DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Rapid Detection of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) in Chickens by an Immunochromatographic Assay Kit

  • Choi, Kang-Seuk (Avian Diseases Division, National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service) ;
  • Oh, Jin-Sik (BioNote, Inc.) ;
  • Jeon, Woo-Jin (Avian Diseases Division, National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service) ;
  • Na, Keon-Sok (BioNote, Inc.) ;
  • Lee, Eun-Kyoung (Avian Diseases Division, National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service) ;
  • Lee, Youn-Jeong (Avian Diseases Division, National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service) ;
  • Sung, Hwan-Woo (Kangwon National University) ;
  • Ha, Gun-Woo (BioNote, Inc.) ;
  • Kwon, Jun-Hun (Avian Diseases Division, National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service)
  • Received : 2010.04.27
  • Accepted : 2010.06.09
  • Published : 2010.06.30

Abstract

An immunochromatograhy (IC) based infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) detection kit, which employed two anti-IBDV VP2 monoclonal antibodies, was evaluated for rapid diagnosis of infectious bursal disease virus (IBD). The detection limit of the IC kit for IBDV was $10^{3.1}$ to $10^{3.9}$ $EID_{50}$/mL, indicating that the IC kit detected IBDV sensitively as same as double antigen capture ELISA but less than a RT-PCR assay. The IC kit did not detect other viral pathogens such as Newcastle disease virus, infectious bronchitis, avian influenza virus, and infectious larynotracheitis virus. When applied to tissue samples of experimental chickens died 3 or 4 days post infection after very virulent IBDV (strain Kr/D62) infection, the IC kit detected IBDV in all samples of the bursa of Fabricius, spleen, kidney, cecal tonsil and in 87.5%, 37.5% and 0% of liver, thymus and proventriculus samples. In particular, BF tissue samples showed stronger signal bands than other tissues. Positive signal was observed. All except for one thymus sample of samples having negative results by the IC kit showed the same result with DAS-ELISA but RT-PCR assay detected IBDV in some of IC kit negative samples of thymus and proventriculus. When swab samples from the bursa of Fabricius of dead chickens (n=231) on field farms were tested, the sensitivity and specificity of the IC assay relative to RT-PCR was 100% (109/109) and 97.5% (119/122), respectively and kappa value between both assay was 0.97. The kit can provide a useful aid for rapid detection of IBDV in chickens under field circumstances.

닭 전염성 F낭병 (IBD)은 닭에서 전염성이 강하고 발병으로 인하여 양계 산업에 막대한 경제적 피해를 입히는 닭의 바이러스성 전염병이다. 이 연구에서는 수 분 이내에 검사 시료로부터 닭 전염성 F낭병 바이러스를 검출할 수 있는 시판용 면역크로마토그래피법 검사 킷트를 이용하여 IBD 진단에 있어서의 유용성을 조사하였다. 사용한 면역크로마토그래피법 검사 킷트는 닭 전염성 F낭병 바이러스 VP2에 특이적인 단클론 항체를 이용하여 닭 전염성 F낭병 바이러스를 검출하도록 고안되었다. 바이러스 감염 역가를 알고 있는 IBDV를 사용하여 조사한 결과, IC 검사 킷트의 검출 한계는 $10^{3.1}$ 내지 $10^{3.9}$ $EID_{50}$/mL이었다. 이 검사 킷트는 닭의 다른 전염성 바이러스인 뉴캣슬병 바이러스, 닭 전염성 기관지염 바이러스, 조류인플루엔자 바이러스 및 전염성 후두기관염 바이러스에 대하여 비특이 반응을 나타내지 않았다. 고병원성의 IBDV를 실험적으로 감염시킨 후 3일 내지 4일에 폐사한 닭의 장기별로 조사한 결과, 모든 폐사 닭의 F낭, 장편도, 비장, 신장 시료들은 면역크로마토그래피법 검사 킷트에서 강한 양성반응을 나타내었다. 검사 시료 중 F낭 시료가 IC 검사 킷트에서 가장 강한 양성반응을 나타내었다. 폐사 닭의 간, 흉선, 선위의 경우, 각각 검사시료의 87.5%, 37.5% and 0%가 양성 반응을 나타내었다. 면역크로마토그래피법 검사 킷트에서 음성이었던 시료 중 흉선 시료 한 점을 제외한 모든 시료는 DAS-ELISA와 동일한 검사 결과를 나타내었으나, 검사 시료 중 흉선과 선위 일부에서 RT-PCR 검사에서 양성 반응을 나타내었다. 야외 IBD 발생 농장과 비발생 농장에서 수거한 폐사닭 231수의 조직을 면봉으로 도말하여 채취한 시료를 조사하여 RT-PCR법과 비교한 결과, 상대적 민감도와 특이도는 각각 100% (109/109) 및 97.5% (119/122)를 나타났으며, 두 검사 방법간 kappa value는 0.97이었다. 우리의 연구 결과는 IC 검사 킷트는 야외 양계 농장에서 폐사 닭을 대상으로 IBD를 진단하는 데 적용하기에 매우 유용하다는 것을 말해준다.

Keywords

References

  1. Barlic-Maganja D, Zorman-Rojs O, Grom J 2002 Detection of infectious bursal disease virus in different lymphoid organs by single-step reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and microplate hybridization assay. J Vet Diagn Invest 14:243-246. https://doi.org/10.1177/104063870201400310
  2. Chettle N, Stuart JC, Wyeth PJ 1989 Outbreak of virulent infectious bursal disease in East Anglia. Vet Rec 125:271-272. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.125.10.271
  3. Di Fabio J, Rossini LI, Eterradossi N, Toquin MD, Gardin Y 1999 European-like pathogenic infectious bursal disease viruses in Brazil. Vet Rec 145:203-204.
  4. Ismail NM, Saif YM, Moorhead PD 1988 Lack of pathogenicity of five serotype 2 infectious bursal disease viruses in chickens. Avian Dis 32:757-759. https://doi.org/10.2307/1590995
  5. Jackwood DJ 2004 Recent trends in the molecular diagnosis of infectious bursal disease viruses. Anim Health Res Rev 5:313-316. https://doi.org/10.1079/AHR200490
  6. Jackwood DJ, Sommer-Wagner SE 2005 Molecular epidemiology of infectious bursal disease viruses: Distribution and genetic analysis of newly emerging viruses in the United States. Avian Dis 49:220-226. https://doi.org/10.1637/7289-101404R
  7. Jackwood DJ, Sommer-Wagner S 2007 Genetic characteristics of infectious bursal disease viruses from four continents. Virology 365:369-375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2007.03.046
  8. Jeon WJ, Chang BS, Park MJ, Lee EK, Joo HD, Kwon JH, Choi KS 2008 Detection of infectious bursal disease virus by double antibody sandwich ELISA. J Bacteriol Virol 48:139-147.
  9. Kaufer I, Weiss E 1980 Significance of bursa of Fabricius as target organ in infectious bursal disease of chickens. Infect Immun 27:364-367.
  10. Lukert PD, Saif YM 2001 Infectious bursal disease. In: Disease of Poultry, ed. Calnek BW, 10th ed., pp 721-738, Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA.
  11. Martin SW, Meek AH, Willegerg P 1988 Measurement of disease frequency and production. In: Veterinary Epidemiology. Principles and Methods, pp 48-76, Iowa State University Press, IA.
  12. Winterfield RW, Fadly AM, Bickford A 1972 Infectivity and distribution of infectious bursal disease virus in the chicken. Persistence of the virus and lesions. Avian Dis 16:622-632. https://doi.org/10.2307/1588678
  13. Wu CC, Rubinelli P, Lin TL 2007 Molecular detection and differentiation of infectious bursal disease virus. Avian Dis 51:515-526. https://doi.org/10.1637/0005-2086(2007)51[515:MDADOI]2.0.CO;2
  14. Zhang GP, Li QM, Yang YY, Guo JQ, Li XW, Deng RG, Xiao ZJ, Xing GX, Yang JF, Zhao D, Cai SJ, Zang WM 2005 Development of a one-step strip test for the diagnosis of chicken infectious bursal disease. Avian Dis 49:177-181. https://doi.org/10.1637/7272-090704R

Cited by

  1. Efficient self-assembly and protective efficacy of infectious bursal disease virus-like particles by a recombinant baculovirus co-expressing precursor polyprotein and VP4 vol.12, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-015-0403-4