Food Science and Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회)
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Quality and Fermentation Characteristics of Garlic-added Kimchi

마늘을 첨가한 배추김치의 숙성 중 품질 및 발효특성

  • Received : 2012.04.20
  • Accepted : 2012.06.15
  • Published : 2012.08.30
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Abstract

In this study, we investigated quality and fermentation characteristics in baechu kimchi containing 0(control), 5(GK5), 10(GK10), 15(GK15) and 20(GK20)% of shred garlic. Analysis was performed during fermentation at $4^{\circ}C$ for 42 days, every 7 days. The result showed significant changes in color value between control group and garlic added groups. Hunter's color L value was increased during fermentation whereas a and b value were decreased. Hardness of kimchi was higher in 15% and 20% garlic added groups than other groups. The pH decreased significantly during fermentation, while titratable acidity was showed reverse tendency during fermentation period. The reducing sugar content was decreased in all groups during fermentation period, which higher in GK10 and GK15 group than the others. But its remaining ratio was 19.7~22.3% and not showed significant difference in experimental groups at 42 days fermentation. The number of lactic acid bacteria was dramatically increased up to 6.13~7.60 log CFU/g at 7~14 days fermentation. The garlic was inhibited significantly the growth of lactic acid bacteria, but this was not showed significant difference between garlic added groups and control group, after 28 days fermentation. As a results, we suggest that addition of garlic increase the quality characteristics and storage properties of Kimchi, and not hinder quality of kimchi at addition level of 20% than salted baechu.

천연식품 중 대표적인 항균활성을 가진 마늘의 다량 첨가가 배추김치 숙성 중 품질과 발효특성에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 마늘을 절인 배추무게에 대해 0, 5, 10, 15 및 20%로 달리하여 첨가한 배추김치를 $4^{\circ}C$에서 42일간 저장하면서 이화학적 특성 및 젖산균수의 변화를 살펴보았다. 김치의 숙성 기간 경과와 더불어 색도 중 L값은 점차 증가하였고, a 및 b값은 점차 감소하는 경향이었다. 경도는 마늘을 15% 첨가한 GK15군과 20% 첨가한 GK20군에서 가장 높게 유지되었다. pH는 모든 실험군에서 발효가 진행됨에 따라 유의적으로 감소하였으며, GK15 및 GK20군은 28일차에 최적 pH인 4.6~4.8범위였고, 가식 한계치인 산도 1.0%에 도달하는 기간은 대조군은 21일, 마늘첨가군은 28일로 더 길었다. 환원당 함량은 김치의 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 모든 실험군에서 감소하는 경향이었는데 숙성 초기 환원당은 마늘의 첨가량이 높을수록 더 높았으나 숙성 42일 후에 잔존율은 19.7~22.3%로 시료간에 차이가 적었다. 젖산균수는 숙성 7일에서 14일 사이에 급격히 증가하여 6.13~7.60 log CFU/g에 도달하였으며, 마늘의 첨가량이 많을수록 젖산균수는 더 적었으나 숙성 28일차부터는 대조군과 마늘 첨가군간의 젖산균수에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 이상의 분석 결과들을 종합하여 볼 때 배추김치 제조 시 마늘의 첨가는 배추김치의 품질을 향상시키고, 저장성을 연장시키는 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었고, 배추무게 대비 20%까지의 마늘 첨가는 김치의 품질을 저해하지 않는 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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