Comparison of Anticancer Activities of Berberis koreana Extracts Obtained by Different Extraction Processes

추출 공정별 매자나무 추출물의 항암활성 비교

  • Ha, Ji-Hye (Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kwon, Min-Cheol (Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Seo, Yong-Chang (Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Choi, Woon-Yong (Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Chung, Eul-Kwon (Myung Jin Farm Coperation) ;
  • Chung, Ae-Ran (Myung Jin Farm Coperation) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Chul (Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Ahn, Ju-Hee (Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Hyeon-Yong (Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University)
  • 하지혜 (강원대학교 바이오산업공학부) ;
  • 권민철 (강원대학교 바이오산업공학부) ;
  • 서용창 (강원대학교 바이오산업공학부) ;
  • 최운용 (강원대학교 바이오산업공학부) ;
  • 정을권 (명진농장) ;
  • 정애란 (명진농장) ;
  • 김진철 (강원대학교 바이오산업공학부) ;
  • 안주희 (강원대학교 바이오산업공학부) ;
  • 이현용 (강원대학교 생명공학연구소)
  • Received : 2009.12.08
  • Accepted : 2010.01.15
  • Published : 2010.04.30

Abstract

This study was conducted to examine the anticancer activities of Berberis koreana extracts according to different extraction processes. The highest extraction yield obtained was 8.26% following extraction by ultrasonification at 60 kHz and $60^{\circ}C$ followed by high pressure at 500MPa. Generally, the extracts from the ultrasonification process showed relatively low cytotoxicities against the human normal cell line, HEK293 showing as low as 15%. This extract inhibited the growth of the digestive related organs cell lines, human stomach adenocarcimoma cell and human epithelial adenocarcinoma cell by up to 80% when administered at 1.0 mg/mL, and showed 2.5-3.5 of selectivity. It was also found that this extract induced the production of nitric oxide levels as high $37.87\;{\mu}M$ from macrophages. For the in vivo experiment using ICR mice, the total serum IgG levels of mice treated with B. koreana extracts from ultrasonification extraction were increased by up to 57 ng/mL. The survival time of this group was longer than that of the other group after the injection of Sarcoma-180 and the increment of their body weights was also greatly suppressed. In addition, the extract showed the highest tumor inhibition activities, leading to a reduction of 78.47%. These results indicate that the highest activities of B. koreana associated with this extraction process can be significantly improved.

본 연구에서는 초고압 및 초음파 공정을 병행하여 실시하는 추출공정을 이용하여 매자나무 수피의 면역활성 및 Sarcoma-180에 의해 유발되는 복수암 및 고형암에 대한 항암활성 증진 효과를 평가하였다. 상기 추출 공정을 통해 매자나무 추출물의 수율이 일반 열수 추출에 비해 1.7배 증가하였으며, 정상세포에 대한 생존율을 80%이상 유지하는 것으로 나타나 독성 저감 효과도 갖는 것으로 확인되었다. 특히, 매자나무의 초고압, 초음파 병행 추출물이 소화기계 암세포주인 AGS와 Caco-2에 대해서 약 70%의 암세포 생육 저해활성을 나타내며, 최고 4 이상의 selectivity를 나타내며 선택적인 암세포 사멸 효과를 나타내었다. 기존의 연구에서 항암성 면역증강제로 사용되고 있는 버섯의 단백 다당체와 관련하여 영지버섯이 효과적인 항암 활성을 나타내며, 특히 위암 세포인 AGS에 대해 50 mg/mL의 고농도의 영지버섯 추출물이 76% 이상의 암세포 생육저해 활성을 나타내었다(24). 이러한 연구 결과와 비교할 때 본 연구의 매자나무 추출물이 갖는 소화기계 암세포 생육저해 활성은 매우 높다고 할 수 있다. 또한 항암성 면역 활성 측정 결과 초고압, 초음파 병행 추출물이 일반 열수 추출 공정이나 초음파, 초고압 단독 추출 공정을 통한 추출물에 비해 nitric oxide 및 IgG의 생성을 증가시키는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 초고압 및 초음파 추출 공정이 약용작물의 활성성분 용출에 기여하며, 특히 저온 초고압 추출 공정이 매자나무의 주요 활성성분인 berberine의 용출을 증가시킨다는 연구 결과(25,26)에 미루어 볼 때 초고압, 초음파 병행 추출 공정이 매자나무 활성 성분 용출에 효과적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 사료된다. In vivo 실험을 통한 추출 공정별 매자나무 추출물의 항암 활성 평가를 통해서 상기 공정을 통한 매자나무 추출물이 40% 이상의 복수암 유발 마우스의 수명율 연장과 약 75%의 고형암 억제 활성을 나타내며 효과적인 항암활성을 확인할 수 있어, 향후 항암성 면역증강제 및 기능성 항암제로서의 기능성 소재화로서의 활용성이 매우 높을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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