochemical characteristics of Bokbunja (Rubus coreanus Miq.) wine during fermentation. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 37, 574-578
  20. Cho, K.M., Lee, J.B., Kahng, G.G. and Seo, W.T. (2006) A study on the making of sweet persimmon (Diospyros kaki, T) wine. Korean J. Dood Sci. Technol. 38, 785-792
  21. Kang, T.S., Woo, K.S., Lee, J.S. and Jeong, H.S. (2006) Fermentation characteristics of wine using fresh jujube. Food Engineer. Prog., 10, 164-171
  22. Jeong, H.S., Kang, T.S., Woo, K.S., Paek, K.Y., Yu, K.W. and Yang, S.J. (2005) Effects of cultured wild ginseng roots on the alcoholic fermentation. Korean J. Food Preserv. 12, 402-410
  23. Jeong, E.J., Kim, Y.S., Jeong, D.Y. and Shin, D.H. (2006) Yeast selection and comparison of sterilization method for making strawberry wine and changes of physicochemical charateristics during its fermentation. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 38, 642-647