Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene (한국산업보건학회지)

Korean Industrial Hygiene Association (한국산업보건학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Filtration efficiency and Manikin-based Total Inward Leakage Study of Particle Filtering Mask Challenged with Silver Nanoparticles

은나노입자에 대한 방진마스크 포집효율 및 총누설율

  • Kim, Jong-Kyu (Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, KOSHA)
  • 김종규 (안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원)
  • Received : 2016.05.05
  • Accepted : 2016.09.22
  • Published : 2016.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives: The production and use of nanoparticles have been increased. In 2014 Workplace Survey Results, 335 companies produce and treat nanoparticls. However, lack of data on nano-toxicity and a method for risk management and regulation on nanoparticles and the standard test method are not sufficient. Protective equipment selection guidelines for nanoparticles are not established. It is required to carry out respirator efficiency test against nanoparticles. This study was performed to evaluate filtration efficiency and manikin-based total inward leakage of particle filtering mask using in Korean country challenged with silver nanoparticles. Methods: We investigated filtration efficiency and total inward leakage of 7 respirator with silver nanoparticle. Results: The geometric mean diameters of Silver nanoparticles were 30 nm and number concentration were about $10^6{\sharp}/cm^3$. Filtration efficiency of six of the seven particle filtering masks was more than 98% and one particle filtering masks filtration efficiency was 94.9%. The filtration efficiency of particle filtering masks to 20 nm silver nanoparticels was highest. Artificial breathing machine with manikin based total inward leakage were 7.6% ~ 42.3%. Conclusions: The results of this study nano-silver filter efficiency was high but the total inward leakage was higher than filter penetration. Therefore, education on how to wear a respirator should be demanded. Especially for workers handling nanoparticles and toxic material, user seal checking and fit test must be performed.

Keywords

References

  1. Balazy A, Toivola M, Reponen T, Podgorski A, Zimmer A, et al. Manikin-based performance evaluation of N95 filtering-facepiece respirators challenged with nanoparticles. Ann Occup Hyg 2006;50:259-269
  2. Eninger RM, Honda T, Reponen T, McKay R, Grinshpun SA. What does repirator certification tell us about filtration of ultrafine particles? J Occup Environ Hyg 2008;5: 286-295 https://doi.org/10.1080/15459620801960153
  3. Holton PM, Tackett DL, Willeke K. Particle size dependent leakage and losses of aerosols in respirators. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 1987;48:848-54 https://doi.org/10.1080/15298668791385697
  4. Huang SH, Chen CW, Chan CP, Lai CY, Chen CC. Penetration of 4.5 nm to 10 m aerosol particles through fibrous filters. Aerosol Science 2007;38:719-727 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2007.05.007
  5. Kim CS, Bao L, Okuyama K, Shimada Manabu, Niinuma H. Filtration efficiency of a fibrous filter for nanoparticles Journal of Nanoparticle Research 2006;8:215-221 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-005-9017-x
  6. Kim SC, Harrington MS, Pui DYH. Experimental study of nanoparticles penetration through commercial filter media. Nanotechnology and Occupational Health 2007; 117-125
  7. Korean Occupational Safety and Health Department (2014) 2014 national industry workplace environment survey D/B
  8. Martin SB Jr, Moyer ES. Electrostatic respirator filter medi: filter efficiency and most penetrating particle size effects. App Occup Environ Hyg 2000;15:609-617 https://doi.org/10.1080/10473220050075617
  9. Ministry of Employment and Labor. (2014) Personal protective Equipment Safety Certification Notice. Notification No. 2014-46
  10. OSHA. Respiratory protection. 2008. 29 CFR 1910134 Washington, DC: Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Available at http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=12716.
  11. Rengasamy A, Verbofsky R, King WP, Shaffer RE. Nanoparticle penetration through NIOSH-approved N95 filtering-facepiece respirators. J Int Soc Res Prot 2007;24:49-59
  12. Rengasamy S, King WP, Eimer B, Shaffer RE. Filtration performance of NIOSH-approved N95 and P100 filtering-facepiece respirators against 4-30 nanometer size nanoparticles. J Occup Environ Hyg 2008;5: 556-564 https://doi.org/10.1080/15459620802275387
  13. Rengasamy S, Eimer B, Shaffer RE. Comarison of nanoparticle filtration performance of NIOSHapproved and CE marked filtering-facepiece respirators. Ann Occup Hyg 2009;53:117-128 https://doi.org/10.1093/annhyg/men086
  14. Rengasamy S, Eimer BC. Total Inward Leakage of Nanoparticles Through Filtering Facepiece Respirators Ann. Occup. Hyg. 2011;55,(3):253-263 https://doi.org/10.1093/annhyg/meq096