Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society (한국수소및신에너지학회논문집)

The Korean Hydrogen and New Energy Society (한국수소및신에너지학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Study on a Quantitative Risk Assessment of a Large-scale Hydrogen Liquefaction Plant

대형 수소 액화 플랜트의 정량적 위험도 평가에 관한 연구

  • Do, Kyu Hyung (Environmental and Energy Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials) ;
  • Han, Yong-Shik (Environmental and Energy Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials) ;
  • Kim, Myung-Bae (Environmental and Energy Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials) ;
  • Kim, Taehoon (Environmental and Energy Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials) ;
  • Choi, Byung-Il (Environmental and Energy Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials)
  • 도규형 (한국기계연구원 환경.에너지기계연구본부) ;
  • 한용식 (한국기계연구원 환경.에너지기계연구본부) ;
  • 김명배 (한국기계연구원 환경.에너지기계연구본부) ;
  • 김태훈 (한국기계연구원 환경.에너지기계연구본부) ;
  • 최병일 (한국기계연구원 환경.에너지기계연구본부)
  • Received : 2014.10.16
  • Accepted : 2014.12.31
  • Published : 2014.12.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In the present study, the frequency of the undesired accident was estimated for a quantitative risk assessment of a large-scale hydrogen liquefaction plant. As a representative example, the hydrogen liquefaction plant located in Ingolstadt, Germany was chosen. From the analysis of the liquefaction process and operating conditions, it was found that a $LH_2$ storage tank was one of the most dangerous facilities. Based on the accident scenarios, frequencies of possible accidents were quantitatively evaluated by using both fault tree analysis and event tree analysis. The overall expected frequency of the loss containment of hydrogen from the $LH_2$ storage tank was $6.83{\times}10^{-1}$times/yr (once per 1.5 years). It showed that only 0.1% of the hydrogen release from the $LH_2$ storage tank occurred instantaneously. Also, the incident outcome frequencies were calculated by multiplying the expected frequencies with the conditional probabilities resulting from the event tree diagram for hydrogen release. The results showed that most of the incident outcomes were dominated by fire, which was 71.8% of the entire accident outcome. The rest of the accident (about 27.7%) might have no effect to the population.

Keywords

References

  1. Khan, F. I., Abbasi, S. A., "Techniques and methodologies for risk analysis in chemical process industries," Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, Vol. 11, 1998, p. 261-277. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-4230(97)00051-X
  2. Gross. R., Otto, W. and Wanner, M., "Liquid hydrogen for Europe - the Linde plant at Ingolstadt," Report on Science and Technology, Linde AG, 54, 1994, pp. 37-43.
  3. Linde AG, Tank Installations for the Supply of Liquefied Gases, http://www.linde-gas.com/inter national/web/lg/com/likelgcom30.nsf/repositoryb yalias/8772_6_20tank_20installations/$file/8772_6_Tank_Installations.pdf.
  4. Hauptmanns, U., "Reliability data," Otto-von-Guerucke-University Magdeburg, Germany.
  5. AIChE/CCPS, "Guidelines for process equipment reliability data with data tables," American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE), New York, 1989.
  6. T-book, "Reliability data of components in Nordic nuclear power plants," 3rd Edition, the ATV Office, Vattenfall Support Grafiska, Sweden, 1992.
  7. NUREG/CR-1278, "Handbook of human reliability analysis with emphasis on nuclear power plant applications," 1980.
  8. OREDA 2002, "Offshore reliability data, 4th Edition, OREDA Participants," Det Norske Veritas (DNV), Hovik, Norway, 2002.
  9. GRS, "Ueutsche Risikostudie kernkraftwerke (Phase B)," Gesellschart fur Reaktorsicherheit, Verlag TUV Rheinland, Koln, Germany, 1990.
  10. Lees, F. P., Mannan, S., "Loss prevention in the process industries," Vol. 2, 3rd Edition, Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, 2005.
  11. Committee for the Prevention of Disasters, "Methods for the determining and processing probabilities," CPR 12E ("Red book"), 2nd Edition, the Hague, the Netherlands, 1997.
  12. Roos, A. J., "Guidelines for quantitative risk assessment," CRE 18E ("Purple book"), Voorburg, the Netherlands, 1999.
  13. Contini, S., "A new hybrid method for fault tree analysis," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Vol. 49, 1995, p. 13-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/0951-8320(95)00021-S
  14. Bain, A. "Sourcebook for hydrogen applications," Edited by Tapan K. Bose, TISEC, Canada, 1998.
  15. Cadwallader, C. J., and Herring, J. S., "Safety issues with hydrogen as a vehicle fuel," Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, U.S.A, 1999.
  16. IAEA, "Hydrogen as an energy carrier and its production by nuclear power," International Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA-TECDOC-1085, IAEA, Austria, 1999.