DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Preparation of Flexible Terpolymers using Various Metallocene Catalyst/Borate Cocatalyst System and their Epoxidation

  • Kim, Jung Soo (Department of Human Convergence Technology Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH)) ;
  • Choi, Jun (Department of Human Convergence Technology Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH)) ;
  • Kim, Dong Hyun (Department of Human Convergence Technology Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH))
  • Received : 2019.08.25
  • Accepted : 2019.09.17
  • Published : 2019.12.31

Abstract

In this study, flexible poly(ethylene-ter-1-hexene-ter-divinylbenzene) was prepared using four types of metallocene catalysts (rac-Et(Ind)2ZrCl2, rac-SiMe2(Ind)2ZrCl2, rac-SiMe2(2-Me-Ind)2ZrCl2, (C5Me5)TiCl2[O-2,6-iPr2(C6H3)]) and two types of borate catalysts (trityl tetrakisborate and dimethylanilinium tetrakisborate). The yield, catalytic activity, molecular weight, structure, composition, and thermal properties of the terpolymers prepared using the various catalysts and cocatalyst systems were evaluated. Epoxidation of the terpolymers was successfully performed and this transformation was studied by 1H NMR and FTIR.

Keywords

References

  1. R. B. Stuart, M. N. Suzanne, and R. T. David, "Coordination polymers", RSC publishing, Cambridge CB40WF, UK (2009).
  2. F. G. Sernetz and R. Mulhaupt, "Metallocene-catalyzed ethene/styrene co-and terpolymerization with olefinic termonomers", J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem., 35, 13 (1997).
  3. M. A. Villar and M. L. Ferreira, "Co-and terpolymerization of ethylene, propylene, and higher ${\alpha}$-olefins with high propylene contents using metallocene catalysts", J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem., 39, 7 (2001).
  4. G. Natta, P. Pino, G. Mazzanti, and U. Giannini, "A crystallizable organometallic complex containing titanium and aluminum", J. Am. Chem. Soc., 79, 11 (1957).
  5. D. S. Breslow and N. R. Newburg, "Bis-(Cyclopentadienyl)-titanium dichloride-alkylaluminum complexes as soluble catalysts for the polymerization of ethylene", J. Am. Chem. Soc., 81, 1 (1959). https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01510a001
  6. H. Sinn and W. Kaminsky, "Living polymers on polymerization with extremely productive ziegler catalysts", Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 18, 99 (1980).
  7. K. Weiss, U. Neugebuer, S. Blau, and H. J. Lang, "Untersuchungen von polymerisations und metathesereaktionen, einfach un zweifach dimethylsilylen-verbruckte metallocendichloride des Ti, Zr und Hf in der Ethen- und propenpolymerisation", J. Organomet. Chem., 520, 1 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-328X(95)06063-3
  8. D. H. Lee, H. K. Jung, W. S. Kim, K. E. Min, L. S. Park, K. H. Seo, and S. K. Noh, "Copolymerization of ethylene and cycloolefin with metallocene Catalyst: I. Effect of Catalyst", Polym. Kor., 24, 4 (2000).
  9. S. J. Park, W. J. Wang, and S. Zhu, "Continuous solution copolymerizarion of ethylene with propylene using a constrained geometry catalyst system", Macromol. Chem. Phys., 201, 16 (2000).
  10. W. J. Wang, E. Kolodka, S. Zhu, and Archie E. Hamilelec, "Continuous solution copolymerization of ethylene and octene with constrained geometry metallocene catalyst", J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem., 37, 15 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0518(19990101)37:1<15::AID-POLA3>3.0.CO;2-1
  11. N. Naga and Y. Imanishi, "Copolymerization of ethylene and 1,7-octadiene, 1,9-decadiene with zirconocene catalysts", Macromol. Chem. Phys., 203, 15 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-3935(20020101)203:1<15::AID-MACP15>3.0.CO;2-1
  12. I. Kim, "Copolymerization of ethylene and 5-vinyl-2-norbornene by stereospecific metallocenes and epoxidation of the resulting copolymer", React. Funct. Polym., 49, 3 (2001).
  13. K. Nomura, H. Fukuda, S. Katao, M. Fujiki, H. J. Kim, D. H. Kim, and I. Saeed, "Olefin polymerization by half-titanocenes containing ${\eta}^2$-pyrazolato ligands-MAO catalyst systems", Macromolecules, 44, 7 (2011).
  14. C. De Rosa, O. Ruiz de Ballesteros, F. Auriemma, R. Di Girolamo, C. Scarica, G. Giusto, and I. Camurati, "Polymorphic behavior and mechanical properties of isotactic 1-butene-ethylene copolymers from metallocene catalysts", Macromolecules, 47, 13 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1021/ma402147a
  15. X. Wang, Y. Wang, X. Shi, J. Liu, C. Chen, and Y. Li, "Syntheses of well-defined functional isotactic polypropylenes via efficient copolymerization of propylene with ${\omega}-halo-{\alpha}-alkenes$ by post-metallocene hafnium catalyst", Macromolecules, 47, 2 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1021/ma401762n
  16. S. M. M. Mortazavi, H. Arabi, G. Zohuri, S. Ahmadjo, M. Nekoomanesh, and M. Ahmadi, "Copolymerization of ethylene/${\alpha}$-olefins using bis (2-phenylindenyl) zirconium dichloride metallocene catalyst: structural study of comonomer distribution", Polym. Int., 59, 9 (2010).
  17. T. Sell, A. Winter, M. G. Thorn, A. Dimeska, and F. Langhauser, U.S. patent 8415492 (2013).
  18. L. He, B. Wang, F. Yang, Y. Li, and Z. Ma, "Featured crystallization polymorphism and memory effect in novel butene-1/1, 5-hexadiene copolymers synthesized by post-metallocene hafnium catalyst", Macromolecules, 49, 17 (2016).
  19. J. Y. Dong, H. Hong, and T. C. Chung, "Synthesis of linear polyolefin elastomers containing divinylbenzene units and application in cross-linking, functionalization, and graft reactions", Macromolecules, 36, 16 (2003).
  20. K. L. Hubbard, J. A. Finch, and G. D. Darling, "Epoxidation of the pendant vinylbenzene groups of commercial poly(divinylbenzene-co-ethylvinylbenzene)", React. Funct. Polym., 42, 3 (1999).
  21. H. J. Ban, K. Y. Lee, J. K. Lee, S. T. Chung, and W. S. Ahn, "Propylene epoxidation using titanium-contaning zeolite catalysts", Korean J. Chem. Eng., 44, 2 (2006).
  22. S. Marathe and S. Sivaram, "Regioselective copolymerization of 5-vinyl-2-norbornene with ethylene using zirconocenemethylaluminoxane catalysts: A facile route to functional polyolefins", Macromolecules, 27, 5 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00079a002
  23. S. Machida, H. Shikuma, T. Tazaki, T. Tatsumi, and S. Kurokawa, U.S. patent 5608009 (1997).
  24. B. C. Peoples, V. N. Dougnac, G. B. Galland, F. M. Rabagliati, and R. Quijada, "Preparation of poly (ethylene-co-dicyclopentadiene) copolymers and a study on their post-polymerization epoxidation", Polym. Bull., 70, 1 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-012-0809-8
  25. F. Bai, X. Yang, and W. Huang, "Synthesis of narrow or monodisperse poly(divinylbenzene) microsheres by distillationprecipitation polymerization", Macromolecules, 37, 26 (2004).