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Base Study Related with Development of Natural Bio-Adhesives Using Seaweeds

해초류를 이용한 천연 바이오 접착제 개발 기반 연구

  • Han, Won-Sik (Laboratory for Applications and Fair of Inorganic material, Hanseo University) ;
  • Oh, Seung-Jun (Conservation Science Division, Korean Institute for Archaeology & Environment) ;
  • kim, Young-Mi (The Research center of Conservation Science for Cultural Heritage, Hanseo University) ;
  • Lee, You-Jin (The Research center of Conservation Science for Cultural Heritage, Hanseo University) ;
  • Kim, Ye-Jin (The Research center of Conservation Science for Cultural Heritage, Hanseo University) ;
  • Park, Min-Seon (The Research center of Conservation Science for Cultural Heritage, Hanseo University) ;
  • Wi, Koang-Chul (The Research of Conservation Science for Cultural Heritage, Hanseo University)
  • 한원식 (한서대학교 무기 재료 공정 및 응용 연구소) ;
  • 오승준 ((재)한국고고환경연구소 보존과학실) ;
  • 김영미 (한서대학교 문화재보존과학연구센터) ;
  • 이유진 (한서대학교 문화재보존과학연구센터) ;
  • 김예진 (한서대학교 문화재보존과학연구센터) ;
  • 박민선 (한서대학교 문화재보존과학연구센터) ;
  • 위광철 (한서대학교 문화재보존학과)
  • Received : 2018.11.09
  • Accepted : 2018.12.10
  • Published : 2018.12.20

Abstract

In this study, in a bid to develop natural bioadhesives for paper craft, the hanji industry, and preserving cultural assets, complex polysaccharides were extracted from brown and red algae and used as an ingredient in adhesives. Brown algae include sea trumpet, kelp, sea oak, and sea mustard, whereas red algae include Pachymeniopsis elliptica agar-agar weed, Gloiopeltis tenax, and hunori. The polysaccharides were extracted after transforming them from non-aqueous Ca complexes contained in each of the brown and red algae into water-soluble polysaccharides containing alkali metals with a solubility level of 1. and extracted Subsequently, only the polysaccharides were extracted using alcohol precipitation. The adhesion tensile strengths of kelp, a brown algae, and Pachymeniopsis elliptica, a red algae, were 21.58 and 32.99 kgf, respectively. They thus demonstrated better adhesion than that of solid glue products such as water plants (18.45 kgf) and glue sticks (20.45 kgf). The extraction yield of these polysaccharides is supposed to be determined according to their extracted environments; however, no difference in adhesion strength was seen. Further, it was found that the shapes of polysaccharides were determined by their growing environment instead of extraction environment. Use of multi-step alcohol precipitation method during extraction enabled the removal of the constituents except protein and other polysaccharides, thereby demonstrating a stable outcome without cultivation of mold. Furthermore, there was no occurrence of mold even after production of the adhesives by the simple solution method, which demonstrates the adhesive's potential as an environment-friendly adhesive material.

종이 공예 및 한지 산업, 문화재 보존 등에 활용을 위한 천연 바이오 접착제를 개발하기 위해 해초류 중 갈조류, 홍조류의 복합 다당류를 추출하여 이를 접착 성분으로 사용하였다. 갈조류는 감태, 다시마, 대황, 미역, 홍조류는 도박, 우뭇가사리, 풀가사리, 후노리로 갈조류와 홍조류에 포함된 비수용성 Ca 착물 형태의 다당류를 수용성의 1 가 알칼리 금속이 포함된 수용성 다당류들로 변형하여 추출하고 알코올 침전을 이용하여 다당류만을 얻고자 하였다. 갈조류는 다시마의 접착 인장 강도가 21.58 kgf, 홍조류는 도박이 32.99 kgf를 나타내어 물풀(18.45 kgf)과 딱풀(20.45 kgf)로 알려진 고체풀의 접착력에 상회하는 결과를 나타내었다. 이 추출된 다당류들은 추출 환경에 따라서 추출 수율이 결정되었지만, 접착도에는 차이를 나타나지 않고 있어서 추출 환경이 아니라 생육 환경에 의해 다당류의 형태가 결정되어지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 추출 시에 다단계의 알코올 침전법을 사용함으로 추출 과정에서 단백질 및 기타 다당류를 제외한 구성 성분들이 제거된 결과가 나타나서 곰팡이 배양이 되지 않는 안정한 결과를 보이고 있었으며, 단순 용해에 의한 접착제 제작 후에도 곰팡이의 발생이 없어서 친환경 접착 재료로서의 사용이 가능한 결과를 나타내었다.

Keywords

References

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