한국가스학회지 (Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas)

  • 제20권1호
  • /
  • Pages.13-22
  • /
  • 2016
  • /
  • 1226-8402(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2713-6922(eISSN)
한국가스학회 (The Korean Institute of GAS)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

셰일가스정 천이유동 생산자료분석의 기술적 고려사항

Technical Consideration for Production Data Analysis with Transient Flow Data on Shale Gas Well

  • 한동권 (동아대학교 에너지자원공학과) ;
  • 권순일 (동아대학교 에너지자원공학과)
  • Han, Dong-kwon (Dept. of Energy and Mineral Resources Engineering, Dong-A University) ;
  • Kwon, Sun-il (Dept. of Energy and Mineral Resources Engineering, Dong-A University)
  • 투고 : 2015.11.06
  • 심사 : 2016.01.16
  • 발행 : 2016.02.29
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

본 연구에서는 다단계 수압파쇄와 수평시추가 적용된 셰일가스정에서 생산자료의 유동형태에 따라 적절한 분석 방법과 궁극가채량을 산출하는 기법을 결정하는 방법을 정리한 흐름도를 제안하였다. 또한 1차 천이유동만이 나타나는 현장자료에 대해 생산천이유동 분석을 수행할 때 고려해야 하는 사항들을 제안하였다. log-log 그래프와 시간제곱근 그래프 분석을 통해 생산자료의 유동 특성을 분류할 수 있고, 이 결과, 1차 천이유동만이 나타나는 생산자료는 이 유동이 종료되는 시점을 정확히 예측하여 이 시점을 기준으로 생산성을 각각 예측하여야 한다. 이 시점은 미세탄성파 탐사자료 해석을 통해 균열자극부피의 면적을 계산함으로써 산출할 수 있다. 공저압력자료나 미세탄성파 탐사자료가 없다면 셰일가스정에 적절한 경험적 방법을 활용하여 생산성을 예측할 수 있다. 생산기간이 짧은 자료는 상대적으로 생산기간이 긴 인접 생산정의 자료를 활용하여 생산기간의 적절성을 평가한 후 필요하다면 생산초기 자료를 제외하고 분석하는 것이 정확도를 향상시킬 수 있다. 또한 미세탄성파 탐사자료 해석에 의해 산출된 SRV는 분석방법이나 분석자의 주관에 의해 과대, 과소 평가될 수 있기 때문에 파쇄 단계, 파쇄유체 주입량, 생산성 분석을 통한 적절성평가를 수행하여 필요한 경우, 저류층 시뮬레이션, 균열모델링, 생산천이분석을 통해 재산정하는 것이 필요하다.

This paper presents development of an appropriate procedure and flow chart to analyze shale gas production data obtained from a multi-fractured horizontal well according to flow characteristics in order to calculate an estimated ultimate recovery. Also, the technical considerations were proposed when a rate transient analysis was performed with field production data occurred to only $1^{st}$ transient flow. If production data show the $1^{st}$ transient flow from log-log and square root time plot analysis, production forecasting must be performed by applying different method as before and after of the end of $1^{st}$ linear flow. It is estimated by an area of stimulated reservoir volume which can be calculated from analysis results of micro-seismic data. If there are no bottomhole pressure data or micro-seismic data, an empirical decline curve method can be used to forecast production performance. If production period is relatively short, an accuracy of production data analysis could be improved by analyzing except the early production data, if it is necessary, after evaluating appropriation with near well data. Also, because over- or under-estimation for stimulated reservoir volume could take place according to analysis method or analyzer's own mind, it is necessary to recalculate it with fracture modeling, reservoir simulation and rate transient analysis, if it is necessary, after adequacy evaluation for fracture stage, injection volume of fracture fluid and productivity of producers.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Kupchnenko, C. L., Gault, B. W., and Mattar, L., "Tight Gas Production Performance Using Decline Curves", presented at the CIPC/SPE Gas Technology Symposium Joint Conference, 16-19 June, Calgary, Alberta, (2009)
  2. Arps, J. J., "Analysis of Decline Curves", A.I. M.E, 228-247, (1945)
  3. Shin, C. H., Lee, S. M., Kwon, S. I., Park, D. J., and Lee, Y. S., "A Classification and a Survey on the Core Technology for Shale Gas Development", The Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineering, 49(3), 395-410, (2012)
  4. Clarkson, C. R., "Production Data Analysis of Unconventional Gas Wells: Workflow", International journal of Coal Geology, 109(110), 147-157, (2013)
  5. Lee, S. M., Jung, J. H., Shin, C. H., and Kwon, S. I., "Study on Production Performance of Shale Gas Reservoir using Production Data Analysis", The journal of the Korean Institute of Gas, 17(4), 58-69, (2013) https://doi.org/10.7842/kigas.2013.17.4.58
  6. Anderson, D. M., Nobakht, M., Mohadam, S., and Mattar, L., "Analysis of Production Data from Fractured Shale Gas Wells", paper SPE 131787 presented at SPE Unconventional Gas Conference, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,(2010)
  7. Wattenbarger, R. A., El-Bandi, A. H., Vilegas, M. E., and Maggard, J. B., "Production Analysis of Linear Flow into Fractured Tight Gas Well", paper SPE 39931 presented at SPE Rocky Mountain Regional/Low Permeability Reservoirs Symposium and Exhibition, Denver, Colorado, (1998)
  8. Ilk, D., Rushing, J. A., and Perego, A. D., "Exponential vs. Hyperbolic Decline in Tight Gas Sands - Understanding the Origin and Implications for Reserve Estimates Using Arps Decline Curves", presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, held in Dever, Colorado, (2008)
  9. Valko, P. P., and Lee, W. J., "A Better Way to Forecast Production from Unconventional Gas Wells", Paper 134231, presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition held in Florence, Italy, (2010)
  10. Duong, A., "An Unconventional Rate Decline Approach for Tight and Fracture-Dominated Gas Wells", Paper CSUG/SPE 137748 presented at the Canadian Unconventional Resources and International Petroleum Conference, Calgary, Alberta, Canada,(2010)
  11. Yu, S., "Best Practice of Using Empirical Methods for Production Forecast and EUR Estimation in Tight/Shale Gas Reservoirs", Paper 167118, presented at the SPE Unconventional Resources Conference-Canada held in Calgary, Canada, (2013)
  12. Nagel, N., Garcia, X., Nagel, M., and Lee, B., "Understanding SRV : A Numerical Investigation of Wet vs Dry Microseismicity during Hydraulic Fracturing", paper SPE 159791 presented at Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, held in San Antonio, USA,(2012)
  13. Suliman, B., Meek, R., Hull, R., Bello, R., Portis, D., and Richmond, P., "Variable Stimulated Reservoir Volume(SRV) Simulation : Eagle Ford Shale Case Study", paper SPE 168832 presented at Unconventional Resources Technology Conference, held in Denver, USA,(2013)