Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회)
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Environmental Fate and Effect of ZnO Nanoparticles

산화아연 나노입자의 환경 거동 및 영향 연구

  • Ha, Ji Yeon (Department of Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Jang, Min Hee (Future Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology) ;
  • Hwang, Yu Sik (Department of Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology)
  • 하지연 (과학기술연합대학원대학교 인체 및 환경 독성학) ;
  • 장민희 (안전성평가연구소 미래환경연구센터) ;
  • 황유식 (과학기술연합대학원대학교 인체 및 환경 독성학)
  • Received : 2017.06.29
  • Accepted : 2017.07.14
  • Published : 2017.07.31
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Abstract

ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are mainly used in semiconductors, solar cells, biosensors, and cosmetics (sunscreen). In this study, we investigated the behavior of ZnO NPs in aquatic and soil environments and their effects on plants (Artemisia annua L.) in hydroponic cultivation. It was confirmed that the ZnO NPs size increased and their dissolution decreased with increasing in pH. Leaching distance of ZnO NPs was less than 2.5 cm, indicating that ZnO NPs had a little potential to leach into deeper soil layers. When ZnO NPs were exposed to plant, the total weights of plants decreased. The effects on the length of root and shoot were not observed. In addition large amount of ZnO NPs were adsorbed on the surface of plant root and didn't translocate into shoot. These results suggest that ZnO NPs block the pores of the root cell wall and decrease the bioavailability of plant nutrients. Therefore it can be speculated that the particles increase in size and settle down in the water environment and may adversely affect the plant growth by firmly adhering to the root surface when the ZnO NPs are exposed to the environment.

산화아연 나노입자(ZnO nanoparticles, ZnO NPs)는 반도체, 태양전지, 바이오센서 및 화장품 (자외선 차단제) 등에 주로 쓰이며 해마다 사용량이 증가하여 환경에 노출될 가능성이 높아졌다. 이에 본 연구에서는 수환경과 토양환경 내 산화아연 나노입자의 거동 및 수경재배 방식으로 식물에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 수환경 조건 pH 7 이상 (pH =7-10)에서는 산화아연 나노입자의 입자크기가 증가하였고, 용해된 아연이 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 산화아연 나노입자는 토양 내에서 2.5cm 까지 이동하여, 하부로의 이동이 매우 미비함을 확인하였다. 한편, 산화아연 나노입자를 식물에 노출시킬 경우 총무게가 감소하였고, 뿌리 및 줄기의 길이에는 영향을 주지 않았다. 또한 뿌리 표면에 흡착하거나 세포내로 이동한 산화아연 나노입자를 관찰할 수 있었으며, 줄기로의 이동은 미비함을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 식물의 뿌리 및 줄기로 이동하여 세포벽을 파괴하는 아연 이온과는 달리, 산화아연 나노입자는 식물 뿌리에 흡착하여 체내로 영양분이 공급되는 것을 방해함으로써 식물 성장에 영향을 주는 것을 의미한다. 따라서 산화아연 나노입자가 환경 중에 노출될 경우 수환경에서는 입자크기가 증가하여 침전 현상이 일어나고, 식물 뿌리에 흡착하여 식물 성장에 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Grant : 제조나노물질 환경위해성 평가기술 구축

Supported by : 안전성평가연구소

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