Progress in Medical Physics (한국의학물리학회지:의학물리)

Korean Society of Medical Physics (한국의학물리학회)
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Evaluation of Dose Reduction of Cardiac Exposure Using Deep-inspiration Breath Hold Technique in Left-sided Breast Radiotherapy

좌측 유방암 방사선 치료에서 깊은 들숨 호흡법을 이용한 심장 선량 감소 평가

  • Jung, Joo-Young (Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Kim, Min-Joo (Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Jung, Jae-Hong (Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Lee, Seu-Ran (Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Suh, Tae-Suk (Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea)
  • 정주영 (가톨릭대학교 의과대학 의공학교실) ;
  • 김민주 (가톨릭대학교 의과대학 의공학교실) ;
  • 정재홍 (가톨릭대학교 의과대학 의공학교실) ;
  • 이스란 (가톨릭대학교 의과대학 의공학교실) ;
  • 서태석 (가톨릭대학교 의과대학 의공학교실)
  • Received : 2013.10.21
  • Accepted : 2013.12.14
  • Published : 2013.12.31
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Abstract

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide and the number of women breast cancer patient was increased continuously. Most of breast cancer patient has suffered from unnecessary radiation exposure to heart, lung. Low radiation dose to the heart could lead to the worsening of preexisting cardiovascular lesions caused by radiation induced pneumonitis. Also, several statistical reports demonstrated that left-sided breast cancer patient showed higher mortality than right-sided breast cancer patient because of heart disease. In radiation therapy, Deep Inspiration Breath Hold (DIBH) technique which the patient takes a deep inspiration and holds during treatment and could move the heart away from the chest wall and lung, has showed to lead to reduction in cardiac volume and to minimize the unnecessary radiation exposure to heart during treatment. In this study, we investigated the displacement of heart using DIBH CT data compared to free-breathing (FB) CT data and radiation exposure to heart. Treatment planning was performed on the computed tomography (CT) datasets of 10 patients who had received lumpectomy treatments. Heart, lung and both breasts were outlined. The prescribed dose was 50 Gy divided into 28 fractions. The dose distributions in all the plans were required to fulfill the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurement specifications that include 100% coverage of the CTV with ${\geq}95%$ of the prescribed dose and that the volume inside the CTV receiving >107% of the prescribed dose should be minimized. Scar boost irradiation was not performed in this study. Displacement of heart was measured by calculating the distance between center of heart and left breast. For the evaluation of radiation dose to heart, minimum, maximum and mean dose to heart were calculated. The present study demonstrates that cardiac dose during left-sided breast radiotherapy can be reduced by applying DIBH breathing control technique.

방사선 치료를 진행한 오른편 유방암 환자에 비해 왼편 유방암 환자의 방사선 치료 시 왼편 유방의 인접 주요 장기인 심장에 전달되는 선량에 의한 심장 질환의 발병 및 기타 질환의 발병으로 인한 높은 치사율과 관련된 예후가 보고되고 있다. 방사선 치료에서 computed tomography (CT) 영상을 획득 하는 방법 중 deep inspiration breath hold (DIBH) 기법은 들숨 상태에서 일정 시간 동안 환자의 호흡을 정지시키고 영상을 획득 하는 방법으로 심장과 흉곽 사이의 거리가 최대가 되게 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 DIBH 영상 획득 기법을 활용하여 왼편 유방암 환자의 방사선 치료 시 DIBH 기법을 적용한 CT 영상을 토대로 심장과 왼편 유방까지의 거리 계산 및 심장에 전달되는 피해 선량을 정량화 함으로써 왼편 유방암 환자의 방사선 치료 시 DIBH 기법의 유용성을 평가하고자 하였다. Free breathing (FB)와 DIBH 기법을 적용한 여성 유방암 환자의 CT 영상을 각 10세트를 획득하고, 50 Gy를 28번으로 분할하여 처방하였으며, 쐐기 필터(wedge filter)를 이용한 대향 2문 접선 조사를 적용했다. 심장과 왼편 유방까지의 거리는 각 장기의 중심 좌표를 획득하고, 각 중심좌표 간의 거리를 계산하였다. DIBH 기법의 경우, 일반적인 FB 기법을 적용 했을 때보다 심장과 왼편 유방 사이의 거리가 평균 1.43 mm 증가하였으며, 통계적 유효성을 확인할 수 있었다. 심장에 전달된 피해 선량의 경우, 최대 선량 기준으로 크게는 3,555 cGy 가량 감소함을 확인할 수 있었다. 각 영상마다의 거리 및 심장의 피해 선량에 대한 정도의 차이는 있었지만, DIBH 기법을 적용하였을 경우, 심장과 왼편 유방까지의 거리의 증가 및 피해 선량 감소 등의 경향성을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 DIBH 기법은 기존 방사선 치료 과정 중 추가적인 시간 소모가 적고, 쉽게 적용할 수 있다는 장점이 있으며, 임상에서의 적용으로 여성 유방암 환자의 불필요한 심장 피해 선량 전달을 감소 시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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