Journal of Animal Science and Technology

Korean Society of Animal Sciences and Technology (한국축산학회)
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Effects of Dietary Pro-biotics and Immunomodulator as an Alternative to Antibiotics in Korean Native Chicken

토종 육계에 있어서 복합 생균제 및 면역증강제의 항생제 대체효과

  • Lee, Sang-Bum (Department of Animal Science, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Byung-Kuk (Department of Animal Science, Pusan National University) ;
  • Park, Chang-Ho (Department of Animal Science, Pusan National University) ;
  • Park, Gun-Hyun (Department of Marine Bio-materials and Aquaculture / FFNRC, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Jin, Yong-Cheng (Department of Animal Science, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kang, Han-Suk (Department of Animal Science, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Young-Chul (Department of Marine Bio-materials and Aquaculture / FFNRC, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Kim, Youn-Chil (Green Filed EM Bio Feed Co. Ltd) ;
  • Bai, Sung-Chul C. (Department of Marine Bio-materials and Aquaculture / FFNRC, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Kim, Seon-Ku (Department of Animal Science, Pusan National University) ;
  • Choi, Yun-Jaie (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lee, Hong-Gu (Department of Animal Science, Pusan National University)
  • 이상범 (부산대학교 동물생명자원과학과) ;
  • 김병극 (부산대학교 동물생명자원과학과) ;
  • 박창호 (부산대학교 동물생명자원과학과) ;
  • 박건현 (부경대학교 해양바이오신소재학과/사료영양연구소) ;
  • 김영성 (부산대학교 동물생명자원과학과) ;
  • 강한석 (부산대학교 동물생명자원과학과) ;
  • 김영철 (부경대학교 해양바이오신소재학과/사료영양연구소) ;
  • 김윤칠 ((주)푸른들EM사료) ;
  • 배승철 (부경대학교 해양바이오신소재학과/사료영양연구소) ;
  • 김선구 (부산대학교 동물생명자원과학과) ;
  • 최윤재 (서울대학교 농생명공학부) ;
  • 이홍구 (부산대학교 동물생명자원과학과)
  • Received : 2011.05.24
  • Accepted : 2011.10.19
  • Published : 2011.10.31
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Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary probiotics and immunomodulator on growth performance, carcass characteristics, fecal $NH_3$ content and pathogenic bacteria counts in ileum and cecum and ileum of broiler chicken (Korean native chicken, HanHyup No. 3). A total of 120 (day-old) chicks were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 3 replicates and there were 8 birds per replicate. Dietary treatments consisted of five diets; the corn-soybean based control diet (C), the diet containing antibiotics (Avilamycin) 10 ppm (T1), the diet containing probiotics 1 [(Lactobacillus ($4.45{\times}10^6$) + yeast ($1.51{\times}10^6$) + Bacillus subtilis ($3.50{\times}10^5$)] at 0.5% level (T2), probiotics 2 [(Lactobacillus ($6.70{\times}10^7$) + yeast ($3.10{\times}10^6$)] at 0.5% level in diet (T3), and the diet containing probiotics 3 [T2 + ${\beta}$-glucan + organic acid] (T4) and raised for 9 weeks. There were no significant differences among treatments in weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion. Carcass ratios of broilers were higher in T3 and T4 than other treatments, however, the differences were non-significant. Internal organs and liver, heart weight were significantly increased in T4 (p<0.05) compared to other treatments. The fecal $NH_3$ gas content was decreased (p<0.05) in antibiotics fed group than others. However, probiotic fed groups were not different when compared with control. The number of Salmonella and E. coli in cecum were reduced in the group supplemented with probiotics and immunomodulator compared to the antibiotics (p<0.05). In this experiment, we showed that diets containing pro-biotics and immunomodulator were capable of an alternative to antibiotics.

복합생균제의 급여가 육계의 생산성, 도체특성, 분중 $NH_3$ 가스 생성량 및 장내 병원성 미생물 억제효과에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 토종 닭 육계 병아리 120수를 이용하여 9주간 시험을 실시하였다. 실험은 5처리 3반복의 완전임의 배치법으로 설계 하였으며, 처리 당 24수씩 배치하였다. 처리내용은 C (대조구로서 기초사료만 급여), T1 (기초사료에 항생제 첨가), T2 (기초사료에 생균제제 bio-Max$^{(R)}$ 첨가), T3 (기초사료에 생균제제 bio-${\alpha}$-Gold$^{(R)}$ 첨가), T4 (기초사료에 bio-MAX$^{(R)}$와 면역증강제인 ${\beta}$-glucan, 유기산의 추가 첨가)로 구분하였으며, 병아리들은 2주간의 적응기간을 거친 후 2~6주령은 육계전기사료, 6~9주령은 육계후기사료를 급여 하였다. 총 증체량은 항생제가 첨가된 T1에서 가장 높았으며(p<0.05), 대조구와 생균제 급여구 간에는 차이가 없었다. 사료 섭취량은 2~9주령에서는 T1과 T2에서 유의적으로 증가 하였다(p<0.05). 결과적으로 사료요구율은 대조구와 항생제 첨가구 그리고 T4에서 다른 처리구보다 낮게 나타났다(p<0.05). 처리구 별 생체중과 도체율은 T3와 T4에서 다른 처리구보다 높게 나타났으며, 가식 내장 무게는 간과 심장에서 T4가 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 계분 중의 $NH_3$ 가스 발생량은 6일에 최고치에 달했으며 9일 이후 감소하였다. 복합 생균제 제품급여 시 암모니아 가스 발생량에 대한 영향은 항생제 첨가 급여구에 비하여 낮게 나타났다. 생균제 첨가 급여 시 맹장 내 salmonella 수는 T4에서 현저히 감소하였고, 회장 내에서는 T2와 T4에서 감소하였다. 맹장 내 E. coli 수는 T4에서 현저히 감소하였고, 회장 내에서는 T1, T2와 T4에서 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). 복합 생균제 제품은 장내 병원성 미생물 수를 감소시켰으며, 특히 ${\alpha}$-Max$^{(R)}$ 제품에 면역증강제가 첨가된 복합 생균제의 효과가 다른 처리구보다 높았다. 따라서 복합생균제에 면역증강제의 혼합급여형태는 장내 병원성 미생물 억제측면에서 항생제를 대체할 수 있는 가능성이 높을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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