Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas (한국가스학회지)

The Korean Institute of GAS (한국가스학회)
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A Study on Development of Mobile LNG Yard Tractor Refueling Standards

이동식 LNG 야드트랙터 충전 기준 개발 연구

  • Received : 2018.11.05
  • Accepted : 2018.12.07
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

As part of measures to reduce fine dust, the government is promoting a project to convert the fuel of Yard Tractors(YT, tractors operated at ports), from diesel to LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas). While a port having a small number of yard tractors, it is not proper to construct a stationary LNG fueling station and supply LNG to YT due to a problem of BOG (Boil off gas) generation. Therefore, it is necessary to make a regulation and a standard on mobile LNG YT refueling station installation and inspection as an alternative. In this study, we have investigated domestic and foreign mobile LNG refueling cases and refueling standards, including the USA and Europe. In addition, we have suggested the risk reduction method according to the cause after investigation of the cause of LNG accidents. And last, based on the proposed risk reduction measures, we have proposed an amendment to the Regulation of the Urban Gas Business Law in Korea. The proposed mobile LNG YT refueling amendment of the Regulation includes ; maintenance of the safety distance from the protection facility, installation of an interlock device to prevent refueling in places other than the authorized place, installation of the identification system through biometrics, separation of the tank lorry and tow vehicle before refueling, checking the wheel fixed status of tank lorry before refueling, construction of the impounding area, safety measures before, during and after refueling, etc. The safety standards proposed in this study could be used as a reference in establishing standards for mobile LNG vehicle refueling in the near future.

정부에서는 미세먼지 저감대책의 일환으로 항만에서 운행하는 트랙터(야드트랙터, YT)의 연료를 디젤에서 LNG로 전환하는 사업을 추진중에 있다. 그런데, 야드트랙터의 보유대수가 적은 항만의 경우에는 BOG (Boil off gas) 발생 문제 등으로 인해 고정식 충전소를 설치하여 LNG를 YT에 공급하는 것이 곤란하다. 따라서, 이에 대한 대안으로 소규모의 이동식 LNG YT 충전소 설치 기준 마련이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 이동식 LNG YT 충전소의 국내 도입을 위해 국내외 이동식 LNG 충전사례 및 충전 기준 조사, LNG 사고 사례 등을 조사하고, 사고 원인에 따른 위험경감 방안을 제시하였다. 또한, 제시된 위험 경감 방안을 토대로 도시가스사업법 시행규칙 개정(안)을 제시하였다. 제시한 이동식 LNG YT 충전 기준은 보호시설과의 안전거리 유지, 허가된 충전장소 이외의 장소에서 충전이 불가하도록 하는 인터록 장치 설치, 생체인식을 통한 신원확인 시스템 설치, 충전 전 탱크로리와 견인차량 분리 및 바퀴 고정상태 확인 등 사고예방을 위한 안전조치, 액확산방지조치, 충전 전 중 후의 안전조치 기준 등이다. 본 연구에서 제시한 안전기준은 향후 이동식 LNG 자동차 충전 기준 마련시 참고자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Mobile LNG Refueling by Tank-lorry[1]

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Fig. 2. An Example of Mobile LNG Bunkering[3]

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Fig. 3. Mobile LNG Fueling Station in USA[5]

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Fig. 4. A Potable LNG Fueling Station in China

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Fig. 5. Fixed LNG Fueling Station in the UK

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Fig. 6. Mobile LNG Fueling Station in Germany

Table 1. Failure Modes and Effects Analysis[7]

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References

  1. KGS, City Gas Business Law & Regulation, (2014)
  2. Young-Don Ryou, et al, "A Study on Safety Standards of Mobile LNG Fuelling Station", KIFSE Annual Fall Conference, (2018)
  3. MOTIE. LNG Fueled Merchant Ship Departure, Press Releases (2017)
  4. NFPA 52, Vehicular Natural Gas Fuel Systems Code (2016)
  5. INOXCVA, LNG_Mobile Fuelling Stations.
  6. ISO 16924, Natural gas fuelling stations-LNG stations for fuelling vehicles, (2016)
  7. KGS, "A Study on Development of Package type LNG Filling System Standard"(2011)
  8. "An Initial Qualitative Discussion on Safety Considerations for LNG Use in Transportation", Working Document of the NPC Future Transportation Fuels Study (2012)
  9. Nathan Siu, Stephen Herring, et al, "Interim Qualitative Risk Assesment for an LNG Refueling Station and Review of Relevant Safety Issues", INEEL (1997)