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Simulation on Recovery of Methane Greenhouse Gas from Biogas Using 3 Stage Membrane Modules

바이오가스로부터 온실가스 메탄 회수를 위한 3단 분리막 공정 모사

  • Lee, Yongtaek (Dept. of Chem. Eng. and Applied Chemistry., Chungnam National University)
  • 이용택 (충남대학교 응용화학공학과)
  • Received : 2018.08.06
  • Accepted : 2018.08.23
  • Published : 2018.08.31

Abstract

Methane is one of the important greenhouse gases and methane is the major component of the biogas. A multiple stage membrane process was developed and analysed with the numerical analysis so that the mole fraction of methane in the final product could be kept higher than 0.95 and simultaneously the recovery of methane was also maintained higher than 99% from the biogas using 3 polysulfone hollow fiber membrane modules which were properly connected. As the feed pressure of the biogas, the mole fraction of methane in the biogas and the membrane area in the membrane module are increased, the methane mole fraction of the final product are found to be increased. However, a proper membrane area in the module should be carefully selected in order to achieve the satisfactory goal of 0.95 mole fraction of methane and 99% recovery of methane from the biogas. Even if the multiple membrane process is utilized with the properly selected membrane modules, the limited operating ranges have to be applied in the following parameters : the feed pressure, the flow rate, the mole fraction of methane in the biogas to get both the target methane concentration and the recovery rate of methane.

메탄은 중요한 온실가스 중의 하나이며, 바이오가스의 주 성분이다. 이러한 바이오가스로부터 메탄의 몰분율 농도를 0.95 이상으로 회수하기 위하여 폴리설폰 중공사 분리막 모듈을 3단으로 연결하여 회수율을 99% 이상으로 얻을 수 있도록 공정을 설계하고 전산 모사하였다. 수치 해석 시 이산화탄소 투과도와 선택도를 이산화탄소의 부분증기압 함수로 나타내어 전산 모사를 수행하여 정확도를 높이고자 하였다. 공급 기체 압력, 공급 기체 내 메탄 농도, 그리고 분리막 모듈 내 분리막 면적이 클수록, 생성물 내 메탄 몰분율 농도가 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 생성물 내 메탄 몰분율 농도를 0.95 이상, 동시에 메탄 회수율을 99% 이상 얻기 위해서는 분리막 모듈의 분리막 면적을 적절히 선택하여야 하며, 선정된 분리막 모듈을 다단 공정으로 구성함에도 불구하고 공급 기체 압력, 공급 기체 유속, 그리고 공급 기체 메탄 농도를 제한적 범위 내에서 조절하여야 함을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

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