Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회)
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Microcosm Studies of Nanomaterials in Water and Soil Ecosystems

수생태 및 토양생태계에서 나노물질의 마이크로코즘 연구

  • Yoon, Sung-Ji (Department of Environmental Science, Konkuk University) ;
  • An, Youn-Joo (Department of Environmental Science, Konkuk University)
  • Received : 2012.03.19
  • Accepted : 2012.04.26
  • Published : 2012.04.30
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Abstract

The current growth of nano-industries has resulted in released nanoparticles entering into water and soil ecosystems via various direct or indirect routes. Physicochemical properties of nanoparticles differ from bulk materials, and nanomaterials influence the fates of nanoparticles and the interactions of living or non-living things in the environment. Microcosm analysis is a research methodology for revealing natural phenomena by mimicking part of an ecosystem under controlled conditions. Microcosm study allows for the integrated analysis of toxic effects and fates of nanoparticles in the ecosystem. Ecotoxicity studies of nanomaterials are steadily increasing, and microcosm studies of nanomaterials are currently beginning to surface. In this study, microcosm studies of nanomaterials in water and soil ecosystems were extensively investigated based on SCI(E) papers. We found that the microcosm studies have been reported in 12 instances, and mesocosm studies have been reported in only once until now. Advanced research was mostly evaluated at the microorganism level. But integrated analysis of nanotoxicity is required to research the interactions based of various species. Thus, our studies analysed the trend of microcosm studies on nanomaterials in water and soil ecosystems and suggested future directions of microcosm research of nanomaterials.

나노산업의 발달로 인해 나노제품의 제조, 소비, 폐기 과정에서 나노물질이 직 간접적인 경로를 통해 수생태 및 토양생태계로 유입되고 있다. 나노물질은 벌크물질과는 다른 특성을 가지고 있으며 나노물질의 다양한 물리화학적 변화는 환경내 나노물질의 거동 및 무생물적 생물적 상호작용에 영향을 미친다. 나노물질의 생태 독성 연구는 꾸준하게 증가하는 추세이며 특히 나노물질의 마이크로코즘 연구가 최근 보고되고 있다. 마이크로코즘(Microcosm)은 통제된 실험 조건 하에서 생태계의 일부분을 모사하여 자연 현상을 연구하기 위한 기법으로서, 마이크로코즘 연구는 생태계 내 나노물질의 거동과 통합적인 독성영향 평가를 가능하게 한다. 본 연구는 수생태 및 토양생태계에서 나노물질을 이용한 마이크로코즘 및 메조코즘(Mesocosm) 선행연구를 국제 학술 논문을 중심으로 조사하였다. 현재까지 마이크로코즘 연구는 총 12건의 논문이 발표되었고 단 1건의 메조코즘 연구가 보고되었는데, 대부분의 연구들이 미생물 군집 수준에서 나노물질의 영향을 제한적으로 평가하였다. 나노물질의 통합적 독성 영향을 평가하기 위해서 좀 더 다양한 생물종을 대상으로 그들의 상호작용을 연구할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 수생태 및 토양생태계에서 나노물질의 마이크로코즘 연구동향을 분석하고 중금속, 유기물질과 같은 일반 화학물질 이용한 마이크로코즘 독성 연구를 바탕으로 향후 나노물질의 마이크로코즘 연구방향을 제시하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 한국연구재단

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