Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
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Relationship between Aboveground Biomass and Measures of Structure and Species Diversity in Quercus mongolica-Dominated Forest, Mt. Jeombong

점봉산 신갈나무군락의 생물종 다양성, 구조 다양성과 지상부 생물량의 관계에 대한 연구

  • Jeong, Heon Mo (Division of Basic Research, National Institute of Ecology) ;
  • Jang, Inyoung (Division of Ecosystem Services & Research Planning, National Institute of Ecology) ;
  • Hong, Seungbum (Division of Basic Research, National Institute of Ecology)
  • 정헌모 (국립생태원 생태기반연구실) ;
  • 장인영 (국립생태원 융합연구실) ;
  • 홍승범 (국립생태원 생태기반연구실)
  • Received : 2016.10.05
  • Accepted : 2016.12.20
  • Published : 2016.12.30
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Abstract

Relationships of standing biomass with biodiversity and structural diversity were examined in the Quercus mongolica-dominated forest in Mt. Jeombong, Gangwon-do. We examined the standing biomass of the Q. mongolia community ($311.1ton{\cdot}ha^{-1}$) from 2004 to 2013, and the observed major species were Q. mongoilca, Carpinus cordata, Tilia amurensis whose standing biomasses were $206.3ton{\cdot}ha^{-1}$ (66.3%), $36.9ton{\cdot}ha^{-1}$ (11.9%), and $30.6ton{\cdot}ha^{-1}$ (9.8%), respectively. Although the number of Q. mongolica individuals was very small compared with total density, the reason that Q. mongolica showed the most biomass than other species is due to greater average diameter at breast height (DBH) and the higher number of $DBH{\geq}50cm$ individuals. We calculated the range of Shannon index (H') and Shannon evenness (J') in the Q. mongolica community, and they were gradually increased in time, showing 2.015~2.166, 0.673~0.736, respectively. Their H' and J' showed positive linear relationships with their standing biomass. This indicates that the spatial distribution of the standing biomass in Q. mongoilca community becomes more homogeneous with time and this homogenization appears in various species in the community. In addition, we estimated biomass-species index (BS) and abundance-biomass-speciesdiversity (ABS) and they also showed gradual increase in time, ranging from 3.746 to 3.811 and from 4.781 to 5.028, respectively. Their indices showed positive linear relationships with the standing biomass. This can be explained from the observations of variations in standing biomass with tree diameters as the differences in the average standing biomass in the community have reduced gradually in time. Moreover, it is expected that increase in the structure diversity of the Q. mongoilca community enhances the efficiency in carbon sequestration and productivity, so the community can be developed to a more sustainable ecosystem with more abundant resources. Thus, applications of uneven-aged plantations with considerations of local ecological properties can be a very efficient reforestation method to ensure stable support of biodiversity and productivity.

본 연구는 강원도 점봉산에 분포하고 있는 신갈나무군락에서 군락의 지상부 생물량과 생물종 다양성, 그리고 군락 구조의 다양성 간의 관계 특성을 밝히기 위하여 수행되었다. 이를 위해, 2004년부터 2013년까지 점봉산 신갈나무군락에서 측정한 지상부 생물량은 총 $311.1ton{\cdot}ha^{-1}$였으며, 종 별 생물량 및 구성 비율은 신갈나무 $206.3ton{\cdot}ha^{-1}$(66.3%),까치박달 $36.9ton{\cdot}ha^{-1}$(11.9%),피나무 $30.6ton{\cdot}ha^{-1}$(9.8%)등의 순으로 적었다. 신갈나무의 지상부 생물량이 가장 많은 것은 전체에 비해 임목 밀도가 많지 않지만, 평균 흉고직경(DBH)이 50cm 이상인 개체수 비율이 다른 수종에서 보다 월등히 높기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 이 군락의 종 다양성 지수(H')와 종 균등도(J')를 추정해 본 결과 각각 2.015~2.166과 0.673~0.736의 범위 내에서 시간에 따른 점진적인 증가를 보여 주고 있다. 위의 종 다양성 지수와 종 균등도는 지상부 생물량과 높은 양의 상관관계를 나타내는데, 이는 시간이 변함에 따라 신갈나무군락의 지상부 생물량이 공간적으로 균일해진다는 것과 이러한 현상이 다양한 수종에 걸쳐 나타나고 있다는 것을 의미한다. 또한, 생물량-종 다양성 지수(BS)와 종 풍부도-생물량-종 다양성 지수(ABS)도 각각 3.746~3.811, 4.781~5.028 범위 내에서 시간에 따른 점진적인 증가를 보여주고 있었으며, 이들 지수와 지상부 생물량 높은 양의 상관관계가 관찰되었다. 이는 신갈나무군락의 지상부 생물량이 다양한 수종에서 뿐만 아니라 다양한 직경급에 따라 균일해 지고 있음을 나타낸다. 그리고 점봉산 신갈나무군락은 군락의 구조적 다양성을 통하여 생산성과 탄소 저장 능력이 더욱 효율화 되어, 자원이 풍부한 생태계로서의 역할을 수행 할 것으로 예상된다. 또한 복원된 산림의 생물다양성과 생산성의 유지를 위하여 생태적 특성을 고려한 다양한 수종과 다양한 DBH 수목의 선택적 식재를 제안한다.

Keywords

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