Korean Journal of Agricultural Science (농업과학연구)

Institute of Agricultural Science, CNU (충남대학교 농업과학연구소)
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Enhanced pig production: potential use of insect gut microbiota for pig production

  • Shin, Jiwon (Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University) ;
  • Kim, Bo-Ra (Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University) ;
  • Guevarra, Robin B. (Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University) ;
  • Lee, Jun Hyung (Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University) ;
  • Lee, Sun Hee (Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University) ;
  • Kim, Young Hwa (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Wattanaphansak, Suphot (Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University) ;
  • Kang, Bit Na (Abbvie Bioresearch Center) ;
  • Kim, Hyeun Bum (Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University)
  • Received : 2018.03.20
  • Accepted : 2018.06.11
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

The insect gut microbiome is known to have important roles in host growth, development, digestion, and resistance against pathogens. In addition, the genetic diversity of the insect gut microbiota has recently been recognized as potential genetic resources for industrial bioprocessing. However, there is limited information regarding the insect gut microbiota to better help us understand their potential benefits for enhanced pig production. With the development of next-generation sequencing methods, whole genome sequence analysis has become possible beyond traditional culture-independent methods. This improvement makes it possible to identify and characterize bacteria that are not cultured and located in various environments including the gastrointestinal tract. Insect intestinal microorganisms are known to have an important role in host growth, digestion, and immunity. These gut microbiota have recently been recognized as potential genetic resources for livestock farming which is using the functions of living organisms to integrate them into animal science. The purpose of this literature review is to emphasize the necessity of research on insect gut microbiota and their applicability to pig production or bioindustry. In conclusion, bacterial metabolism of feed in the gut is often significant for the nutrition intake of animals, and the insect gut microbiome has potential to be used as feed additives for enhanced pig performance. The exploration of the structure and function of the insect gut microbiota needs further investigation for their potential use in the swine industry particularly for the improvement of growth performance and overall health status of pigs.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. The enzymes that are involved in the degradation of cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. Red arrows indicate the active site of degradation.

Table 1. Cereals and world population in 1999 and 2050. Adopted from (Gilland, 2002).

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