Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
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Comparison of Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship and Chemical Antioxidant Activity of β-Carotene and Lycopene and Their Protective Effects on Intracellular Oxidative Stress

β-Carotene과 Lycopene의 양자역학 및 화학적 항산화능과 세포 내 산화적 스트레스 보호 효과의 비교

  • Park, Sun Young (Department of Food and Nutrition, and Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University) ;
  • Jung, Hana (Department of Human Ecology, Korea National Open University) ;
  • Jhin, Changho (Convergence Research Center for Smart Farm Solution, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute) ;
  • Hwang, Keum Taek (Department of Food and Nutrition, and Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kwak, Ho-Kyung (Department of Human Ecology, Korea National Open University)
  • 박선영 (서울대학교 생활과학대학 식품영양학과.생활과학연구소) ;
  • 정하나 (한국방송통신대학교 생활과학과) ;
  • 진창호 (한국과학기술연구원 강릉분원 천연물연구소 SFS융합연구단) ;
  • 황금택 (서울대학교 생활과학대학 식품영양학과.생활과학연구소) ;
  • 곽호경 (한국방송통신대학교 생활과학과)
  • Received : 2017.03.10
  • Accepted : 2017.08.18
  • Published : 2017.09.30
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the chemical and intracellular antioxidant activities of ${\beta}$-carotene and lycopene and to compare their quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR). In our previous study, the second ionization energy of lycopene was higher than that of ${\beta}$-carotene, as calculated by QSAR. Chemical antioxidant activities of ${\beta}$-carotene, lycopene, and Trolox were examined by measuring ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Intracellular antioxidant activities were evaluated by intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA fragmentation. The FRAP of lycopene was higher than that of ${\beta}$-carotene (P<0.05), and the two carotenoids had similar antioxidant activities in DPPH radical scavenging activity assay. Trolox had the greatest chemical antioxidant activities (P<0.05). When RAW264.7 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (100 ng/mL) for 20 h, intracellular ROS and DNA fragmentation significantly increased (P<0.05). RAW 264.7 cells pretreated with ${\beta}$-carotene ($4{\mu}M$) and lycopene ($0.4{\sim}2{\mu}M$) for 4 h formed significantly less intracellular ROS than LPS-treated control cells (P<0.05), whereas cells with Trolox did not reduce production of intracellular ROS. In addition, cells pretreated with $2{\mu}M$ lycopene produced less intracellular ROS than those treated with ${\beta}$-carotene (P<0.05). DNA fragmentation of cells with ${\beta}$-carotene and lycopene was similar to that of LPS-treated control cells as measured by Hoechst staining. The antioxidant ability of lycopene was greater than that of ${\beta}$-carotene in the QSAR, FRAP, and intracellular ROS assays (P<0.05). ${\beta}$-Carotene and lycopene had lower antioxidant activities as measured by FRAP (P<0.05) but higher intracellular protective effects against LPS-induced oxidative stress in comparison with Trolox.

본 연구는 ${\beta}$-carotene과 lycopene의 양자역학 및 화학적 항산화능과 세포 내 항산화 효과를 분석하였다. ${\beta}$-Carotene과 lycopene의 항산화능을 양자역학적으로 비교한 결과 lycopene의 항산화능이 ${\beta}$-carotene보다 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 항산화능의 차이는 FRAP로 측정하였을 때도 유사하게 관찰되었다. Trolox와 비교했을 때 ${\beta}$-carotene과 lycopene의 FRAP 수치는 유의적으로 낮았으나 LPS에 의한 세포 내 ROS 생성을 낮추는 데는 두 카로티노이드가 더 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 그러므로 본 연구에서 비교한 ${\beta}$-carotene과 lycopene의 양자역학적 항산화능은 화학적 항산화능을 일부 반영하지만, 실제 세포 내 ROS에 의한 산화스트레스 저하 효과와는 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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