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Process Risk Assessment for a Batch Condensation Reaction of Polyester Resin using K-PSR Technique

K-PSR 기법을 활용한 회분식 폴리에스터 축합반응에서의 공정 위험성 평가 연구

  • Park, Kyung-Min (Department of Chemical Engineering, Keimyung University) ;
  • Lee, Dong-Kyu (Department of Chemical Engineering, Keimyung University) ;
  • Lee, Haakil (Department of Chemical Engineering, Keimyung University) ;
  • Lee, Joon-Man (Division of Cosmetics Chemistry, Yeungnam University College) ;
  • Ahn, Won-Sool (Department of Chemical Engineering, Keimyung University)
  • 박경민 (계명대학교 화학공학과) ;
  • 이동규 (계명대학교 화학공학과) ;
  • 이학일 (계명대학교 화학공학과) ;
  • 이준만 (영남이공대학교 화장품화공계열) ;
  • 안원술 (계명대학교 화학공학과)
  • Received : 2018.12.31
  • Accepted : 2019.03.08
  • Published : 2019.03.31

Abstract

Risk assessment and analysis for a medium-to-small sized chemical plant that manufactures a polyester resin by the process of batch-type condensation reaction was conducted using K-PSR technique which is one of the risk assessment methods used to implement the Process Safety Management System (PSM). K-PSR is a risk assessment technique developed by KOSHA to compensate for difficulties caused by the lack of infrastructure of medium-to-small sized chemical plants in the re-evaluation. To apply the K-PSR technique, the entire process of a selected chemical palnt was classified in two review sections, i.e., the condensation reaction process and the dilution/filtration process, and the potential risks of the process about these review sections were identified and classified based on the four guide-words (release, fire.explosion, process trouble, and injury). As the results of the research, refer to recommend of risk rating has been confirmed that non-destructive testing of old facilities and the preparation of LOTO procedures for the electrical equipments are necessary as specific measures to prevent the risk of release and fire.explosion. It was also shown that pressure gauges and thermometers should be installed on the hot-oil supply piping to minimize the process trouble, and exhausting hood should be installed to prevent potential injury.

회분식 축합반응에 의하여 폴리에스터 수지를 제조하는 중 소규모 화학 공장에 대하여 공정안전관리제도 (PSM)의 시행에 활용되는 위험성평가 방법들 중의 하나인 K-PSR 기법을 이용하여 위험성 평가 및 분석을 진행하였다. K-PSR 기법은 중 소규모 화학공장에 대한 위험성 재평가 시에 나타나는 인프라 부족에 의한 어려운 점을 보완하기 위하여 KOSHA에서 개발한 위험성 평가 기법이다. K-PSR 기법을 적용하기 위하여 선택된 화학 공장의 전체 공정을 축합반응공정과 희석/여과 공정의 2 개의 검토구간을 설정하고, 이에 대한 4가지 가이드워드(누출, 화재 폭발, 공정 트러블, 및 상해)를 기초로 하여 공정상의 잠재위험을 찾아내어 분류하였다. 연구의 결과로서, 위험도 등급을 고려한 안전조치로는 첫째, 누출 및 화재 폭발의 잠재 위험성을 예방하기 위한 구체적인 조치로서는 노후설비에 대한 비파괴 검사 및 전기설비의 LOTO 절차서의 마련이 반드시 필요한 것으로 확인되었다. 둘째, 열매체 공급 배관에는 압력계 및 온도계를 설치하여 공정 트러블을 최소화하고, 마지막으로 국소배기장치를 설치하여 잠재적인 상해를 예방해야 함을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Typical condensation process flow diagram for polyester resin

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Fig. 2. Utility flow diagram of condensation reaction process for polyester resin

Table 1. Hazard guide words for K-PSR

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Table 2. Likehood (L) Criteria

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Table 3. Severity (S) Criteria

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Table 4. Risk (Severity and frequency matrix) Criteria (R)

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Table 5. Risk assessment results by using K-PSR

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