Journal of Korean Society of Transportation (대한교통학회지)

Korean Society of Transportation (대한교통학회)
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Evaluating Efficiency of the Bus Route Operation System

버스노선 운영체계의 효율성 평가

  • Kim, Kyoung Sik (Public Transportation Division, Ulsan Metropolitan City) ;
  • Jung, Byung Doo (Department of Transportation Engineering, Keimyung University) ;
  • Kim, Ki Hyuk (Department of Transportation Engineering, Keimyung University)
  • Received : 2013.03.21
  • Accepted : 2013.07.09
  • Published : 2013.08.31
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Abstract

The main objective of the research is to analyse the efficiency of bus route operation system which is comprised of Individual Operation System and Joint Operation System. While the reformation of bus route operation system has been usually considered as a service upgrade strategy for inner-city bus operation, it is comparatively difficult to have background information for policy establishment due to shortage of analytical research output. This study adopts Data Envelopment Analysis technique to estimate efficiency of 101 bus routes in Ulsan Metropolitan City which operates two types of operation systems at the same time as of 2009. The analysis results tells that the reason of inefficiency lies on pure technical factor for J.O.G., and scale factor for I.O.G.. It is also confirmed that there is bus route which inefficiently operated in I.O.G and city government needs to prepare the specific plan to upgrade pure technique efficiency before reformation of bus route operation system for successful installation.

본 연구는 개별노선제와 공동배차제로 구분되는 버스노선 운영체계의 효율성을 분석하였다. 최근 시내버스 서비스 개선을 위해 버스노선 운영체계의 개편이 자주 검토되지만 실제 정책검토의 기초자료가 부족하고 이에 대한 연구결과 또한 상대적으로 부족한 실정이다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 두 가지 운영체계를 복합운영중인 울산시의 2009년 현재 101개 버스 노선을 대상으로 자료포락분석기법을 적용하여 버스노선별 효율성을 분석하였다. 분석결과 공동배차제는 규모면에서는 상대적으로 안정적이었으나, 효율성 측면에서는 개별노선제가 더 효율적인 것으로 나타났다. 특히 비효율의 원인은 공동배차제의 경우는 순수 기술적 요인, 개별노선제는 규모의 효율성에 있는 것으로 제시되어, 공동배차제의 책임성 부재로 인한 마케팅 및 노선관리의 등한시 현상과, 개별노선제의 노선운영 책임성 부여에 따른 현재 상태에서의 최적 노선운영을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 개별노선제 운영노선이라도 순수 기술적 요인에 의한 비효율이 발생하는 것으로 분석되어 노선운영 체계개편 시에는 순수 기술적 효율성 제고방안 마련이 반드시 수반되어야 할 것이다.

Keywords

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