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Improvement of Katsuobushi smoking machine for the reduction of benzo(a)pyrene

가쓰오부시 훈연기 개선 및 벤조피렌 저감화

  • Hong, Ju Hee (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University) ;
  • Hwang, Sang Min (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University) ;
  • Lee, Seung Ju (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University)
  • 홍주희 (동국대학교 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 황상민 (동국대학교 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 이승주 (동국대학교 식품생명공학과)
  • Received : 2016.11.08
  • Accepted : 2017.01.16
  • Published : 2017.04.30

Abstract

A Katsuobushi smoking machine was developed and evaluated to determine its benzo(a)pyrene reducing effect. The machine was equipped with two heaters for smoking and chamber heating. The smoke-generating system was equipped with a cadmium sulfide (CdS) smoke sensor, an on/off controller, and a rotating feeder with a smoke inlet. Raw bonito was steamed and then smoked under three smoke levels. After smoking at $45^{\circ}C$ for 108 h, the benzo(a)pyrene concentrations were 5.87, 7.83, and $11.41{\mu}g/kg$ at the low, middle, and high smoke levels, respectively. The benzo(a)pyrene concentrations after low-level smoking at 45, 65, and $85^{\circ}C$ for 108 h were 5.87, 4.82, and $3.27{\mu}g/kg$, respectively. Accordingly, the optimal conditions for benzo(a)pyrene reduction were a lower smoke level and higher smoking temperature. These optimal smoking conditions can be implemented with the newly developed machine, but is not possible using a conventional Katsuobushi smoking machine.

훈연 가쓰오부시의 벤조피렌 저감화를 위하여 훈연기를 개선하고 이의 저감화 효과를 평가하였다. 기존 훈연기는 동일한 히터를 사용하여 연기생성 및 가열을 동시에 행하는데 비하여 개선된 훈연기는 연기생성부 및 가열부를 갖추어 연기생성과 가열이 각각 되도록 하였다. 연기생성부는 훈연실 내부에 설치된 CdS 광센서, on/off 제어기, 연소실과 훈연실 사이에 연기 공급을 개폐하는 압축구동 회전체로 구성하였다. 가열부는 훈연실 내부의 온도센서, PID 제어기, 전기히터로 구성하였다. 자숙된 가다랑어를 연기농도를 세가지 수준으로 제어하며 45도에서 훈연한 결과 108시간 경과 후 연기농도가 낮은 순으로 벤조피렌 농도가 5.87, 7.83, $11.41{\mu}g/kg$로 각각 나타났다. 연기농도를 가장 낮은 농도에서 온도를 달리하여 훈연한 결과 벤조피렌 농도가 각각 5.87, 4.82, $3.27{\mu}g/kg$로 검출되었다. 따라서 벤조피렌 저감화 조건은 낮은 연기농도와 높은 온도가 바람직함을 알 수 있었다. 기존 훈연기는 높은 온도를 사용할 경우 연기농도가 종속적으로 높아지기 때문에 저감화 조건을 만족시킬 수 없는 반면에 본 개선된 훈연기는 저감화를 구현할 수 있었다.

Keywords

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