DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Spectral Analysis of Four Term Differential Operator

  • Received : 2009.08.04
  • Accepted : 2009.11.20
  • Published : 2010.03.31

Abstract

By strengthening dichotomy condition and weakening decay conditions, we show that a four term 2n-th order differential operator with unbounded coefficients is nonlimit-point. Using stringent conditions we show that the deficiency index of this operator is determined by the behaviour of the coefficients themselves. Similarly, we prove the absence of singular continuous spectrum and that the absolutely continuous spectrum has multiplicity two.

Keywords

References

  1. H. Behncke, The Spectrum of Differential Operators with Almost Constant Coefficients II, J. Comput. Appl.Math., 148(2002), 287-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0427(02)00586-1
  2. H. Behncke, A Spectral Theory of Higher Order Differential Operators, Proc. London Math. Soc., 92(3)(2006), 139-160. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0024611505015480
  3. H. Behncke, The Remainder in Asymptotic Integration II, to appear in Proc. Amer. Math. Soc.
  4. H. Behncke and D. B. Hinton, Eigenfunctions, Deficiency Indices and Spectra of Odd Order Differential Operators, Proc. London Math. Soc., (3) 97(2008), 425-449. https://doi.org/10.1112/plms/pdn002
  5. H. Behncke and C. Remling, Asymptotic Integration of Linear Differential Equations, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 210(1997), 585-597. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmaa.1997.5415
  6. H. Behncke and C. Remling, Uniform Asymptotic Integration of a Family of Linear Differential System, Math. Nachr., 225(2001), 5-17. https://doi.org/10.1002/1522-2616(200105)225:1<5::AID-MANA5>3.0.CO;2-K
  7. H. Behncke, D. Hinton, and C. Remling, The Spectrum of Differential Operators of Order 2n with Almost Constant Coefficients, Differential Equations, 175(2001), 130-162. https://doi.org/10.1006/jdeq.2000.3963
  8. M. S. P. Eastham, The Deficiency Index of Even Order Differential Equations, J. London Math. Soc., 26(1982), 113-116. https://doi.org/10.1112/jlms/s2-26.1.113
  9. M. S. P. Eastham, Repeated Diagonalization and Extended Liouville-Green asymptotic Formulae, J. London Math. Soc., (2) 36(1987), pp 115. https://doi.org/10.1112/jlms/s2-36.1.115
  10. M. S. P. Eastham, The Asymptotic Solutions of Linear Differential Systems, London Math. Soc., Monographs New Series (Oxford University Press, Oxford), 1989.
  11. W. N. Everitt and D. Race, Some Remarks on Linear Ordinary quasi-differential Expressions, Proc. London Math. Soc., (3) 54(1987), 300-320. https://doi.org/10.1112/plms/s3-54.2.300
  12. A. P. Griffiths, Introduction to Algebraic Curves, American Mathematic Soc., Beijing University Press., Beijing., 1989.
  13. D. B. Hinton and A. Schneider, On the Titchmarsh-Weyl Coefficients for Singular S-Hermitian Systems I, Math. Nachr., 163(1993), 323-342. https://doi.org/10.1002/mana.19931630127
  14. D. B. Hinton and J. K. Shaw, On the Titchmarsh-Weyl M($\lambda$)-Functions for Linear Hamiltonian Systems, J. Differential Equations, 40(1981), 316-342. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0396(81)90002-4
  15. C. Remling, Spectral Analysis of Higher Order Differential operator I, general properties of the M-Functions, J. London. Math. Soc., 58(2)(1998), 367-380. https://doi.org/10.1112/S0024610798006474
  16. C. Remling, Spectral Analysis of Higher Order Differential operator II, Fourth Order Equations, J. London Math. Soc., 59(2)(1999), 188-206. https://doi.org/10.1112/S0024610799007012
  17. P. W. Walker, A Vector-Matrix Formulation for Formally Symmetric Ordinary Differential Equations with Applications to Solutions of Integrable Square, J. London Math. Soc., 9(1974), 151-159. https://doi.org/10.1112/jlms/s2-9.1.151
  18. J. Weidmann, Spectral Theory of Ordinary Differential Operators, Springer Lect. Notes, 1258, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1987.