Korean Journal of Poultry Science (한국가금학회지)

The Korean Society of Poultry Science (한국가금학회)
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Genetic Variations of Chicken MC1R Gene and Associations with Feather Color of Korean Native Chicken (KNC) 'Woorimatdag'

토종 '우리맛닭' 부계 및 실용계에서 MC1R 유전자 변이 및 모색과의 연관성 분석

  • Park, Mi Na (Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Tae-Hun (Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Hyun-Jeong (Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Choi, Jin Ae (Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Heo, Kang-Nyeong (Poultry Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Chong-Dae (Poultry Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Choo, Hyo-Jun (Poultry Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Han, Jae-Yong (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lee, Taeheon (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lee, Jun-Heon (Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Kyung-Tai (Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA)
  • 박미나 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 동물유전체과) ;
  • 김태헌 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 동물유전체과) ;
  • 이현정 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 동물유전체과) ;
  • 최진애 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 동물유전체과) ;
  • 허강녕 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 가금과) ;
  • 김종대 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 가금과) ;
  • 추효준 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 가금과) ;
  • 한재용 (서울대학교 농생명공학부) ;
  • 이태헌 (서울대학교 농생명공학부) ;
  • 이준헌 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 동물자원생명과학과) ;
  • 이경태 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 동물유전체과)
  • Received : 2013.06.07
  • Accepted : 2013.06.17
  • Published : 2013.06.30
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Abstract

There are several loci controlling the feather color of birds, of which one of the most studied is Extended black (E) encoding the melanocortin 1-receptor (MC1R). Mutations in this gene affect the relative distribution of eumelanin, phaeomelanin. The association of feather color and sequence polymorphism in the melanocortin 1-receptor (MC1R) gene was investigated using Korean native chicken H breed (H_PL) and 'Woorimatdag' commercial chickens (Woorimatdag_CC). In order to correlate gene mutation to Korean native chicken feather color, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) from MC1R gene sequence were investigated. A total of 307 birds from H_PL and Woorimatdag_CC were used. H_PL have black, black-brown feather color and Woorimatdag_CC have black with brown spots or brown with black spots. There are 6 SNPs in MC1R gene, locus T69C, C212T, A274G, G376A, G636A, T637C. 3 SNPs are nonsynonymous that change amino acid. But it is difficult to find correlation of feather color and polymorphisms. It will be needed to increase the population of Korean native chicken H breed and correlation analysis of genetic variation with feather colors.

본 연구는 '우리맛닭 실용계의 외모 균일화 및 판별 마커개발을 위하여 수탉으로 이용되는 토종닭 순계 H계통 암탉 207수, 수탉 40수와 '우리맛닭' 실용계 60수의 혈액을 채취하고 DNA를 분리하였다. 모색 관련 후보 유전자 MC1R primer를 제작하여 PCR을 수행한 후, direct sequencing을 실시하였다. 개체별 모색 표현형을 조사한 결과, H계통 순계 암탉 207수 중 157수는 흑색 모색, 50수는 흑색+갈색 모색으로 조사되었다. 수탉의 경우, 40수 중 흑색 모색만 있는 개체는 없고, 흑색+갈색의 모색이 다양한 부위에 섞여 있었다. '우리맛닭' 실용계의 경우 흑색 모색 30수와 갈색 모색 30수를 암수 관계없이 샘플링하여 조사하였다. 모색 표현형과 유전형과의 연관성을 알아보기 위하여 모색 관련 후보유전자 MC1R의 sequencing 결과를 분석하여 유전자 변이를 살펴보았지만, 모색 표현형과 유전형과의 유의적인 연관성을 찾을 수 없었다. 이는 토종닭 순계 H계통의 경우, 검정색의 같은 품종 내에서 갈색 이모색을 가진 개체와의 유전적 변이를 탐색한 결과, 그 차이가 분명하게 구별되지 않은 것으로 생각되어진다. '우리맛닭' 실용계에서 haplotype 및 유전자빈도 분석을 통하여 이모색과의 연관성을 보다 명확하게 결정하기 위해서는 부계와 모계의 모색 표현형과 유전특성을 함께 고려해야 할 것으로 판단된다. '우리맛닭'의 모색 균일도 향상을 위한 모색 표현형과 관련 유전자의 연관성분석 및 유전적 특성에 대한 연구는, 향후 이를 이용하여 '우리맛닭'의 불법 유통을 막고 고품질 브랜드화를 위한 분자마커 개발의 기초 자료로 활용될 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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