DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Comparison of Physicochemical Properties of Local Commercial Rice Brands

지역 브랜드 쌀의 이화학적 특성 비교

  • Received : 2017.08.08
  • Accepted : 2017.09.22
  • Published : 2017.11.30

Abstract

The study examined and compared the physicochemical and characteristics of various rice brand varieties and private brand products on the market. The moisture content in the proximate composition of rice was 15.67~17.03%, crude protein content was 5.73~6.30%, crude lipid content was 0.38~0.95%, and crude ash content was 0.23~0.56 %. Ilmi and Ilpum had high moisture content, whereas Gosihikkari and Hopyeong had high crude protein content. In the Hunter's color value of rice flour, L value was 96.76~97.27, a value was -1.63~-0.63, and b value was 2.00~2.60. The WAI was 1.21~1.39, WSI was 0.63~0.93%, and amylose content was 14.63~20.86%, respectively; Gosihikkari and Ilmi showed the lowest values. The X-ray diffraction patterns of rice flours of all varieties showed an A shape. For the amylogram properties of rice flour, initial pasting temperature was $59.57{\sim}63.23^{\circ}C$, maximum viscosity was 569.00~718.67 B.U. (Brabender Units), breakdown was 303.00~423.67 B.U., and setback was 212.67~265.33 B.U.. For differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) of rice flour, onset temperature was $54.66{\sim}58.63^{\circ}C$, peak temperature was $65.87{\sim}68.14^{\circ}C$, end temperature was $73.37{\sim}75.54^{\circ}C$, and enthalpy was 1.98~2.95 cal/g. The rice varieties with high internal density and initial pasting temperature as well as low crude protein content, WAI, amylose content, and setback can be classified as good. Gosihikkari in Gyeonggi Province, Ilmi and Hopyeong in Jeollanam-do, and Samgwang in Chungcheongnam-do are among them.

본 연구는 시판되고 있는 경기도, 충청남도, 경상북도, 전라남도 등의 지역에서 시판되고 있는 브랜드 쌀 품종과 대형마트에서 판매하는 PB 제품의 이화학적 특성 및 호화 특성을 분석하여 비교 검토하였다. 쌀의 일반성분 분석에서 수분함량은 15.67~17.03%, 조단백 함량은 5.73~6.30%, 조지방 함량은 0.38~0.95% 그리고 조회분 함량은 0.23~0.56%로 나타났고, 전라남도 일미벼 품종과 경상북도 일품벼 품종의 수분 함량이 높았고, 경기도 고시히카리 품종과 전라남도 호평벼 품종의 조단백 함량이 낮았다. 쌀가루의 색도에서 L값은 96.76~97.27, a값은 -1.63~-0.63 그리고 b값은 2.00~2.60으로 나타났다. 쌀가루의 수분흡수지수는 1.21~1.39로 나타났고, 수분용해지수는 0.63~0.93%로 경기도 고시히카리 품종과 전라남도 일미벼 품종에서 낮게 나타났다. 쌀가루의 아밀로오스 함량은 14.63~20.86%로 경기도 고시히카리 품종과 전라남도 일미벼 품종에서 낮게 나타났다. 쌀가루의 X-선 회절도를 측정한 결과 모든 품종의 쌀가루는 A 도형을 나타냈다. 아밀로그램에 의한 쌀가루의 호화 특성 분석 결과, 호화개시온도는 $59.57{\sim}63.23^{\circ}C$, 최고점도는 569.00~718.67 B.U., 최고점도 시 온도는 $87.23{\sim}89.27^{\circ}C$, 최저점도는 264.67~295.00 B.U., $50^{\circ}C$로 냉각한 냉각점도는 418.33~563.33 B.U., 강하점도는 303.00~423.67 B.U. 그리고 치반점도는 212.67~265.33 B.U.로 나타났다. 시차열량주사계를 이용한 쌀가루의 호화엔탈피 측정 결과 호화개시온도는 $54.66{\sim}58.63^{\circ}C$, 호화정점온도는 $65.87{\sim}68.14^{\circ}C$, 호화종료온도는 $73.37{\sim}75.54^{\circ}C$ 그리고 호화엔탈피는 1.98~2.95 cal/g으로 나타났다. 내부치밀도와 호화 개시온도가 높고 수분흡수지수, 조단백 함량, 아밀로오스 함량 그리고 아밀로그램의 최종점도 및 치반점도가 낮으면 식미가 좋은 품종으로 봤을 때 경기도의 고시히카리 품종, 전라남도의 일미벼 품종 및 호평벼 품종 그리고 충청남도의 삼광벼 품종이 우수한 품종으로 나타났다.

Keywords

References

  1. Lee CH. 2003. A study on the differentiation of a local brand rice. Com Design Asso Korea 14: 58-66.
  2. Park CE, Kim YS, Park DJ, Park KJ, Kim BK. 2011. Pasting and sensory properties of commercial rice products. Korean J Food Sci Technol 43: 401-406. https://doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2011.43.4.401
  3. Kim SJ, Ahn DJ, Won JG, Park SD, Choi CD. 2008. Analysis of grain quality of commercial brand rice for the production of high-quality rices in Gyeongbuk Province, Korea. Korean J Crop Sci 53: 44-46.
  4. Choi HC. 2002. Current status and perspectives in varietal improvement of rice cultivars for high-quality and valueadded products. Korean J Crop Sci 47: 15-32.
  5. Kwak YM, Kim CE, Sohn JK, Kang MY. 2006. Grain quality of commercial brand rice produced in Kyungpook province. Korean J Crop Sci 51: 645-651.
  6. Kim KJ, Kim SL, Song J, Son SR, Hwang HG, Shin JC, Choi HC, Choi YK, Min YG. 2001. Physicochemical and milling characteristics of paddy rice with the harvesting times. J Korean Soc Agric Chem Biotechnol 44: 179-184.
  7. Kim CE, Kang MY, Kim MH. 2012. Comparison of properties affecting the palatability of 33 commercial brands of rice. Korean J Crop Sci 57: 301-309. https://doi.org/10.7740/kjcs.2012.57.3.301
  8. AOAC. 1984. Official methods of analysis. 14th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC, USA. p 31-47.
  9. Anderson RA. 1982. Water absorption and solubility and amylograph characteristics of roll-cooked small grain products. Cereal Chem 59: 265-269.
  10. Williams PC, Kuzina FD, Hlynka I. 1970. A rapid colorimetric procedure for estimating the amylose content of starches and flours. Cereal Chem 47: 411-420.
  11. Medcalf DG, Gilles KA. 1966. Effect of a lyotropic ion series on the pasting characteristics of wheat and corn starches. Starch 18: 101-105. https://doi.org/10.1002/star.19660180403
  12. Donovan JW, Lorenz K, Kulp K. 1983. Differential scanning calorimetry of heat-moisture treated wheat and potato starches. Cereal Chem 60: 381-387.
  13. Kyoun OY, Oh SH, Kim HJ, Lee JH, Kim HC, Yoon WK, Kim HM, Kim MR. 2006. Analyses of nutrients and antinutrients of rice cultivars. Korean J Food Cook Sci 22: 949-956.
  14. Juliano BO. 1985. Criteria and tests for rice grain qualities. 2nd ed. American Association Cereal Chemists, St. Paul, MN, USA. p 443-524.
  15. Choi I. 2010. Physicochemical properties of rice cultivars with different amylose contents. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 39: 1313-1319. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2010.39.9.1313
  16. Moon GS, Kim MJ, Jin MH, Kim SY, Park SY, Ryu BM. 2010. Physicochemical and sensory properties of rice stored in an unused tunnel. Korea J Food Cook Sci 26: 220-228.
  17. Kim WS, Shin M. 2007. The properties of rice flours prepared by dry- and wet-milling of soaking glutinous and normal grains. Korean J Food Cook Sci 23: 908-918.
  18. Kim EM. 2010. The properties of rice flours prepared by dry and wet milling method. Korean J Food Cook Sci 26: 727-736.
  19. Kim JM, No J, Song NJ, Shin M. 2017. Quality characteristics of rice cupcakes prepared from Korean rice varieties. Korean J Food Sci Technol 49: 151-157. https://doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2017.49.2.151
  20. Kim RY, Kim CS, Kim HI. 2009. Physicochemical properties of non-waxy rice flour affected by grinding methods and steeping times. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 38: 1076-1083. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2009.38.8.1076
  21. Kim SK, Bang JB. 1993. Physicochemical properties of rice affected by steeping conditions. Korean J Food Sci Technol 28: 1026-1032.
  22. Jeong HS, Min YK, Toledo RT. 2002. Effects of low temperature extrusion method on the physical properties and cell structure of pregelatinized rice flour extrudate. Food Eng Prog 6: 145-151.
  23. Lee YT, Kim Y. 2011. Physicochemical properties of brown rice flours differing in amylose content prepared by different milling methods. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 40: 1797-1801. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2011.40.12.1797
  24. Lee NY. 2013. Starch and quality characteristics of Korean rice cultivar with waxy and non-waxy type. Korean J Crop Sci 58: 226-231. https://doi.org/10.7740/kjcs.2013.58.3.226
  25. Huh CK, Shim KH, Kim YD. 2016. Comparison of physicochemical properties between conventional and high-yielding rice varieties. Korean J Food Sci Technol 48: 20-26. https://doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2016.48.1.20
  26. Choi HC. 1997. Physicochemical and structural characteristics of grain associated with palatability in japonica rice. Korean J Breed 29: 15-27.
  27. Zhou Z, Robards K, Helliwell S, Blanchard C. 2002. Ageing of stored rice: Changes in chemical and physical attributes. J Cereal Sci 35: 65-78. https://doi.org/10.1006/jcrs.2001.0418
  28. Kang MY, Han JY, Nam SH. 2000. Physicochemical properties of starch granules from endosperm mutants in rice. Korean J Food Sci Technol 32: 258-264.
  29. Choi OJ, Jung HN, Shim KH. 2015. Physicochemical properties of powdered, soft and hard type rice flour by different milling methods. Korean J Food Preserv 22: 174-181. https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2015.22.2.174
  30. Hung PV, Maeda T, Morita N. 2007. Study on physicochemical characteristics of waxy and high-amylose wheat starches in comparison with normal wheat starch. Starch 59: 125-131. https://doi.org/10.1002/star.200600577
  31. Fitzgerald MA, Martin M, Ward RM, Park WD, Shead HJ. 2003. Viscosity of rice flour: A rheological and biological study. J Agric Food Chem 51: 2295-2299. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf020574i
  32. Park IM, Ibanez AM, Shoemaker CF. 2007. Rice starch molecular size and its relationship with amylose content. Starch 59: 69-77. https://doi.org/10.1002/star.200600568
  33. Choi OJ, Kim YD, Shin JH, Noh MH, Shim KH. 2012. Physicochemical properties of diverse rice species. Korean J Food Preserv 19: 532-538. https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2012.19.4.532
  34. Biliaderis CG, Maurice TJ, Vose JR. 1980. Starch gelatinization phenomena studied by differential scanning calorimetry. J Food Sci 45: 1669-1674. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1980.tb07586.x
  35. Hong YJ, Lee JH, Oh SK, Yoon MR, Choi IS, Park JH, Jung HJ, Cho MS, Lee JS, Kim CK. 2012. Quality characteristics of rice varieties suitable for sushi. Korean J Crop Sci 57: 436-440. https://doi.org/10.7740/kjcs.2012.57.4.436
  36. Han SH, Choi EJ, Oh MS. 2000. A comparative study on cooking quality of imported and domestic rices (Chuchung byeo). Korean J Soc Food Sci 16: 91-97.
  37. Yuan RC, Thompson DB, Boyer CD. 1993. Fine structure of amylopectin in relation to gelatinization and retrogradation behavior of maize starches from three wx-containing genotypes in two inbred lines. Cereal Chem 70: 81-89.
  38. Matveev YI, Van Soestc JJG, Nieman C, Wasserman LA, Protserov VA, Ezemitskaja M, Yuryev VP. 2001. The relationship between thermodynamic and structural properties of low and high amylose maize starches. Carbohyd Polym 44: 151-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0144-8617(00)00211-3
  39. Zhou Z, Robards K, Helliwell S, Blanchard C. 2002. Composition and functional properties of rice. Int J Food Sci Technol 37: 849-868. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2621.2002.00625.x
  40. Kang HJ, Seo HS, Hwang IK. 2004. Comparison of gelatinization and retrogradation characteristics among endosperm mutant rice derived from Ilpumbyeo. Korean J Food Sci Technol 36: 879-884.
  41. Kum JH, Lee SH, Lee HY, Kim KH, Kim YI. 1993. Effects of different milling methods on physico-chemical properties & products. Korean J Food Sci Technol 25: 546-551.