Steel and Composite Structures

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Finite element modeling of rolled steel shapes subjected to weak axis bending

  • Saliba, Najib G. (Department of Civil Engineering, University of Balamand) ;
  • Tawk, Issam (Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Balamand) ;
  • Gergess, Antoine N. (Department of Civil Engineering, University of Balamand)
  • Received : 2018.02.08
  • Accepted : 2018.08.24
  • Published : 2018.10.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Point bending is often used for cambering and curving structural steel girders. An analytical solution, applicable in the elasto-plastic range only, that relates applied loads to the desired curve was recently developed for inducing horizontal curves using four-point bending. This solution does not account for initial residual stresses and geometric imperfections built-in hot-rolled sections. This paper presents results from a full-scale test on a hot-rolled steel section curved using four-point bending. In parallel, a numerical analysis, accounting for both initial geometric imperfections and initial residual stresses, was carried out. The models were validated against the experimental results and a good agreement for lateral offset and for strain in the elasto-plastic and post-plastic ranges was achieved. The results show that the effect of initial residual stresses on deformation and strain is minimal. Finally, residual stresses due to cold bending calculated from the numerical analysis were assessed and a revised stress value for the service load design of the curved girder is proposed.

Keywords

References

  1. AASHTO (2004), AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications, (3rd Edition), Published by the American Association of State Highway & Transportation Officials, Washington, DC, USA.
  2. AASHTO (2014), AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications, (7th Edition), Published by the American Association of State Highway & Transportation Officials, Washington, DC, USA.
  3. Abambres, M. and Quach, W. (2014), "Residual Stresses in steel members: a review of available analytical expressions", Int. J. Struct. Integrity, 7(1), 70-94. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSI-12-2014-0070
  4. ANSI/AISC 360-10 (2015), Specification for structural steel buildings, (4th Printing), American Institute of Steel Construction, Chicago, IL, USA.
  5. ASTM (2014), Standard test methods for tension testing of metallic materials, ASTM Designation: E8/E8M - 13a, AASHTO No. T68, an American National Standard, USA.
  6. Bruneau, M., Uang, C. and Whittaker, A. (1998), Ductile Design of Steel Structures, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, USA.
  7. BSK 99 (2003), Swedish design rules for steel structures, Boverket, Karlskrona, Sweden.
  8. Chen, Y., Chen, X. and Wang, C. (2016), "Tests and behavior of hot-rolled channel steel sections subjected to web crippling", J. Constr. Steel Res., 117, 101-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.10.008
  9. Dawson, R.G. and Walker, A.C. (1972), "Post-buckling of geometrically imperfect plates", J. Struct. Div., ASCE, 98(1), 75-94.
  10. European Convention for Constructional Steelwork (ECCS), (1984), Ultimate limit state calculation of sway frames with rigid joints; Technical Committee 8 - Structural Stability Technical Working Group 8.2, Publication No. 33, Paris, France.
  11. Gergess, A. and Sen, R. (2010), "Post-yield response of coldcambered wide-flange steel beams", J. Constr. Steel Res., 66, 1155-1163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.04.010
  12. Gergess, A. and Sen, R. (2016), "Curving structural steel girders by two-point bending", J. Constr. Steel Res., 122, 511-519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2016.04.002
  13. Hassan, M.S., Salawdeh, S. and Goggins, J. (2018), "Determination of geometrical imperfection models in finite element analysis of structural steel hollow sections under cyclic axial loading", J. Constr. Steel Res., 141, 189-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2017.11.012
  14. Hibbitt, Karlsson and Sorensen, Inc. (2012), ABAQUS/Standard User's Manual Volumes I-III and Abaqus CAE Manual; Version 6.12, Pawtucket, RI, USA.
  15. Keating, P.B. and Christian, L.C. (2009), "Effetcs of bending and heat on the ductility and fracture toughness of flange plate", Report No. 0-4624-2; Texas Department of Transportation, Austin, TX, USA.
  16. Lay, M.G. and Ward, R. (1969), "Residual stresses in steel sections", J. Austral. Inst. Steel Constr., 33, 2-21.
  17. Liu, W., Rasmussen, K.J.R. and Zhang, H. (2017), "Modelling and probabilistic study of the residual stress of cold-formed hollow steel sections", Eng. Struct., 150, 986-995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.08.004
  18. Madugula, M.K.S., Haidur, R., Monforton, G.R. and Marshall, D.G. (1997), "Additional residual stress and yield stress tests on hot-rolled angle", Proceedings of the Structural Stability Research Council Annual Technical Session, Toronto, Canada.
  19. Nethercot, D.A. (1974), "Residual stresses and their influence upon the lateral buckling of rolled steel beams", J. Inst. Struct. Engr., 352, 89-96.
  20. Reis, A., Lopes, N., Real, E. and Real, P.V. (2016), "Numerical modelling of steel plate girders at normal and elevated temperatures", Fire Safety J., 86, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2016.08.005
  21. Saliba, N. and Gardner, L. (2013), "Cross-section stability of lean duplex stainless steel welded I-sections", J. Constr. Steel Res., 80, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2012.09.007
  22. Salmon, C.G., Malhas, F.A. and Johnson, J.E. (2010), Steel Structures: Design and Behavior, (5th Edition), Harper-Collins, NY, USA.
  23. Sonck, D. and Belis, J. (2016), "Weak-axis flecural buckling of cellular and castellated columns", J. Constr. Steel Res., 124, 91-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2016.05.002
  24. Szalai, J. and Papp, F. (2005), "A new residual stress distribution for hot-rolled I shaped sections", J. Constr. Steel Res., 61(6), 845-861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2004.12.004
  25. Thombare, C.N., Sangle, K.K. and Mohitkar, V.M. (2016), "Nonlinear buckling analysis of 2-D cold-formed steel simple cross-aisle storage rack frames", J. Build. Eng., 7, 12-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2016.05.004
  26. Trahair, N.S. (1993), Flexural-Torsional Buckling of Structures, E & FN Spon, London, UK.
  27. Wang, J., Afshan, S. and Gardner, L. (2017), "Axial behaviour of prestressed high strength steel tubular members", J. Constr. Steel Res., 133, 547-563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2017.03.002
  28. Wang, J., Afshan, S., Gkantou, M., Theofanous, M., Baniotopoulos, C. and Gardner, L. (2016), "Flexural behaviour of hot-finished high strength steel square and rectangular hollow sections", J. Constr. Steel Res., 121, 97-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2016.01.017
  29. Young, B.W. (1972), "Residual stresses in hot-rolled members", Proceedings of the IABSE International Colloquium on Column Strength, Paris, France.
  30. Yun, X., Gardner, L. and Boissonnade, N. (2018), "The continuous strength method for the design of hot-rolled steel crosssections", Eng. Struct., 157, 179-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.12.009

Cited by

  1. Effect of residual stress and geometric imperfection on the strength of steel box girders vol.34, pp.3, 2018, https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2020.34.3.423