DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Modification of ginsenoside composition in red ginseng (Panax ginseng) by ultrasonication

  • Yoon, Sung-hyun (Department of Oriental Medical Food & Nutrition, Semyung University) ;
  • Nam, Yun-min (Department of Oriental Medical Food & Nutrition, Semyung University) ;
  • Hong, Jeong-tae (Department of Oriental Medical Food & Nutrition, Semyung University) ;
  • Kim, Shin-jung (Ginseng Research Center) ;
  • Ko, Sung-kwon (Department of Oriental Medical Food & Nutrition, Semyung University)
  • Received : 2015.06.13
  • Accepted : 2015.09.06
  • Published : 2016.07.15

Abstract

The result of USRG-12 indicated that ultrasonication-processed ($100^{\circ}C$, 12 h) red ginseng extracts had the highest amount of ginsenosides Rg3 (0.803%), Rg5 (0.167%), and Rk1 (0.175%).

Keywords

References

  1. Nanba T. The encyclopedia of Wakan-Yaku with color pictures. Osaka: Hoikusha; 1980.
  2. Lee DC, Lee MO, Kim CY, Clifford DH. Effect of ether, ethanol and aqueous extracts of ginseng on cardiovascular function in dogs. Can J Comp Med 1981;45:182-7.
  3. Jie YH, Cammisuli S, Baggiolini M. Immunomodulatory effects of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer in the mouse. Agents Actions 1984;15:386-91. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01972376
  4. Kim YC, Kim SR, Markelonis GJ, Oh TH. Ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg3 protect cultured rat cortical cells from glutamate-induced neurodegeneration. J Neurosci Res 1998;53:426-32. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19980815)53:4<426::AID-JNR4>3.0.CO;2-8
  5. Joo CN, Koo JD, Kim DS, Lee SJ. Biochemical studies of ginseng saponins. XI. The effects of ginseng saponins on alcohol dehydrogenase. Hanguk Saenghwa Hakhoe Chi 1977;10:109-20.
  6. Yokozawa T, Kobayashi T, Oura H, Kawashima Y. Studies on the mechanism of the hypoglycemic activity of ginsenoside-Rb2 in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1985;33:869-72. https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.33.869
  7. Wang W, Zhao Y, Rayburn ER, Hill DL, Wang H, Zhang R. In vitro anticancer activity and structure-activity relationships of natural products isolated from fruits of Panax ginseng. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2007;59:589-601. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-006-0300-z
  8. Park JD. Recent studies on the chemical constituents of Korean Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer). Korea J Ginseng Sci 1996;20:389-415.
  9. Shibata S, Tanaka O, Ando T, Sado M, Tsushima S, Ohsawa T. Chemical studies on oriental plant drugs. XIV. Protopanaxadiol, a genuine sapogenin of ginseng saponins. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1966;14:595-600. https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.14.595
  10. Tanaka O, Nagai M, Shibata S. Chemical studies on the oriental plant drugs. XVI. The stereochemistry of protopanaxadiol, a genuine sapogenin of ginseng. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1966;14:1150-6. https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.14.1150
  11. Keum YS, Han SS, Chun KS, Park KK, Park JH, Lee SK, Surh YJ. Inhibitory effects of the ginsenoside Rg3 on phorbol ester-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression, NF-kappaB activation and tumor promotion. Mutat Res 2003;523-4:75-85.
  12. Keum YS, Park KK, Lee JM, Chun KS, Park JH, Lee SK, Kwon H, Surh YJ. Antioxidant and anti-tumor promoting activities of the methanol extract of heatprocessed ginseng. Cancer Lett 2000;150:41-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3835(99)00369-9
  13. Kim ND, Kang SY, Park JH, Schini-Kerth VB. Ginsenoside Rg3 mediates endothelium-dependent relaxation in response to ginsenosides in rat aorta: role of K+ channels. Eur J Pharmacol 1999;367:41-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-2999(98)00898-X
  14. Jung KY, Kim DS, Oh SR, Lee IS, Lee JJ, Park JD, Kim SI, Lee HK. Platelet activating factor antagonist activity of ginsenosides. Biol Pharm Bull 1998;21:79-80. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.21.79
  15. Kwon SW, Han SB, Park IH, Kim JM, Park MK, Park JH. Liquid chromatographic determination of less polar ginsenosides in processed ginseng. J Chromatogr 2001;921:335-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)00869-X
  16. Kim SJ, Kim JD, Ko SK. Changes in ginsenoside composition of ginseng berry extracts after a microwave and vinegar process. J Ginseng Res 2013;37:269-72. https://doi.org/10.5142/jgr.2013.37.269
  17. Kim ND, Kang SY, Kim MJ, Park JH, Schini-Kerth VB. The ginsenoside Rg3 evokes endothelium-independent relaxation in rat aortic rings: role of K+ channels. Eur J Pharmacol 1999;367:51-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-2999(98)00899-1
  18. Yang L, Hao J, Zhang J, Xia W, Dong X, Hu X, Kong F, Cui X. Ginsenoside Rg3 promotes beta-amyloid peptide degradation by enhancing gene expression of neprilysin. J Pharm Pharmacol 2009;61:375-80. https://doi.org/10.1211/jpp.61.03.0013
  19. Lee WM, Kim SD, Park MH, Cho JY, Park HJ, Seo GS, Rhee MH. Inhibitory mechanisms of dihydroginsenoside Rg3 in platelet aggregation: critical roles of ERK2 and cAMP. J Pharm Pharmacol 2008;60:1531-6. https://doi.org/10.1211/jpp.60.11.0015
  20. Chu S, Gu J, Feng L, Liu J, Zhang M, Jia X, Liu M, Yao D. Ginsenoside Rg5 improves cognitive dysfunction and beta-amyloid deposition in STZ-induced memory impaired rats via attenuating neuroinflammatory responses. Int Immunopharmacol 2014;19:317-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2014.01.018
  21. Ko SK, Im BO, editors. The science of Korean ginseng. Seoul: Yakupsinmunsa; 2009.

Cited by

  1. Determination of the transformation of ginsenosides in Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma during decoction with water using ultra‐fast liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry vol.41, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201701228
  2. Anti-fibrotic Effects and Mechanism of Shengmai Injection (生脉注射液) on Human Hepatic Stellate Cells LX-2 vol.25, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11655-018-2849-x
  3. Changes of Prosapogenin Components in Tienchi Seng (Panax notoginseng) by Ultrasonic Thermal Fusion Process vol.27, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.20307/nps.2021.27.1.10