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Bone regeneration effects of human allogenous bone substitutes: a preliminary study

  • Lee, Deok-Won (Department of Periodontology and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Dentistry) ;
  • Koo, Ki-Tae (Department of Periodontology and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Dentistry) ;
  • Seol, Yang-Jo (Department of Periodontology and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Dentistry) ;
  • Lee, Yong-Moo (Department of Periodontology and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Dentistry) ;
  • Ku, Young (Department of Periodontology and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Dentistry) ;
  • Rhyu, In-Chul (Department of Periodontology and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Dentistry) ;
  • Chung, Chong-Pyoung (Department of Periodontology and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Dentistry) ;
  • Kim, Tae-Il (Department of Periodontology and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Dentistry)
  • Received : 2010.04.26
  • Accepted : 2010.06.01
  • Published : 2010.06.30

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the bone regeneration effects of cortical, cancellous, and cortico-cancellous human bone substitutes on calvarial defects of rabbits. Methods: Four 8-mm diameter calvarial defects were created in each of nine New Zealand white rabbits. Freeze-dried cortical bone, freeze-dried cortico-cancellous bone, and demineralized bone matrix with freeze-dried cancellous bone were inserted into the defects, while the non-grafted defect was regarded as the control. After 4, 8, and 12 weeks of healing, the experimental animals were euthanized for specimen preparation. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was performed to calculate the percent bone volume. After histological evaluation, histomorphometric analysis was performed to quantify new bone formation. Results: In micro-CT evaluation, freeze-dried cortico-cancellous human bone showed the highest percent bone volume value among the experimental groups at week 4. At week 8 and week 12, freeze-dried cortical human bone showed the highest percent bone volume value among the experimental groups. In histologic evaluation, at week 4, freeze-dried cortico-cancellous human bone showed more prominent osteoid tissue than any other group. New bone formation was increased in all of the experimental groups at week 8 and 12. Histomorphometric data showed that freeze-dried cortico-cancellous human bone showed a significantly higher new bone formation percentile value than any other experimental group at week 4. At week 8, freeze-dried cortical human bone showed the highest value, of which a significant difference existed between freeze-dried cortical human bone and demineralized bone matrix with freeze-dried cancellous human bone. At week 12, there were no significant differences among the experimental groups. Conclusions: Freeze-dried cortico-cancellous human bone showed swift new bone formation at the 4-week healing phase, whereas there was less difference in new bone formation among the experimental groups in the following healing phases.

Keywords

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