Journal of Wetlands Research (한국습지학회지)

Korean Wetlands Society (한국습지학회)
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Effect of Unexpected Foaming Incident on Nitrogen Removal in a Vertical Subsurface Wetland

수직지하 흐름형 습지에서 거품발생이 질소제거에 미치는 영향

  • Cheng, Jing (School of Environmental Science and Technology, Anhui Science and Technology University) ;
  • Guerra, Heidi B. (Department of Environmental Engineering, Hanseo University) ;
  • Kim, Youngchul (Department of Environmental Engineering, Hanseo University)
  • Received : 2019.10.04
  • Accepted : 2019.11.11
  • Published : 2019.11.30
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Abstract

A lab-scale vertical flow subsurface (VFS) wetland composed of three parallel columns with polypropylene synthetic fiber as main substrate was operated. Piggery stormwater diluted from swine excreta was fed to the wetland on the basis of three different hydraulic regimes or hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2, 4, and 8 days with daily internal recirculation. Then, monitoring of common water quality parameters was carried out. Unexpectedly, an increase of effluent COD concentration accompanying the appearance of foams was observed during a distinct period in the wetland with HRT 2, 4, and 8 days, successively. Subsequently, a series of experiments was conducted to investigate the origin of the foams. Foams and the increase of COD concentration were found to be induced by the release of organic matter from the synthetic polypropylene fiber which was fed with piggery stormwater. Meanwhile, nitrogen removal was found to be enhanced during a period which overlapped the distinct foaming period signifying that foaming played two important functions in biological nitrogen removal. Foams which form rapidly and then burst easily could hold up and then release oxygen for nitrification. Foams which contain organic surfactants could serve as carbon sources for denitrification as well. Hence, nitrogen removal was enhanced during the foaming stage. After that, COD concentration decreased slowly to a level prior to the foaming stage, and nitrogen removal efficiency declined as well.

합성섬유를 주 여재로 충진한 실험실 규모의 수직 지하흐름형 습지를 제작하여 인공축산단지 강우유출수 처리시험을 수행하였다. 3개의 습지에 대하여 수리학적 체류시간은 각각 2, 4, 8일 로 운전하였으며 매일 1회씩 내부순환을 실시하였다. 운전기간 동안에 매일 일반적인 수질인자에 대하여 모니터링을 실시하였으며 갑자기 HRT에 따라 순차적으로 거품이 발생되면서 처리수의 COD가 증가하는 현상이 관찰되었다. 따라서 연구의 방향을 거품의 발생원인을 분석하는데 초점을 맞추게 되었으며 거품의 출처 및 유기물질 농도의 증가는 습지에 충진한 폴리프로필렌 합성섬유가 분해되면서 방출된 것으로 분석되었다. 거품의 발생 및 유기물질의 농도증가는 질소제거의 효율증가와 밀접한 관련이 있었으며 2가지의 중요한 역할을 수행한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 먼저 거품은 습지내부에서 질산화에 필요한 산소를 억류하면서(hold-up) 질산화를 촉진시키며 거품에 내재된 유기물질은 탈질에 필요한 탄소원으로 작용한 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 거품발생시기와 질소제거효율이 증가한 시기가 일치한 것으로 보인다. 이후에 거품문제가 사라지면서 질소제거 수준은 서서히 감소하여 이전의 거품이 없던 시기로 회귀하였다.

Keywords

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