Journal of Welding and Joining

The Korean Welding and Joining Society (대한용접접합학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Influence of Metallic Sodium on Repair Weldability for Type 316FR Stainless Steel

  • Chun, Eun-Joon (Busan Laser Application Support Center, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM)) ;
  • Lee, Su-Jin (Busan Laser Application Support Center, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM)) ;
  • Suh, Jeong (Busan Laser Application Support Center, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM)) ;
  • Lee, Ju-Seung (3rd Land System Team, Defense Agency for Technology and Quality) ;
  • Kang, Namhyun (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University) ;
  • Saida, Kazuyoshi (Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Osaka University)
  • Received : 2016.10.12
  • Accepted : 2017.02.01
  • Published : 2017.02.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The effect of residual metallic sodium on the solidification cracking susceptibility of type 316FR stainless steel was investigated via transverse-Varestraint tests. And a solidification brittle temperature range (BTR) of type 316FR stainless steel was 37 K. However, the BTR expanded from 37 to 67 K, as the amount of metallic sodium at the specimen surface increased from 0 to $7.99mg/cm^2$. Microstructural observation of the weld metal suggested that metallic sodium existed in the weld metal, including in the cell boundaries, during welding solidification. Thermodynamic calculations suggested that sodium expanded the temperature range of solidliquid coexistence during welding solidification of the steel weld metal. Therefore, the increased solidification cracking susceptibility (i.e., expansion of the BTR) in the residual sodium environment was attributed to enhanced segregation of sodium during the welding solidification; this segregation, in turn, resulted in an expanded temperature range of solid-liquid coexistence.

Keywords

References

  1. T. Nakazawa et al., Advanced Type Stainless Steel 316FR for Fast Breeder Reactor Structures, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 143-144 (20) (2003), 905-909 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-0136(03)00484-9
  2. K. Aoto, Remodeling of Coolant System, Development of SUS316 FBR Grade and Its Application to "JOYO" MK-III Intermediate Heat Exchanger, JNC Technical Review, 21 (12) (2003), 63-75 (in Japanese)
  3. A. Maruyama et al., Journal of the Atomic Energy Society of Japan, 26 (4) (1984), 327-338 (in Japanese) https://doi.org/10.3327/jaesj.26.327
  4. T. Furukawa et al., Effect of Sodium Environment on Creep and Fatigur Properties of FBR Grade Type 316 Stainless Steel, Journal of Society of Materials Science, Japan, 48 (12) (1999), 1373-1378 (in Japanese) https://doi.org/10.2472/jsms.48.1373
  5. W. F. Savage and C. D. Lundin, Welding Journal, 44(10) (1965), 433s-442s
  6. J. C. Lippold and D. J. Kotecki, Welding Metallurgy and Weldability of Stainless Steels, A John Wiley & Sons, New York (2005), 141-229
  7. S. Kou, Welding metallurgy, 2nd ed., A John Wiley & Sons, New York (2003), 216-242
  8. V. M. Radhakrishnan, Hot Cracking in Austenitic Stainless Steel Weld Metal, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 5 (1) (2000), 40-44 https://doi.org/10.1179/stw.2000.5.1.40
  9. Y. Arata et al., Varestrant Test for Solidification Cracking Susceptibility in Weld Metal of Austenitic Stainless Steel, Transactions of JWRI, 3 (1) (1974), 79-88
  10. F. Matsuda et al., Fractographic Investigation on Solidification Crack in the Varestraint Test of Fully Austenitic Stainless Steel, Transactions of JWRI, 7 (1) (1978), 59-70
  11. F. Matsuda et al., The VDR Cracking Test for Solidification Crack Susceptibility on Weld Metals and Its Application to Aluminium Alloys, Transactions of JWRI, 8 (1) (1979), 85-95
  12. T. Ogawa and E. Tsunetomi, Hot Cracking Susceptibility of Austenitic Stainless Steels, Welding Journal, 61 (3) (1982), 82s-93s
  13. J. C. Lippold and W. F. Savage, Solidification of Austenitic Stainless Steel Weldments (Part 3)-The Effect of Solidification Behavior on Hot Cracking Susceptibility-, Welding Journal, 61 (12) (1982), 388s- 396s
  14. F. Matsuda et al., Quantitative Evaluation of Solidification Brittleness of Weld Metal during Solidification by means of In-situ Observation and Measurement (Report 1)-Development of the MISO Technique-, Transactions of JWRI 12 (1) (1983), 65-72
  15. F. Matsuda et al., Solidification Crack Susceptibility in Laser Beam Weld Metal of 0.2C Low Alloy Steels-Effect of Bead Configuration and S and P Contents-, Transactions of JWRI, 16 (2) (1987), 103-114
  16. J. C. Lippold, Solidification Behavior and Cracking Susceptibility of Pulsed-laser Welds in Austenitic Stainless Steel, Welding Journal, 73 (6) (1994), 129s-139s
  17. S. Katayama, Solidification Phenomena of Weld Metals-Solidification Cracking Mechanism and Cracking Susceptibility (3rd Report)-, Welding International, 15 (8) (2001), 627-636 https://doi.org/10.1080/09507110109549415
  18. K. Saida et al., Contribution of Phosphorus and Sulfur on Hot Cracking Susceptibility of Extra-high-purity-25Cr-35Ni Stainless Steels, Welding Journal, 92 (11) (2013), 322s-331s
  19. K. Saida et al., Quantitative Influence of Minor and Impurity Elements of Solidification Cracking Susceptibility of Extra High Purity Type 310 Stainless Steel, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 18 (7) (2013), 616-623 https://doi.org/10.1179/1362171813Y.0000000149
  20. E. J. Chun et al., Solidification Cracking Behavior in Austenitic Stainless Steel Laser Welds (Part 1)-Evaluation of Solidification Cracking Susceptibility by Laser Beam Welding Varestraint Test-, J. of Welding and Joining, 34 (5) (2016), 54-60 (in Korean) https://doi.org/10.5781/JWJ.2016.34.5.54
  21. E. J. Chun et al., Solidification Cracking Behavior in Austenitic Stainless Steel Laser Welds (Part 2)-Effects of ${\delta}$-ferrite Crystallization and Solidification Segregation Behavior on Solidification Cracking Susceptibility-, J. of Welding and Joining, 34 (5) (2016), 61-69 (in Korean) https://doi.org/10.5781/JWJ.2016.34.5.61
  22. H. Inoue et al., Solidification and Transformation Behavior of Austenitic Stainless Steel Weld Metals Solidified as Primary Austenite-Study of Solidification and Subsequent Transformation of Cr-Ni Stainless Steel Weld Metals (1st Report)-, Welding International, 11 (11) (1997), 876-887 https://doi.org/10.1080/09507119709447338
  23. H. Inoue et al., Solidification and Transformation Behavior of Austenitic Stainless Steel Weld Metals Solidified as Primary Ferrite-Study of Solidification and Subsequent Transformation of Cr-Ni Stainless Steel Weld Metals (2nd Report)-, Welding International, 11 (12) (1997), 937-949 https://doi.org/10.1080/09507119709447349
  24. T. Hashimoto et al., Metallurgical Evaluation for Residual Stress Measurement Accuracy of Multi-Pass Girth Welded Pipe Joint in Austenitic Stainless Steel by X-Ray Diffraction, Journal of the Japan Society for Testing Materials, 60 (7) (2011), 610-616 (in Japanese) https://doi.org/10.2472/jsms.60.610
  25. J. Huang et al., Assessment of Thermochemical Data of Ternary Na-Fe Oxides and Calculation of Na-Fe-O Phase Diagram, JNC TN9400 2002- 006 (2002) (in Japanese)